Overview
Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff is a species of flowering plant in the Pittosporum family (Pittosporaceae). This plant is native to the Hawaiian Islands and is commonly known as Ihi or Ihi Makole. It is a shrub that grows up to 6 meters tall.
Appearance
The Ihi Makole has a unique appearance that makes it stand out from other plants. It has dark green leaves that are glossy and thick. The leaves are elongated and measure approximately 10-18 cm in length. The flowers are small and grow in clusters at the top of the branches. They are pink and have a sweet fragrance.
Uses
The Ihi Makole has several uses in traditional Hawaiian medicine. The leaves of the plant were crushed and used to treat coughs and sore throats. The bark of the plant was also used to make medicine to treat skin ailments. Additionally, the wood of the Ihi Makole was used to make bowls and other utensils.
Today, the Ihi Makole is also used in landscaping as an ornamental plant. Its unique appearance makes it a popular choice for adding interest to gardens and outdoor spaces.
Light Requirements
Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff grows well in full sunlight but can tolerate some shade. Exposing the plant to direct sunlight for at least six hours a day aids in its growth and development.
Temperature Requirements
The plant grows well in a range of temperatures but thrives best in a warm and humid environment. Temperatures that range between 18-22 degrees Celsius are optimal for the plant's growth, while temperatures below 5 degrees Celsius can cause damage to the plant.
Soil Requirements
The plant prefers a well-drained, slightly acidic soil that is rich in organic matter. A soil pH range of 5.0-6.5 is ideal for the plant's growth. The plant also requires consistent soil moisture to remain healthy. Waterlogging can cause problems to the plant and so the soil should never stay wet for long periods.
Cultivation
Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff is a shrub that flourishes in warm climates such as in the Mediterranean regions and subtropical regions. The plant requires well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Ensure the soil pH is 6.0 to 7.5 for optimum growth.
The plant is propagated from seeds or stem cuttings. Sow the seeds or place the stem cuttings in trays filled with potting mix, ensuring they remain moist until germination or the growth of roots. Transplant the seedlings in pots or the garden once they grow 5-8cm tall.
Watering
Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff requires regular watering, especially during the hot and dry season. The plant does not tolerate wet feet; thus, avoid overwatering, change the watering frequency according to the prevailing conditions.
Water the plant early in the morning or late in the evening to reduce the rate of evaporation and increase the absorption rate by the root system. Mulching the base of the plant with organic matter helps to retain moisture and regulate the soil temperature.
Fertilization
Apply a balanced slow-release fertilizer at the beginning of the growing season. The recommended fertilizer analysis is 10-10-10 or 12-6-6, applied at the rate of 2-3 cups per plant. Water deeply after application to prevent root burn.
Alternatively, use organic fertilizers such as compost, aged manure, or bone meal, which provide the plant with a steady release of nutrients. Apply the organic fertilizer at the rate of 1-2 cups per plant, incorporating it into the soil, and water deeply.
Pruning
Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff is a fast-growing shrub that requires regular pruning to maintain its shape and size. Prune the plant after the flowering season, trimming back any overgrown stems to a third of their growth.
Remove any diseased or damaged stems as soon as you notice them to prevent the spread of infection. Cut the stems at a 45-degree angle, using a clean and sharp pruning tool to reduce wound damage.
Propagation of Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. Skottsbergii Sherff
Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff is a small tree endemic to Hawaii and is often grown as an ornamental plant. Propagation of this plant can be done through several methods.
Seed propagation
Propagating Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff from seeds is relatively easy. Collect the seeds from the plant when they are ripe. Sow the seeds in a well-draining potting mix and cover them lightly with soil. Keep the soil moist and warm, and the seeds should germinate in four to six weeks.
Cuttings
Propagation from cuttings is another option. Take cuttings of Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff in the spring from new growth. Make sure the cuttings are about 4 to 6 inches long and have at least two nodes. Dip the cut ends in a rooting hormone and insert them into a well-draining potting mix. Keep the soil moist and warm, and the cuttings should root within a few weeks.
Air layering
Air layering is another propagation method suitable for Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff. Select a healthy branch, make a small cut and wrap the area with moist sphagnum moss. Then, wrap the moss in plastic wrap and wait for roots to form. Cut off the rooted section and plant it in a well-draining potting mix.
Grafting
Propagation using grafting is more commonly used for commercial production. Grafting onto a rootstock of Pittosporum tobira is the preferred way of propagation. This method is more challenging, requires more specific conditions, and is not ideal for the average gardener.
Disease and Pest Management for Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff
Like many plants, Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff is prone to certain diseases and pests. Typically, the best management strategy is to prevent problems before they occur by providing appropriate growing conditions and regular maintenance, but there are also steps to take when issues arise.
Common diseases
Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff is susceptible to a few diseases, including:
- Anthracnose: This fungal disease can cause leaf spots, defoliation, and twig dieback. To prevent it, ensure good air circulation around the plant by planting it in a well-spaced area and avoid overhead watering. Removing affected plant parts can also help.
- Root rot: Caused by wet soil conditions or poor drainage, root rot can cause the plant to decline or die. To manage it, make sure the plant is planted in well-draining soil and avoid overwatering. Fungicides may also be an option.
Common pests
Pittosporum gayanum Rock var. skottsbergii Sherff may also be affected by a few pests, including:
- Aphids: These small, soft-bodied insects can cluster on new growth, causing distortion and stunting. Controlling them can be done using insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.
- Spider mites: These tiny pests can cause yellowing and leaf drop. Controlling them involves regular misting of the foliage to increase humidity and using insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.
When managing diseases and pests, always make sure to properly identify the problem before taking action. Additionally, it's important to use integrated pest management (IPM) methods that include cultural, mechanical, and biological controls, as well as pesticides only as a last resort.
