Introduction
Paspalum wombaliense Vanderyst is a species of grass that belongs to the Poaceae family. It is known for its unique characteristics and is found in different areas of Africa, specifically in Cameroon and Nigeria.
Common names
Paspalum wombaliense Vanderyst is commonly referred to as Wombale grass. It is named after the Wombale River in Cameroon, where it was first discovered. Other common names include Swamp Paspalum and African Water Finger Grass.
Appearance
The plant has a unique appearance due to its slender reed-like stem that could grow up to 1-2 meters long. It forms long thickets along the riverbanks and swamps where it grows. The leaves are light green, narrow, and slightly curled, with a prominent midrib. The plant produces flowers in spikelets that are arranged in branches at the tip of the stems.
Uses
Paspalum wombaliense Vanderyst is used for various purposes such as erosion control, landscaping, and as a pasture grass. It is also utilized in wetland restoration projects due to its ability to absorb excess water and reduce soil erosion. Additionally, the plant has medicinal properties and is used in traditional medicine to alleviate different ailments such as stomachaches, fever, and malaria.
Light Requirements
Paspalum wombaliense, also known as Wombali paspalum, prefers direct sunlight for optimal growth. It requires at least 6 hours of sunshine per day.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature for Paspalum wombaliense is between 20-30°C. Cooler temperatures below 15°C can cause leaf yellowing and damage, while temperatures above 35°C can induce dormancy or even plant death.
Soil Requirements
Wombali paspalum grows best in well-draining soil that has a pH range of 5.5-7.5. It can also tolerate salt, making it suitable for coastal regions. However, the soil should not be waterlogged, as it can lead to root rot and plant death.
Cultivation Methods
Paspalum wombaliense Vanderyst, commonly known as "Wombalia grass," is a warm-season perennial bunchgrass that grows well in tropical areas. It is a tough, coarse grass that can survive in a range of soil types and climatic conditions. The most reliable way to establish Wombalia grass is through vegetative propagation, by planting stem cuttings or sprigs in a well-prepared seedbed.
Watering Needs
Wombalia grass requires regular watering to thrive. During the establishment phase, you should water the grass regularly, ensuring that the topsoil remains moist until the roots start to grow. Once the grass is established, you will need to water it deeply and less often, preferably 1-2 times per week, depending on the weather conditions. However, always ensure that you do not overwater the grass, as this can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases.
Fertilization
Fertilization is essential to keep Wombalia grass healthy and growing vigorously. Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer that contains equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Apply the fertilizer according to the manufacturer's recommendations, but avoid over-fertilization, as this can cause the grass to become too lush and susceptible to pests and diseases.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for Wombalia grass as it is a low-maintenance turfgrass. However, if you notice any dead or diseased leaves or stems, you should remove them promptly to prevent the spread of diseases. Mow the grass regularly, keeping it at a height of approximately 2-3 inches. Avoid cutting the grass too short, as this can weaken the plant and make it more susceptible to diseases and pests.
Propagation of Paspalum wombaliense Vanderyst
Paspalum wombaliense Vanderyst is a perennial grass that is commonly known as Wombal grass. It is usually propagated through seeds, stem cuttings, and tiller division.
Propagation by seeds
Seeds of Paspalum wombaliense Vanderyst can be harvested from the mature seed heads. The seeds should be cleaned, dried, and stored in a cool and dry place for future use.
For propagation, the seeds can be sown directly into the soil or in trays germination. Sowing directly into the soil should be done at the onset of the rainy season when soil temperatures are optimal. The seeds should be sown at a depth of 1-2 cm and should be spaced about 10 cm apart. Germination usually occurs within two weeks.
Propagation by stem cuttings
Propagation by stem cuttings is a quick method for Paspalum wombaliense Vanderyst. Fresh stem cuttings about 10-15 cm long should be harvested and planted into the soil. The cuttings should be planted at a depth of about 2-3 cm. The soil should be kept moist, and rooted cuttings should be transplanted into a permanent site after about 8 weeks.
Propagation by tiller division
Propagation by tiller division involves dividing the parent plant into smaller pieces, each with at least one tiller. This method is appropriate for mature plants that have formed clumps. The clumps are dug up and divided into smaller sections, which are replanted into the soil. The soil should be kept moist, and newly planted sections should be protected from direct sunlight until they become established.
Disease and Pest Management for Paspalum Wombaliense Vanderyst
As with any plant, Paspalum wombaliense Vanderyst is susceptible to several diseases and pests that can damage or kill it. Here are some common problems associated with Paspalum wombaliense Vanderyst and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Fungal Leaf Spot Disease: This disease can cause brown spots on the plant's leaves that will eventually turn black and cause the leaves to fall off. To manage it, remove any infected leaves from the plant and avoid watering from above.
Anthracnose: This fungal disease causes the foliage to wilt and die off. The best way to manage anthracnose is to remove and properly dispose of infected plant materials and not to over-fertilize.
Gray Leaf Spot: This disease is characterized by grayish-brown spots that appear on the leaves. To manage it, remove infected leaves from the plant, and avoid watering from above.
Pests
Sod Webworms: These pests can cause extensive damage to the plant's leaves. To manage sod webworms, apply insecticide designed for turfgrass to the plant's leaves.
Chinch Bugs: These pests can also do considerable damage to the plant by sucking the sap from the leaves. To manage chinch bugs, apply an appropriate insecticide to the plant.
Armyworms: These pests can also cause serious damage to the plant by eating the leaves. To manage armyworms, apply insecticide designed for turfgrass to the plant's leaves.
