Origin of Pennisetum Polystachion subsp. Setosum
Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult. subsp. setosum (Sw.) Brunken, also known as hairy or bristly fountain grass, is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa. It is widely distributed in the Old World tropics, including Asia and Australia, and has been introduced to other parts of the world, such as North and South America, where it is now considered an invasive species.
Common Names and Uses
Pennisetum polystachion subsp. setosum is commonly known as hairy or bristly fountain grass, due to its characteristic appearance. In Africa, the grass is used for a variety of purposes, including thatching, basket making, and as fodder for livestock. In other parts of the world, it is often used as an ornamental plant in gardens and landscaping.
General Appearance
Hairy or bristly fountain grass is a perennial grass that grows up to 1.5 meters tall. It has a clumping growth habit and produces numerous long, narrow leaves that are green or purplish in color. The grass produces spike-like inflorescences that are 10-20 centimeters long, giving it its characteristic fountain-like appearance. The inflorescences are bristly and covered in fine hairs, hence the common name. Hairy or bristly fountain grass has a deep root system and can tolerate a wide range of soils and environmental conditions.
Light Requirements
Pennisetum polystachion subsp. setosum prefers full sunlight and thrives in locations with at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. The plant is known to tolerate some shade, but its growth rate may be affected.
Temperature Requirements
The plant is adaptable to a wide range of temperatures, but it is best suited for warm climates. It is a tropical plant and requires temperatures above 60°F (15.5°C) to grow. The optimal temperature range for the growth of the plant is between 70°F to 85°F (21°C to 29.5°C).
Soil Requirements
The plant thrives in well-draining soils, such as sandy loam or loamy soils. It can tolerate a range of soil pH levels but prefers neutral to slightly acidic soils with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. The plant does not grow well in heavy, clay soils, or soils that tend to retain moisture for prolonged durations.
Cultivation Methods
Pennisetum polystachion subsp. setosum is a perennial grass that is tolerant of a wide range of soils. It requires a well-draining soil and thrives in full sunlight. The best time to plant it is during the warm months of spring or summer. The grass can be propagated either by seed or by dividing mature clumps. When planting by seed, make sure to keep the soil moist until the seedlings germinate, which usually takes about two weeks.Watering Needs
Pennisetum polystachion subsp. setosum requires regular watering, especially during the hot and dry months. The grass is drought-resistant, but consistent moisture is necessary to maintain its lush green color. However, overwatering can cause root rot and other fungal diseases. Water the grass deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings.Fertilization
Pennisetum polystachion subsp. setosum thrives in fertile soils, so regular fertilization is crucial. Use a balanced fertilizer with a ratio of 10-10-10 and apply it to the soil every three months. However, avoid fertilizing during the winter months when the grass is dormant. Overfertilizing can cause the grass to grow too rapidly and become weak and spindly.Pruning
Pennisetum polystachion subsp. setosum requires minimal pruning. However, dead or damaged leaves and stems should be removed promptly to prevent the spread of diseases. Otherwise, you can leave the grass to grow naturally. In late winter or early spring, you can prune the grass down to the ground to encourage new growth the following season.Propagation of Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult. subsp. setosum (Sw.) Brunken
Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult. subsp. setosum (Sw.) Brunken is a warm-season grass that can be propagated through various methods. It is an invasive weed that is commonly found in disturbed habitats, along roadsides, and in agricultural lands. This grass can be propagated through seed, stem cuttings, and division.
Propagation through seed
The most common method of propagation is through seed. The seeds of Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult. subsp. setosum (Sw.) Brunken are small in size and can be collected from mature plants during the fall season. The collected seeds should be dried and stored in a cool, dry place until the next planting season. They can be sown directly into the soil in the spring season when the soil temperature is warm enough to promote germination.
Propagation through stem cuttings
Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult. subsp. setosum (Sw.) Brunken can also be propagated through stem cuttings. This method involves taking stem cuttings from the parent plant and planting them in moist soil under appropriate environmental conditions. The cuttings should be taken from healthy, mature plants during the growing season and planted immediately to prevent desiccation. The cuttings should be monitored regularly for signs of growth.
Propagation through division
Division is another method of propagation. This method involves dividing the mature plant into smaller portions and planting them separately in prepared soil. The process is typically carried out during the dormant season or early spring before the growing season. The plant should be carefully dug up and divided into smaller portions, making sure that each portion has enough roots to support growth. The divided portions can then be planted in separate locations, and they should be watered regularly until they have established in their new location.
Disease Management
Pennisetum polystachion subsp. setosum, also known as fountain grass, is generally not prone to diseases. However, in some cases, it can be affected by fungal diseases, such as leaf spots and rust. These diseases can cause leaves to yellow, wilt, and eventually die if not controlled.
To manage fungal diseases, it is important to practice good sanitation. Remove any infected plant debris and dispose of it properly. Avoid overhead watering, which can spread the spores of fungal diseases. Fungicides may also be used, following label instructions carefully.
Pest Management
Fountain grass is not typically a target for pests; however, in some instances, it can be affected by spider mites, aphids, and grasshoppers. These pests can cause yellowing, stunted growth, and damage to the foliage.
To manage spider mites and aphids, use a strong stream of water to wash them off the plant. In severe cases, insecticidal soap or neem oil can also be effective. Grasshoppers can be controlled by removing any nearby weedy areas, as they prefer to feed on these plants. Additionally, floating row covers can be used to protect the plants.
