Origin
Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis is a plant species that is native to East Africa, particularly in Tanzania and Kenya. It mainly thrives in moist, wooded areas and can grow at elevations of up to 2,000 meters above sea level.
Common Names
The Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis is commonly known as the African clearweed or African friendship plant. Locally, it is called 'Kiswima' in Tanzania and 'Kihumu' in Kenya.
Uses
The African clearweed is mostly grown for its ornamental purposes. Its foliage is bright green, heart-shaped, and has a velvety texture that is attractive to many people. This beautiful plant is a favorite among collectors of rare plants, and it is often grown indoors as a houseplant in areas outside its native region.
General Appearance
The Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis is a small plant that can grow up to 30 centimeters in height. The leaves are bright green and have a unique shape that resembles a heart with a pointed tip. The leaves are also thin, delicate, and have a velvety texture, which is a distinguishing feature of this plant. The African clearweed produces small, creamy-white flowers that grow in clusters, and they usually bloom during the summer season. This plant is easy to care for, making it a great addition to any indoor garden or collection.
Light Requirements
The Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis prefers bright, indirect light or filtered sunlight. It can tolerate some direct sunlight but too much exposure to the sun can burn the leaves. Artificial light can also be used to supplement the natural light.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature for Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis is between 18-26°C (65-80°F). It can tolerate temperatures as low as 10°C (50°F) but frost or extreme heat can damage the plant. Keep the plant away from cold drafts and air conditioning vents.
Soil Requirements
Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis thrives in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A soil mix that is light, airy, and loamy is best for this plant. It can be grown in a variety of soil types including sandy, clay, and loamy soils.
Cultivation
Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis is a relatively easy plant to grow. It requires bright, indirect sunlight, but can also tolerate some shade. Temperature-wise, it prefers a range of 18-25°C, but can withstand temperatures as low as 16°C and as high as 30°C. The plant needs to be shielded from direct sunlight, especially during the peak hours of the day, as this can scorch the leaves.
Watering Needs
This plant requires regular watering, but it is important to avoid over-watering. Water the plant when the top inch of soil feels dry. Avoid letting the soil dry out completely, and do not let the plant sit in water. It is also important to note that the plant may require less water during the winter months when it goes into a dormant state.
Fertilization
Fertilize the plant once every two weeks during the growing season, which runs from spring through summer. Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer and dilute it to half strength. Avoid fertilizing the plant during winter, as it does not require as many nutrients during this time.
Pruning
Pruning should be done regularly to keep the plant compact and encourage bushier growth. Prune any damaged or yellowing leaves, and pinch back the tips of the plant to promote branching. You can also propagate the plant using cuttings taken from the tips or stems. Simply place them in water or soil, and they will eventually root and grow into new plants.
Propagation Methods for Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis
Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis can be propagated through various methods such as:
Stem Cuttings
The stem cuttings of Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis can be used for propagation. Take a healthy stem cutting just below the node and make sure that the cutting is at least 10 centimeters long. Remove the bottom leaves of the cutting and dip it in rooting hormone. Insert the cutting into a pot filled with well-draining soil. Moisten the soil and place the pot in indirect light. Keep the soil moist and you will see new growth within 4-6 weeks.
Division
Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis can also be propagated through division. Carefully remove the plant from the pot and gently divide the roots into sections. Each section should have at least one stem and a sufficient root system. Repot these sections in separate pots filled with well-draining soil. Keep the soil moist and place the pots in indirect light.
Leaf Cuttings
Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis can also be propagated by leaf cuttings. Carefully remove a leaf from the parent plant and make sure that a small piece of the stem is still attached to the base of the leaf. Place the leaf cutting in a pot filled with well-draining soil. Moisten the soil and cover the pot with a plastic bag or a clear plastic lid. This will create a humid environment that promotes root growth. Place the pot in bright, indirect light and wait for the cutting to root. Once roots have formed, remove the plastic bag or lid and continue to care for the plant as usual.
Disease Management
Like any other plant, Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis is likewise vulnerable to various diseases and infections. Therefore, it is essential to take measures to protect the plant from getting infected. Here are some of the common diseases that might affect the plant:
- Leaf Spot: Leaf spot is a fungal infection that appears as irregular black or brown spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, it is advised to remove the infected leaves immediately and avoid watering the leaves of the plant. Using a fungicide may also help prevent the fungal infection from spreading.
- Root Rot: Root rot is a common problem in plants that are overwatered. This disease occurs when the roots of the plant are damaged or become infected by fungi. To prevent root rot, make sure to avoid overwatering the plant and ensure proper drainage. Using a fungicide might also be helpful in preventing root rot.
- Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves. To prevent powdery mildew, make sure the plant is not in a wet environment and ensure good air circulation. Using a fungicide may also help in preventing this disease.
Pest Management
Pests like spider mites and mealybugs can cause serious damage to Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis if not managed effectively. Here are some of the common pests that might affect the plant:
- Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that suck the sap from the plant, causing the leaves to turn yellow and eventually fall off. To manage spider mites, it is advised to wash the plant with a strong jet of water to dislodge the mites. Using a neem oil-based pesticide may also be helpful in preventing spider mites.
- Mealybugs: Mealybugs are insects that feed on the sap of the plant, causing the leaves to wilt and turn yellow. To prevent mealybugs, make sure to inspect the plant regularly and remove any visible insects using a cotton swab dipped in alcohol. Using a systemic insecticide might also be helpful in controlling mealybugs.
Overall, it is essential to ensure a healthy environment for Pilea johnstonii Oliv. subsp. kiwuensis (Engl.) Friis, including regular inspections, proper watering, and appropriate use of pesticides and fungicides. Quick detection and effective management of pests and diseases will help ensure the plant's longevity and attractiveness.
