Overview
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme is a perennial plant species that belongs to the family Botryococcaceae. The plant is also commonly known as Rusty-Leaved Parathelium.
Appearance
The plant has heart-shaped leaves with a rusty-brown color that has a leathery texture. Its stems are erect and bear brownish spike-like inflorescence. It typically grows up to a height of 60cm.
Origin
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme is native to Brazil but can also be found in other South American countries, including Peru, Bolivia, and Paraguay. This plant species typically grows in rocky or sandy soil.
Uses
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme is used for medicinal purposes in traditional Brazil medicine. The plant extract contains anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties that make it ideal for the treatment of various ailments like rheumatism and stomach problems.
The plant is also used in ornamental purposes due to its attractive rusty-brown colored leaves and its resistance to pests and drought.
Light Requirements
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme is a shade-loving plant that grows well in low-light conditions. Therefore, it should be planted in areas that receive indirect sunlight or partially shaded areas under trees or tall plants. This plant will suffer if exposed to direct sunlight for long periods, which can result in leaf scorching and browning.
Temperature Requirements
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme prefers warm temperatures between 20°C to 25°C. It can tolerate slightly lower temperatures, but frost should be avoided. Temperatures below 10°C can damage the plant, and prolonged exposure to these temperatures can be fatal. Therefore ensure to plant this species in temperate regions with moderate temperatures.
Soil Requirements
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme prefers well-draining soils with pH ranging between 5.5 to 6.5. It grows well in soils that are rich in organic matter and slightly acidic. To properly grow this species, you can amend the soil by adding garden compost or peat moss to increase moisture retention and nutrients. Avoid wet and waterlogged soils to prevent root rot problems.
Cultivation Methods
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme is a hardy plant that is suitable for both indoor and outdoor cultivation. If planting indoors, select a bright location that receives plenty of natural light throughout the day. Outdoor plantation requires a well-draining soil and partial shade, with a minimum temperature of 65°F.
The soil for growing Parathelium subferrugineum Malme should be moist and rich in organic matter. Best practice involves the incorporation of perlite, peat moss, and sand into the soil. This blend helps to improve soil texture and drainage, allowing the plant to grow healthy roots.
Watering Needs
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme requires regular watering, keeping the soil moist throughout the growing season. This plant does not thrive in standing water, so it's essential to maintain a well-drained soil. Overwatering can lead to root rot, which can harm the plant or cause it's death. The frequency and amount of watering may change depending on climatic changes and the plant's developmental stage.
Fertilization
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme thrives in well-fertilized soil. It's recommended to feed the plant with a balanced fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season. Using too much fertilizer can harm the plant, so ensure that the dose is appropriate. Be sure to follow the recommended guidelines for the fertilizer, and only use a readily available brand for optimum growth.
Pruning
Pruning Parathelium subferrugineum Malme is essential to maintain a healthy and vibrant plant. During the growing season, remove yellow or brown leaves as they inhibit healthy growth. When pruning, it's essential to avoid removing more than a third of the plant's leaves at once. This plant may also require staking to prevent drooping or breakage of the flowers.
Propagation of Parathelium subferrugineum Malme
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme is a relatively rare plant species and is not commercially propagated. However, it can be propagated by home gardeners through two primary methods:
Seed Propagation
Seeds can be used to propagate Parathelium subferrugineum Malme. The seeds should be sown during the spring or summer in well-draining soil with a pH level of 6 to 7.5. Since the seeds need light to germinate, they should only be lightly covered with soil and kept moist by misting them every day. It takes six to eight months for the seeds to germinate, and the seedlings need to be kept in a protected area until they are large enough to transplant.
Vegetative Propagation
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme can also be propagated vegetatively through stem cuttings. The cuttings should be taken from healthy, young shoots, and the leaves should be removed from the lower third of the stem. The cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone and placed in well-draining soil or a potting mix. The soil should be kept moist, but the cuttings should not be overwatered. It takes approximately four to six weeks for the cuttings to root, and they can be transplanted once they have developed a strong root system.
Disease and Pest Management for Parathelium subferrugineum Malme
Parathelium subferrugineum Malme, commonly known as Rusty-leaved Alumroot, is a beautiful perennial plant that belongs to the family of Saxifragaceae. It is a hardy plant that can withstand various environmental conditions. However, like any other plant, it can be susceptible to diseases and pests. Below are some common diseases and pests that might affect Parathelium subferrugineum Malme and some ways to manage them:
Diseases That Affect Parathelium subferrugineum Malme
Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew is a common fungal disease that affects many plants, including Parathelium subferrugineum Malme. The disease appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves, stems, and flowers. It can be managed by removing the affected leaves and improving air circulation around the plant. Applying fungicides can also help prevent powdery mildew.
Rust: Rust is another fungal disease that affects Parathelium subferrugineum Malme. It appears as orange or yellow spots on the leaves, which eventually turn brown and fall off. Rust can be prevented by practicing good garden hygiene, removing affected leaves, and applying fungicides.
Pests That Affect Parathelium subferrugineum Malme
Aphids: Aphids are small insects that feed on the sap of plants and can be detrimental to Parathelium subferrugineum Malme. They can cause stunted growth, yellow leaves, and a decrease in flower production. Aphids can be managed by washing the leaves with a strong stream of water or applying insecticidal soap.
Slugs and Snails: Slugs and snails can be a problem for Parathelium subferrugineum Malme, especially in damp conditions. They chew on the leaves, stems, and flowers, leaving large holes. Slugs and snails can be managed by placing traps around the plant and removing them by hand. Copper tape or copper wire can also be applied around the plant to repel the pests.
By following these management practices, you can avoid the common diseases and pests that affect Parathelium subferrugineum Malme and enjoy its beauty all year round.
