Origin
Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert, commonly known as the Copper-burn tree is a species of flowering plant native to the tropical regions of Africa, where it can be found growing in a wide variety of habitats ranging from wetlands to dry savannahs.
Common Names
Aside from Copper-burn tree, Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert is known by several other common names including Sodom's Apple, Wart-stemmed Phyllanthus, and Spotted Leaf Flowering Tallow.
Uses
Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert is primarily used for medicinal purposes. Its leaves and bark are used to treat a variety of ailments such as malaria, stomach problems, and skin infections. The plant is also used in traditional African medicine for treating snakebites.
In addition to its medicinal properties, the bark of the Copper-burn tree contains tannins which can be used to tan leather. The wood is also used locally for fuel and as a building material.
General Appearance
Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert is a small shrub or tree that typically grows to a height of 6-10 meters. The plant has a smooth, light brown bark, and its stems are covered in small, wart-like lumps. The leaves of the Copper-burn tree are simple and elliptic, measuring 5-12 cm in length. They have a dark green color with distinct white spots on their upper surface. The flowers are small, greenish-yellow, and borne in clusters at the ends of the branches. The fruit is a small capsule containing several seeds.
Growth Conditions for Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert
Light Requirements: The Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert plant requires bright, indirect light for optimal growth. It must be placed in an area where it can receive at least 4-6 hours of sunlight daily. The plant does not tolerate direct sunlight, so it's essential to keep it away from windows that face south or west.
Temperature Requirements: This plant grows well in a temperature range of 18°C to 27°C (64°F to 80°F). It cannot withstand temperatures below 10°C (50°F) or above 32°C (90°F). It's best to keep it away from areas with drafts or sudden temperature changes.
Soil Requirements: Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert thrives in well-draining soil with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5. The soil must be able to retain moisture while allowing excess water to drain. A mixture of potting soil, sand, and perlite in equal parts is ideal for this plant.
Water Requirements: The plant prefers moist soil but can lead to root rot if overwatered. Water the plant thoroughly once a week during the growing season and reduce watering during the winter months. The soil should be kept slightly damp but not waterlogged.
Fertilizer Requirements: The plant does not require a lot of nutrients but can benefit from biweekly applications of balanced fertilizer during the growing season. Fertilize the plant sparingly and avoid over-fertilizing, as it can lead to yellowing of leaves or stunted growth.
Cultivation Methods for Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert
Phyllanthus oblongiglans is a small, drought-resistant plant native to Madagascar. It thrives in warm and dry climates with good drainage. Planting in well-draining soil and full sun is best for the plant's growth.
Propagation can be achieved through seeds or cuttings. Cuttings should be taken from new growth in the spring, treated with rooting hormone before planting and kept moist until rooted and established.
Watering Needs for Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert
While Phyllanthus oblongiglans can tolerate periods of drought, it prefers regular watering throughout the growing season. Water the plant when the top inch of soil is dry, but make sure not to overwater, as this can cause root rot.
In regions with heavy rainfall, ensure the soil has proper drainage to prevent waterlogging.
Fertilization for Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert
Phyllanthus oblongiglans requires very little fertilization and does not need it as frequently as other plants. Fertilize once a month during the growing season with a balanced, organic fertilizer to give the plant a boost in nutrients.
Avoid overfertilization, as this can cause the plant to grow too quickly and become weak.
Pruning for Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert
Pruning is not required for Phyllanthus oblongiglans, but if desired, it is best done in the early spring before new growth occurs.
Remove any dead, diseased, or damaged branches and trim back the tips of the remaining branches to encourage bushier growth.
It is recommended to wear gloves while pruning, especially if the plant contains thorny stems.
Propagation of Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert
Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert can be propagated through seeds and stem cuttings. Each method requires different procedures for the propagation process.
Propagation through seeds
The seeds of Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert can be collected from the plant's fruit when it is ripe and allowed to dry in a shaded area. Once the seeds are dried, they should be stored in a container and kept in a cool and dry place until they are ready for planting. To plant the seeds, it is best to sow them in a well-draining soil mixture at a depth of 1 to 2 cm below the surface. Keep the soil moist until the seeds germinate.
Propagation through stem cuttings
Stem cuttings of Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert can be taken from mature plants during the active growing season. The cuttings should be at least 10 cm long and have a few leaves attached near the top. Remove the lower leaves of the cutting and treat the cut end with a rooting hormone. Place the cutting in a well-draining soil mixture and keep the soil moist until roots are established.
The propagation of Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert through stem cuttings is faster compared to seed propagation. However, both methods can be successful if done correctly.
Disease and Pest Management for Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert
Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert, commonly known as Gilbert's leaf-flower, is a hardy plant that grows well in a variety of conditions. However, like all plants, it is susceptible to pests and diseases. It is essential to take proper care of the plant and prevent potential problems from arising. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Anthracnose: It is a fungal disease that causes brownish-black spots on the leaves. The spots can enlarge and cause the leaves to wilt and die. The disease spreads rapidly in wet and humid conditions.
To manage anthracnose, remove infected leaves immediately and dispose of them carefully. Ensure that the plant is not overwatered or exposed to excess humidity. Use a fungicide to control the disease if the infection is severe.
Mildew: It is a fungal disease that appears as a white, powdery substance on the leaves, stems, and flowers. The plant becomes weakened, and the flowers fail to open correctly.
To manage mildew, increase air circulation around the plant and reduce humidity levels. Ensure that the plant is not overcrowded or exposed to excess water. Use a fungicide to control the spread of the disease if necessary.
Pests
Scale Insects: These small, oval-shaped insects attach themselves to the stems and leaves of the plant and suck the sap. The plant may develop a yellowish color, and the leaves may drop prematurely.
To manage scale insects, remove them manually using a damp cloth or cotton swab and rubbing alcohol. Use insecticidal soap or horticultural oil to control the infestation.
Aphids: They are small insects that cluster together on the undersides of the leaves and feed on the sap of the plant. The leaves become deformed, and the plant may fail to thrive.
To manage aphids, blast them off the plant using a strong jet of water. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control the infestation if necessary.
By taking proper care of the plant and staying vigilant for potential problems, it is possible to keep Phyllanthus oblongiglans M.G.Gilbert healthy and thriving.
