Origin
Pleiospilos compactus (Aiton) Schwantes subsp. compactus is a succulent plant that belongs to the Aizoaceae family. It is native to South Africa where it grows in the dry, rocky areas of the Cape Province.
Common Names
This plant is commonly referred to as the "Split Rock" or "Living Pebble".
Uses
Pleiospilos compactus is mainly grown as an ornamental plant due to its unique and attractive appearance. It is a popular choice for rock gardens, window sills, and other small planting spaces. It is also used in landscaping to add an interesting texture and color to a garden.
General Appearance
Pleiospilos compactus is a small, low-growing succulent that forms clusters of paired leaves. The leaves are thick and fleshy and have a grey-green coloration. The plant forms a compact cushion-like shape and produces a striking yellow or orange flower that blooms in the summer. The leaves are covered in a velvety texture consisting of small mounds, and the plant has a unique split appearance that gives it the common name "Split Rock".
Light Requirements
The Pleiospilos compactus subsp. compactus plant requires bright, indirect light for optimal growth. It is recommended to place it near a south-facing window or under artificial grow lights for at least 6-8 hours a day. However, direct sunlight can scorch its leaves, so it's important to avoid exposing it to intense, hot rays.
Temperature Requirements
Pleiospilos compactus subsp. compactus is a plant that prefers warm temperatures. It thrives in temperatures ranging from 60°F to 80°F (15°C to 27°C). These plants can tolerate temperatures as low as 40°F (5°C), but it should be avoided, or its growth may slow down, leading to weak or stunted growth.
Soil Requirements
The soil for Pleiospilos compactus subsp. compactus should be well-draining, sandy, and have a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0. To obtain these features, you can mix equal parts of cactus potting soil, perlite, and coarse sand. This mixture's goal is to allow quick water drainage and avoid overwatering, which can cause root rot. As these plants are naturally growing in desert-like environments, they don't require much fussing with their soil and are relatively fuss-free plants.
Cultivation Methods
Pleiospilos compactus, commonly called the 'Split Rock' plant is a succulent native to South Africa. The plant flourishes both indoors and outdoors. It requires a well-draining soil mixture that comprises of sand, pumice, and peat. The plant also needs enough sunlight, so it should be in a spot that receives at least six hours of sunlight. The temperature range should be between 20°C to 30°C.
Watering Needs
The watering needs of Pleiospilos compactus are quite different from other plants. During its active growth period, it needs generous watering, but during its dormant period which is between summer and winter, it requires very little watering. In the active period, ensure the top inch of the soil is dry before watering. It's best to use boiled-cooled water or rainwater since the plant is susceptible to rot if exposed to chemicals present in some tap water.
Fertilisation
During its growing stage, fertilization should be done once or twice throughout the growing season using a liquid fertilizer with a low nitrogen content since high nitrogen content will kill the plant. The fertilization process should cease during winter when the plant is dormant. Avoid applying fertilizers directly to the leaves or stem since it can lead to burning, and avoid fertilizing newly repotted plants for at least six months.
Pruning
Pleiospilos compactus pruning should occur in the summer season before the plant becomes dormant. It is essential to eliminate any dead leaves and stems and cut off flowers that have died. Over time, the plant produces offsets that can be removed and re-planted to grow into new plants.
Propagation of Pleiospilos compactus subsp. compactus
The easiest and most common method of propagation for Pleiospilos compactus subsp. compactus is through seed germination. The plant produces small, black seeds which can be sown in well-draining soil mix. The seeds should be sown in shallow pots or trays and lightly covered with a layer of sand or fine gravel. The pot or tray should be kept in a warm, bright spot but not in direct sunlight. Germination typically occurs within 1-2 weeks, and the seedlings can be transplanted into individual pots once they have developed their second set of true leaves.
Propagation can also be done through leaf cuttings. The plant has a unique growth habit, where it produces two leaves that grow together and separate during the dry season. During the separation period, the leaves can be carefully detached from the plant without damaging the stem. The detached leaves can be left to dry for a few days and then planted in well-draining soil mix. Water lightly and keep in a warm, shaded spot until roots develop, and new growth appears.
Another method of propagation for Pleiospilos compactus subsp. compactus is through division. This approach can be used for mature plants where the base of the plant has developed several offsets. The plant can carefully be removed from its pot, and the offsets can be separated from the parent plant and transplanted into individual pots. Ensure that the offsets have roots attached and follow care instructions in the growth section of this article.
Disease and Pest Management for Pleiospilos compactus (Aiton) Schwantes subsp. compactus
Pleiospilos compactus is a small, clump-forming succulent that is relatively resistant to most diseases and pests. However, if the plant is grown in unsuitable conditions or not provided with adequate care, it can be susceptible to some common diseases and pests.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that can affect Pleiospilos compactus is root rot. This disease is caused by overwatering or allowing the plant to sit in water for prolonged periods, which can lead to fungal infections. To prevent root rot, it is crucial to ensure that the plant is grown in well-draining soil and watered only when the soil is completely dry.
Another disease that can affect Pleiospilos compactus is powdery mildew, a fungal infection that appears as a white or grayish coating on the leaves. This disease can be controlled by removing infected parts of the plant and reducing humidity levels around the plant.
Common Pests
One of the most common pests that can affect Pleiospilos compactus is spider mites. These tiny insects feed on the sap of the plant and can cause damage to the leaves, leaving them yellowed and discolored. A way to control spider mites is by washing or wiping the leaves regularly, increasing humidity levels around the plant, and introducing predatory insects such as ladybugs or lacewings.
Another pest that can affect Pleiospilos compactus is mealybugs, small white insects that infest the plant's leaves and stems. These pests can be managed by wiping them off with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol or using a soap solution to prevent infestations.
To maintain the overall health of Pleiospilos compactus, it is essential to keep the plant in an appropriate environment, provide proper care, and monitor for any signs of disease or pest infestations. Early detection and prompt treatment are essential to ensure the plant's longevity and health.
