Overview
Pelea orbicularis Hbd., also known as 'olopua or hardy pelea, is a small tree or shrub that belongs to the citrus family, Rutaceae. It is native to Hawaii, and can be found in the dry to mesic regions of all the main Hawaiian Islands.
Appearance
Pealea orbicularis typically grows to a height of 10-25 feet. Its bark is light-colored and has a rough texture, while its leaves are small, shiny, and dark green. The flowers of the plant are small, white, and slightly fragrant. The plant produces small, round, woody capsules that are approximately 1 centimeter in diameter and contain one or two seeds.
Uses
The Pelea orbicularis plant has a variety of traditional medicinal uses in Hawaii. The leaves and bark of the plant are used as an herbal remedy to treat a wide range of ailments including indigestion, coughs, colds, and sore throats. Some native Hawaiians also use the plant to treat toothaches and as a hair shampoo. In addition to its medicinal uses, the wood of the Pelea orbicularis is hard and durable, making it a popular choice among Hawaiian craftsmen for the production of traditional Hawaiian weapons, carving tools, and household items.
Common Names
The Pelea orbicularis is commonly known as 'olopua or hardy pelea in Hawaii.
Light Requirements
Pelea orbicularis Hbd. prefers bright but indirect light. Direct sunlight can scorch the leaves, whereas low light can cause legginess and slow growth. Therefore, it is best to place this plant near a window with filtered light or behind a sheer curtain.
Temperature Requirements
This plant prefers a warm and humid environment. Ideally, temperatures should be between 65 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit. Avoid placing this plant near cold drafts or air conditioning units that can cause temperature fluctuations. Additionally, provide some humidity by misting the leaves regularly or placing a tray of water near the plant.
Soil Requirements
A well-draining soil mix that is rich in organic matter is ideal for Pelea orbicularis Hbd. This plant prefers a slightly acidic soil with a pH of 6.0 to 6.5. Use a pot with drainage holes to prevent waterlogging and root rot. You can mix perlite or coarse sand to the soil to increase the drainage and aeration.
Cultivation of Pelea orbicularis Hbd.
Pelea orbicularis Hbd. commonly known as 'Orange' belongs to the family of Rutaceae. This plant type is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. Its cultivation requires growing in well-drained soil with a pH range of 6.1 to 7.8. This plant requires bright indirect sunlight or partial shade.
Watering Needs
The watering needs of Pelea orbicularis Hbd. are moderate. This plant should be watered once every week in the growing season and less frequently in winter. Overwatering can lead to root rot and damage the plant, while underwatering can cause the leaves to wilt. Drainage is essential, so make sure the soil is well-draining.
Fertilization
Fertilizer should be applied every two weeks in the growing season. A balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be used. The ideal ratio of N-P-K for this plant type should be 15-15-15. Fertilizer should not be applied during the winter season.
Pruning
Pruning should be done in the early spring season when Pelea orbicularis Hbd. enters its dormant phase. Pruning should be done to remove dead or diseased branches and damaged leaves. This plant type can be pruned to make it fuller or smaller. Make sure to use clean and sharp pruning tools and avoid trimming too much foliage as it can cause stress to the plant.
Propagation of Pelea Orbicularis Hbd.
Pelea orbicularis Hbd., commonly known as the Hawaiian orange wood, can be propagated from seeds, cuttings, or air layering.
Propagation from Seeds
The easiest way to propagate Pelea orbicularis is by sowing the seeds in a well-drained potting mix. The seeds should be cleaned and soaked in warm water for 24 hours before sowing. They should be sown at a depth of 1 inch and kept in moist soil until they germinate. The optimal temperature for germination ranges from 70 to 85°F.
Propagation from Cuttings
Propagation from cuttings can be done using semi-hardwood or hardwood cuttings. The cuttings should be taken from mature trees during the dormant season. The cutting should be about 6 inches long and should have at least two nodes. The cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone and planted in a well-drained potting mix. The cutting should be kept in a warm, humid, and bright place until they start rooting.
Propagation from Air Layering
Air layering is a propagation method that involves making a cut in the bark of the tree and wrapping it in moist sphagnum moss. The moss should be covered with plastic wrap and secured with tape. The plant should be kept in a warm and humid place until roots emerge. Once roots emerge, the branch can be cut from the tree and planted in a well-drained potting mix.
Regardless of the propagation method used, the new plants should be kept in a warm, bright, and humid location until they are well-established. The plants can tolerate a wide range of growing conditions and can thrive in full sun or partial shade.
Disease and Pest Management for Pelea Orbicularis Hbd.
Pelea orbicularis Hbd. is a plant species that is relatively resistant to diseases and pests. However, it can still suffer from some common problems that may affect its growth and development. Below are some of the most common diseases and pests that can affect Pelea orbicularis Hbd. and effective ways to manage them.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that may affect Pelea orbicularis Hbd. is root rot. This can be caused by overwatering, poorly drained soils, or fungal infections. To prevent root rot, it is important to ensure that the soil is well-drained and to water the plant only when necessary. In case of fungal infections, it may be necessary to use fungicides to control the spread of the disease.
Another disease that may affect Pelea orbicularis Hbd. is leaf spot. This can cause brown spots to appear on the leaves, and if left unchecked, it can cause the leaves to wilt and drop off the plant. To manage leaf spot, it is important to remove and destroy infected leaves and to avoid overhead watering, which can promote the spread of the disease.
Common Pests
The most common pest that may affect Pelea orbicularis Hbd. is scale insects. These small, brown insects can attach themselves to the stems and leaves of the plant, sucking the sap and causing the leaves to turn yellow and drop. To manage scale insects, it is important to use a systemic insecticide that can penetrate the plant tissue and kill the insects. Additionally, it may be helpful to prune away heavily infested branches and to regularly inspect the plant for signs of infestation.
Another pest that may affect Pelea orbicularis Hbd. is aphids. These tiny insects can cluster on the leaves and stems, draining the sap and causing the leaves to curl and become distorted. To manage aphids, it may be helpful to spray the plant with a strong jet of water to dislodge the insects. In severe infestations, it may be necessary to use insecticides to control the pest.
Conclusion
By following the tips and strategies outlined above, it is possible to effectively manage diseases and pests that may affect Pelea orbicularis Hbd. With proper care and attention, this plant can thrive and provide a beautiful addition to any landscape or garden.
