Origin of Pachystigma Schumannianum
Pachystigma Schumannianum (Robyns) Bridson & Verdc. subsp. schumannianum is a plant that is believed to have originated from Central Africa, specifically from Tanzania and Malawi. The subspecies name honors Carl schumann, a botanist who worked extensively in Africa.
Common Names of Pachystigma Schumannianum
The plant is commonly known by its scientific name. However, it is also referred to as the coast maytenus, African wild olive, or umflazi.
Uses of Pachystigma Schumannianum
The Pachystigma Schumannianum is commonly used in traditional African medicine. It is believed to have anti-microbial properties and is used to treat a wide range of ailments such as stomach problems, fever, and coughs.
The bark of the tree can also be used to make durable ropes and woven baskets. The plant also provides shelter and food for birds and other animals.
General Appearance of Pachystigma Schumannianum
The Pachystigma Schumannianum subsp. schumannianum is a small tree or large shrub that can grow up to 8 meters tall. It has evergreen leaves that are glossy and leathery, with a length of up to 9 cm and a width of up to 4 cm. The leaves are dark green on the upper surface and have a yellow-green lower surface.
The tree has a slender trunk and a dense crown. The bark of the trunk is grey, smooth, and has rough patches. The flowers are small and inconspicuous, and the fruit is a small red drupe that is up to 1 cm in diameter.
Overall, Pachystigma Schumannianum is a versatile plant with many uses and benefits both to humans and the ecosystem in which it grows.
hereLight Requirements
Pachystigma schumannianum generally thrives in moderate light conditions. Too much direct sunlight can scorch the leaves, but too little light can stunt growth. These plants can be grown indoors or outdoors, but if they are grown inside, it is essential to place them in an area with sufficient natural light or under fluorescent lighting.
Temperature Requirements
Pachystigma schumannianum is well-suited to warm temperature ranges, thriving in temperatures between 18 to 30°C (65 to 85°F). These plants cannot tolerate extreme cold or frost, making them unsuitable for regions with freezing temperatures. It's a good idea to keep them in a temperature-controlled environment or indoors in colder climates.
Soil Requirements
The Pachystigma schumannianum requires well-draining soil to prevent water-logging and root rot. A soil mixture consisting of peat moss, perlite, and coarse sand is preferred. They prefer a slightly acidic soil with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5. Adding organic matter to the soil can help improve the soil structure and nutrient levels.
Water Requirements
Pachystigma schumannianum thrives in a moist but well-draining soil environment. These plants require regular watering, but over-watering leads to root-rot. Thus, it is essential to ensure proper drainage and avoid waterlogged soil. In general, the plant should be watered every time the soil dries out, but this frequency might vary depending on the climate and humidity levels.
Cultivation methods
Pachystigma schumannianum (Robyns) Bridson & Verdc. subsp. schumannianum, commonly known as Pachystigma, is a herbaceous plant that requires well-drained soil to thrive. It can be planted in full sunlight or partial shade, and it grows best in warm temperatures ranging between 18 to 27 °C. Pachystigma is a low maintenance plant that can grow up to 60 cm tall.
Watering needs
Pachystigma requires regular watering to keep the soil moist, but not waterlogged. In hot and dry weather, the plant may require frequent watering to prevent the soil from drying out. Watering the plant in the morning is ideal as it will allow the leaves to dry out during the day, preventing the growth of mold or fungus.
Fertilization
Pachystigma can benefit from regular fertilization during the growing season, which is typically from spring to summer. A balanced fertilizer with an equal ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is ideal. Fertilizer can be applied every two to three weeks, according to the package instructions, to promote healthy growth and flowering.
Pruning
Pachystigma requires minimal pruning. Deadheading or removing spent flowers can promote the growth of new blooms. The plant may benefit from a light trim after flowering to keep it from becoming too leggy. However, avoid pruning the plant excessively as it may reduce the number of flowers it produces the following year.
Propagation of Pachystigma schumannianum subsp. schumannianum
There are different methods for propagating Pachystigma schumannianum subsp. schumannianum. The most common ones are through seed propagation, division, and stem cutting propagation.
Seed propagation
Pachystigma schumannianum subsp. schumannianum can be propagated through seeds. Collect mature seeds from the plant and sow them in a well-drained soil mixture. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of the soil mixture and water them gently. Keep the seeds in a warm and moist place until they germinate. Once the seedlings have developed a few leaves, transplant them to individual containers.
Division
Another method of propagation is through division. This is recommended for plants that are becoming too large for their current pot. Remove the plant from the pot and gently separate the roots into two or more portions. Each portion should have a good amount of roots and leaves. Plant each portion in individual pots with a well-drained soil mixture and water them. Keep them in a warm and moist place until they establish and develop new growth.
Stem cutting propagation
Pachystigma schumannianum subsp. schumannianum can also be propagated through stem cutting. Select a healthy stem, remove the leaves from the lower part, and dip the end in rooting hormone. Plant the stem in a well-drained soil mixture and water it. Keep the cutting in a warm and moist place until it develops new roots, and transfer it to an individual pot.
Disease and Pest Management for Pachystigma schumannianum
Pachystigma schumannianum is a hardy plant, but like any other plant species, it can also fall prey to diseases and pests. Below are common diseases and pests that might affect P. schumannianum, along with suggestions on how to manage them effectively.
Diseases
Leaf Spot - This disease is caused by a fungus and can be identified by black or brown spots on the leaves of the plant. To control this disease, remove all infected leaves and dispose of them properly. Avoid watering from the top to prevent the water from splashing from leaf to leaf. You can also apply a fungicide to the infected plant.
Crown Rot - This is a fungal disease that attacks the base of the stem of the plant, causing it to rot. To manage crown rot, remove the affected plant and the soil around it, and dispose of them properly. Replace the soil with a new one, treat it with a fungicide, and ensure that you provide proper drainage to avoid waterlogging.
Pests
Mealybugs - These pests feed on the sap of plants leaving them weak and stunted. You can control mealybugs by spraying the infected plant with a solution of water and insecticidal soap. Use a cotton swab with rubbing alcohol to remove them if they are in concentrated areas.
Spider Mites - These are tiny mites that love hot and dry conditions. They feed on the underside of the leaves. To control spider mites, regularly spray the leaves of the plant with water. Applying insecticidal soap or neem oil can also be effective.
Scale Insects - These pests can cause the plant to be weakened and yellow. They exude a sweet substance called honeydew which attracts ants. To control scale insects, you can scrape them off gently with a soft brush or cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. Insecticidal soap can also be applied.
Overall, always monitor P. Schumannianum for any signs of diseases or pests. Early detection and prompt control measures will prevent the problem from spreading and save your plant. Remember, prevention is the key to maintaining a healthy plant.
