Origin and Common Names
Panicum elongatum Mez, commonly known as Tall tumblegrass, is a perennial plant that has its origins in Brazil. The plant belongs to the Panicum species of the Poaceae family. The species has two recognized subspecies: Panicum elongatum subsp. elongatum and Panicum elongatum subsp. transiens.
Appearance
The plant is a tall, coarse grass that can grow up to 200 cm in height. It has ascending, scabrous culms that are often branched near the base. The leaves are flat, linear-elliptic in shape, and can grow up to 60 cm long and 30 mm wide. The inflorescence is a panicle, and the spikelets are arranged in loose clusters of 2-7.
Uses
The Panicum elongatum Mez plant has various uses. It is used for erosion control due to its deep roots that hold soil together. The plant also has some medicinal properties and is used to treat stomach disorders and infections. In addition to that, the grass is used as fodder for livestock. The grass is palatable and highly nutritious for animals. The plant is preferred by farmers because it is drought-resistant, grows fast and can withstand heavy grazing pressure.
Light Requirements
Panicum elongatum Mez thrives in full sunlight. It requires at least six hours of sunlight each day to grow properly. In areas where the sun is not abundant, it is best to grow this plant in areas where it can receive full morning sun and partial afternoon sun.
Temperature Requirements
Temperature is an essential factor for the growth of Panicum elongatum Mez. This plant is hardy to USDA hardiness zones 8-11, and it prefers warm temperatures ranging from 65-85°F (18-30°C). It cannot tolerate frost, and planting should be postponed until the temperature remains consistently above 60°F (15°C).
Soil Requirements
Panicum elongatum Mez grows best in well-draining soils with a pH range of 6.8 to 8.5. Sandy loam or loamy sand soils are ideal for this plant. Soil fertility is also essential, and the addition of compost or other organic matter can improve soil fertility. The plant can tolerate slightly saline soils but cannot survive in highly saline soils. It should be planted in areas where there is good air circulation to prevent fungal growth and disease.
Cultivation of Panicum elongatum Mez
Panicum elongatum Mez, commonly known as Thin-panic grass, is a warm-season grass that thrives in well-drained soils with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.5. It is a perennial grass that is cold tolerant but cannot withstand waterlogging. The grass grows well in full sun and can survive drought, making it an excellent choice for pastures, lawns, and ornamental landscaping.
Watering Needs
Thin-Panic grass needs to be watered regularly for optimum growth, especially during periods of prolonged drought. In the absence of rainfall, one inch of water per week is sufficient, either through watering or rainfall. However, care should be taken not to overwater as it can lead to root rot or stunted growth due to waterlogged soil.
Fertilization
Adequate fertilization enhances the growth and quality of Panicum elongatum Mez. A soil test is recommended to determine the nutrients needed and the appropriate amount of fertilizer application. However, an application of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) is vital during establishment and growth. Apply nitrogen at a rate of 120-150 lb/Acre, Phosphorus at 40-60 lb/Acre and Potassium at 50-70 lb/Acre.
Pruning
Panicum elongatum is considered a low maintenance grass. However, yearly pruning is necessary to remove dead, damaged, or overgrown parts of the plant, preferably in late winter or early spring to promote new growth. The grass should be left to grow up to 12-24 inches before pruning, cutting down to 2-3 inches from the ground.
Propagation of Panicum elongatum Mez
Panicum elongatum Mez, commonly known as slender panicgrass, is a warm-season perennial grass species that is native to Southeastern United States and Mexico. This plant is widely used for forage production and as an ornamental grass, due to its bright blue-green foliage and tall stature.
Propagation Method
The most common propagation method for Panicum elongatum Mez is through seed.
Seed Collection
Seeds should be collected from mature plants when the seed heads turn brown and start to shatter. It is important to collect the seeds before they are lost, as this plant species has poor seed retention.
Seed Pretreatment
Before planting, the seeds should be cleaned and pretreated to break through the hard seed coat and improve germination rates. This can be achieved through mechanical scarification, chemical scarification, or hot water treatment.
Planting
Seeds should be planted in a well-drained soil in early spring or late summer. The optimal depth for planting is ¼ inch. The plants should be kept well-watered until established and can tolerate drought conditions once established.
Division
In addition to seed propagation, Panicum elongatum Mez can also be propagated through division. This involves digging up established plants and dividing the clumps into smaller sections, which can then be replanted. Division is best done in early spring.
Disease and Pest Management for Panicum elongatum Mez Plant
Panicum elongatum Mez, commonly known as Thinflower Panicgrass, is a drought-tolerant, warm-season perennial grass frequently used for forage. However, the plant is susceptible to some diseases and pests that might affect its production and growth. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Common Diseases
Fungal Leaf Spots: Leaf spots caused by fungal infections could lead to discoloration and this often increases the likelihood of loss of leaves and fall. The plant is vulnerable to different types of fungi infections that could cause leaf spot. To prevent the infestation of fungi, the grower should ensure the plant's surroundings are clean and dry. Infected plants should be removed and destroyed immediately to prevent the fungi from spreading.
Crown & Root Rot: Crown and root rot is a disease that results due to poor drainage and saturation. The stems close to the ground might soften, and eventually, the plant might start to wilt and die. One way to prevent this disease is by planting the crop in well-drained soil with proper air circulation. Avoid over-watering the plant and provide the plant with enough nutrients to strengthen it and give it immunity against the disease. Infected plants should be removed and destroyed immediately.
Common Pests
Fall Armyworms: Fall armyworms are common pests of plants from the grass family. They are mostly attracted to young plants, which might lead to their stunted growth. The worms chew on the leaves and stems while the damage leads to severe yield loss. Growers must ensure they use pesticides to protect their plantation from fall armyworms. Birds could also help to find and eat these worms
Sugar Cane Aphids: These aphids use their piercing mouthpieces to extract sap from the plant, which might cause discoloration, wilt, and death. Infected plants should be controlled with pesticides, and regular inspection must be carried out to check for infestation. Sugar cane aphids are well-known and often thrive during late summer and early fall.
A grower must ensure a clean environment and proper growing conditions. By practicing proper agronomy and using the proper pesticides, a grower can protect the crop from diseases and pests, thus reducing the loss in yield.
