Overview of Parmotrema subsumptum (Nyl.) Hale
Parmotrema subsumptum (Nyl.) Hale is a type of lichen that belongs to the family Parmeliaceae. This plant is also known as Cecilia's Dust Lichen due to its discovery in Cecilia Creek, a tributary of the Umpqua River in Oregon. It thrives in cool and damp environments such as coniferous forests with high humidity.
Appearance of Parmotrema subsumptum (Nyl.) Hale
Parmotrema subsumptum has a unique and appealing appearance. The plant forms a rosette-like structure that can grow up to 10 cm in diameter. It features leaf-like lobes that overlap each other and a distinct white center. The upper side of the plant is pale gray-green, and the underside is black to brown in color. This lichen has a rubbery texture and is quite flexible, making it pliant when wet.
Uses of Parmotrema subsumptum (Nyl.) Hale
Like many other types of lichens, Parmotrema subsumptum has several uses. Indigenous communities have long used lichens for medicinal purposes such as treating burns, wounds, and respiratory problems. Parmotrema subsumptum, in particular, is used in some cultures for their antifungal and antibacterial properties. It is also used as a natural dye to produce shades of brown, pink, and yellow. Some scientific research has suggested that Parmotrema subsumptum could be used in the development of new drugs.
Conclusion
Parmotrema subsumptum is an intriguing plant with a unique appearance and medicinal properties. It is an important part of many ecosystems and has been used for various purposes throughout history. With its antibacterial and antifungal properties, it may have further potential in the field of medicine. Its distinct appearance also makes it a beautiful addition to any botanical collection or outdoor space.
Light Requirements
Parmotrema subsumptum is a photosynthetic plant, meaning it requires light to grow. However, it prefers partial shade and does not do well in direct sunlight. It is naturally found growing on the bark of trees or on rocks in shaded areas.
Temperature Requirements
Parmotrema subsumptum typically grows in cooler temperatures ranging from 10°C to 25°C (50°F to 77°F). It can tolerate occasional temperature drops, but it does not do well in hot and humid conditions.
Soil Requirements
As a lichen, Parmotrema subsumptum does not have traditional soil requirements. It does not have roots and absorbs nutrients and moisture through its thallus. It prefers rocky substrates or the bark of trees, where it can attach itself securely and absorb nutrients from the air and surrounding environment.
Overall, ensuring that Parmotrema subsumptum has access to a partially shaded environment, cooler temperatures, and a secure substrate for attachment is essential for its growth and health.
Cultivation methods
Parmotrema subsumptum is a type of lichen that grows attached to tree branches, rocks, and soil. These lichens commonly grow in tropical humid and moist habitats and tolerate low light levels. It is possible to cultivate this lichen in a greenhouse or terrarium with a similar environment to its natural habitat. Use a suitable substrate, such as tree bark, stone, or soil, and maintain high humidity levels and good air circulation to promote growth.
Watering needs
Since Parmotrema subsumptum is a type of lichen, it does not require regular watering like traditional plants. This lichen gets its moisture and nutrients from the surrounding air and substrate. However, it is vital to monitor moisture levels in the substrate medium to prevent it from drying out entirely. In the case of a terrarium, use a spray bottle to mist the surface of the lichen and its surroundings.
Fertilization
Lichens, including Parmotrema subsumptum, do not require any fertilization. These organisms are capable of performing photosynthesis, and their association with algae and fungi provides them with sufficient nutrients. Avoid adding any fertilizers or chemicals to the substrate to ensure the lichen's health.
Pruning
There is no need for pruning this type of lichen because it grows slowly and does not produce extensive foliage. However, it is essential to monitor its growth and ensure it doesn't overgrow on the substrate. It's easy to remove unwanted patches of lichen by gently pulling them off by hand or using a sharp blade to cut them off. However, always ensure to be gentle and not damage the substrate or nearby patches of lichen.
Propagation Methods of Parmotrema subsumptum (Nyl.) Hale
Propagation of Parmotrema subsumptum can be done through vegetative and asexual means. The following are the methods that can be used for propagating Parmotrema subsumptum.
Vegetative propagation
The vegetative propagation of Parmotrema subsumptum involves the fragmentation of the thalli or small pieces of the lichen being used to start new growth. The fragments must include an algal cell and a fungal cell. The fragments of thalli can be attached to new substrates using small amounts of an adhesive, such as a solution of cornstarch and water or gum arabic. After attachment, the thalli can be grown in their new location.
Asexual propagation
Asexual propagation of Parmotrema subsumptum is done by the use of soredia. Soredia are small, asexual propagules that are released from the lichen and can start new growth. These structures are made up of both fungal and algal cells and can be found on the surface of the thalli. To propagate Parmotrema subsumptum through soredia, they must be collected from mature lichen individuals and then introduced into a new growing area. Soredia must be handled carefully to avoid damage during transport.
Disease Management for Parmotrema subsumptum
Parmotrema subsumptum is a species of lichen that is generally quite resistant to disease. However, in certain conditions, particularly when the plant is stressed or growing in an area with heavy pollution, it may be susceptible to fungal and bacterial infections.
The best way to prevent disease in Parmotrema subsumptum is to maintain optimal growing conditions. This includes keeping the plant in a clean environment, providing sufficient sunlight, and avoiding overwatering. If you notice any signs of disease, such as discoloration or spots, remove the affected parts of the plant immediately and dispose of them away from other plants.
Pest Management for Parmotrema subsumptum
Like most lichens, Parmotrema subsumptum is not highly susceptible to pests. However, there are a few common pests that may infest this plant, including mites, scale insects, and mealybugs.
The best way to prevent pest infestations is to maintain a clean growing environment and healthy plant. Regularly check the plant for signs of pests, such as webbing or small insects, and remove any affected areas. In severe cases, you may need to use an insecticidal soap or oil to treat the infestation.
It is essential to note that lichens, including Parmotrema subsumptum, are susceptible to damage from air pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to plant this organism in an area with relatively clean air to avoid the negative effects of air pollution.
