Overview
Pertusaria pseudocorallina (Lilj.) Arnold is a species of lichen that belongs to the family Pertusariaceae. This lichen is also known by the common name False Coral Lichen. It is characterized by its striking coral-like appearance, making it a popular addition to gardens and rock gardens. It is also found in the wild in various regions of North America.
Appearance
The False Coral Lichen has a unique appearance that is unmistakable. It is a bushy, coral-like structure, with branches that can rise up to 8 cm high. The branches are densely covered with small, flattened, grey-green lobes. The lobes are roughly triangular, with rounded corners. They are typically about 2-3 mm wide and 1-2 mm thick. Each lobe has a distinct margin that is slightly raised, and the undersides of the lobes are black. The entire lichen appears crustose and is leathery to the touch.
Origin
Pertusaria pseudocorallina (Lilj.) Arnold is native to North America. It is found in various regions throughout the United States, especially in the Great Lakes region, as well as in Canada. It grows on a wide range of substrates, including rocks, soil, tree bark, and wooden structures.
Uses
The False Coral Lichen is used primarily for ornamental purposes. It is a popular addition to rock gardens, as it adds a unique texture and shape to the landscape. The lichen is also sometimes used in floral arrangements, as it can be dried and preserved. However, it should not be harvested from the wild as it plays a crucial role in the environment, supporting a range of wildlife and contributing to the overall health of the ecosystems it inhabits.
Light Requirements
Pertusaria pseudocorallina thrives in areas with moderate to low light intensity. The species can tolerate partial shade, but prefers direct light exposure in the morning. Too much sun exposure can dry out the lichens, which can lead to their death. Therefore, the lichens grow well in areas with light intensities ranging from 500 to 1500 lux.
Temperature Requirements
The plant thrives in cold and humid environments such as boreal forests, tundras and alpine zones. The optimal temperature range for growth is between 10 and 20°C, although it can tolerate temperatures outside this range. However, in temperatures below freezing, the lichens become dormant and slow growth rates. On the other hand, high temperatures lead to the lichens drying out and dying.
Soil Requirements
Pertusaria pseudocorallina grows on different substrates such as rocks, barks, and soils. The species is adapted to grow in acidic soils with a pH range of 4.5 to 5.5. The soils must be moist, but not waterlogged as this can lead to fungal infections. Sandy and well-drained soils provide ideal conditions for the growth of the plant. The presence of heavy metals and pollutants in the soil negatively affects the growth of the lichens.
Cultivation Methods for Pertusaria Pseudocorallina
Pertusaria Pseudocorallina, commonly known as Lilj., is a lichen species that grows on rocks or wood. To cultivate this plant, it is preferable to start with a small portion of well-developed thallus, transferred from its original habitat. The thallus should be placed on a piece of smooth, clean, and non-porous rock or wood surface, preferably one that mimics its natural habitat. It is essential to ensure that the habitat is not too damp and provides ample surrounding light to aid its growth.
Watering Needs of Pertusaria Pseudocorallina
Pertusaria Pseudocorallina primarily relies on moisture from the air and rainfall. The plant is susceptible to excessive moisture. Therefore, it is essential to keep the growth medium moderately dry. Over-watering may cause the thallus to become mushy or even result in rotting. It is necessary to avoid watering it unless the surrounding environment is unusually arid.
Fertilization for Pertusaria Pseudocorallina
Pertusaria Pseudocorallina does not require any fertilization as it assimilates all needed nutrients from the surrounding environment. By keeping the growth medium clean and avoiding the use of organic fertilizers, you can ensure the optimal growth of your lichen plant. If you observe any colour changes or malformations in the thallus, it indicates that there is something off with its surrounding environment or sunlight exposure, and you may need to move the plant to a better location for its growth.
Pruning of Pertusaria Pseudocorallina
Pertusaria Pseudocorallina does not require any pruning as its growth rate is relatively slow. However, it is necessary to trim off any unwanted or dead parts of neighbouring plants and weeds that may interfere with the lichen's development. It is essential to avoid disturbing the thallus as it may cause it to detach or weaken, affecting its growth.
Propagation of Pertusaria pseudocorallina (Lilj.) Arnold
Pertusaria pseudocorallina (Lilj.) Arnold is a lichen species that reproduces through asexual and sexual methods. The asexual means of propagation involves fragmentation, whereby a part of the thallus separates, falls off, and grows into a new individual. This method is common in species that colonize challenging terrains where sexual reproduction may not be feasible.
Another method of asexual propagation is soredia, where small, vegetative propagules detach from the parent lichen's surface. These structures spread through wind, rain, or contact and grow into new individuals. An advantage of soredia formation is that they disperse over long distances; however, they have lower genetic variability compared to individuals formed through sexual reproduction.
Sexual reproduction involves fusion of male and female reproductive structures, resulting in the formation of spores that grow into new individuals. Cross-fertilization with a different genotype helps in genetic diversity, which improves adaptive potential and colonization success.
In natural settings, Pertusaria pseudocorallina (Lilj.) Arnold propagates primarily through asexual reproduction. However, for laboratory breeding, sexually reproducing individuals are selected to improve genetic diversity. Various techniques, such as culture on agar media, air-drying, and treatment with hormones or growth regulators, have been used to promote sporulation, which is necessary for sexual reproduction.
Disease Management
Pertusaria pseudocorallina is a hardy plant that is generally disease-resistant. However, certain fungal infections can affect its growth and health. One such disease is Pertusaria pseudocorallina rot, which causes the stems and roots of the plant to rot and deteriorate.
To manage this disease, it is important to remove all affected plant material and dispose of it properly. Avoid overhead watering, as this can promote fungal growth. Keep the plant well-drained and ensure that it is not overwatered. In severe cases, fungicides may be necessary.
Pest Management
Mealybugs, spider mites, and scale insects are common pests that can infest Pertusaria pseudocorallina. These pests suck the sap from the plant, causing it to weaken and lose vitality.
To manage these pests, regular inspection of the plant is necessary. Manual removal of the pests using a gentle stream of water can help manage the infestation. In severe cases, horticultural oils or insecticidal soaps can be used to eradicate the pests. It is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions when using these products.
Preventative measures can also be taken to avoid pest infestations. Keeping the plant healthy and well-maintained can prevent pests from attacking. Avoid over-fertilization, as this can promote pest growth.
