Origin
Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides is a member of the family Oxalidaceae, also known as wood-sorrels. The plant is native to South Africa, where it can be found growing in the Western Cape Province.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known as the Spiral Sorrel or Spring-Spiral Oxalis.
General Appearance
Oxalis helicoides var. helicoides is a small, herbaceous plant that grows from a corm. The leaves, which grow in a rosette, are bright green and have a distinctive spiral shape. The flowers are small and white or pinkish-red, with five petals and yellow centers. The plant typically reaches heights of 3-6 inches (8-15 cm).
Uses
The Spiral Sorrel is often grown as an ornamental plant for its unique spiral foliage and pretty flowers. It is also sometimes used in traditional African medicine for its purported medicinal properties, including its ability to treat coughs and other respiratory ailments.
Light Requirements
Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides typically prefers partial to full shade but can also tolerate some direct sunlight exposure. In areas with too much direct sunlight, the plant may scorch or wilt easily. It is best to provide bright but filtered light by placing the plant near an east or west-facing window.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for the growth and development of Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides is between 65°F to 85°F (18°C to 29°C) during the day and around 60°F (15°C) at night. Avoid exposing it to temperatures below 50°F (10°C) or higher than 90°F (32°C) as this may hamper the plant's growth and development.
Soil Requirements
The ideal soil conditions for Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides is well-draining and rich in organic matter. A mixture of equal parts peat moss and sand is a great option for this plant. Ensure that the soil is kept moist but not waterlogged most of the time. The pH of the soil should be slightly acidic, around 5.5 to 6.5, for optimal growth and development of this plant.
Cultivation methods
The plant Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides is a hardy succulent perennial that thrives in well-drained soils. This plant prefers a sunny location but can tolerate partial shade. It can be grown in pots or directly in the ground. The plant reproduces by seeds, and it is essential to note that it is a slow-growing plant.
Watering needs
It is important to allow the soil to dry out between watering. Overwatering can lead to root rot, which can kill the plant. During the growing period, which is from spring to fall, the plant should be watered more frequently than in winter. It is also essential to avoid watering the leaves, as this can lead to leaf spotting.
Fertilization
The plant Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides does not require regular fertilization. A balanced fertilizer can be applied once every two months during the growing period. It is crucial to follow the manufacturer's instructions, as over-fertilization can harm the plant.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for this plant; however, if necessary, it can be done during the dormant period, which is in winter. Only dead, damaged, or diseased leaves or stems should be removed. It is important to use sharp and sterile pruning tools to avoid injuring the plant.
Propagation of Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides
Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides, commonly known as the twisted sorrel, is a beautiful and easy-to-grow plant. It can be propagated by several methods, including seeds, division, and stem cuttings.
Propagation by seeds
To propagate Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides by seeds, collect the seeds from mature plants once the seed pods have dried and turned brown. Sow the seeds in a well-draining potting mix and cover them lightly with soil. Keep the soil moist and place the pot in a warm, bright location. The seeds should germinate within two to four weeks.
Propagation by division
Another way to propagate Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides is through division. Simply dig up the mother plant and separate it into smaller sections, making sure each section has healthy roots. Replant the divisions in new pots or in different locations in the garden. Water thoroughly and keep the soil moist until the plants are established.
Propagation by stem cuttings
Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides can also be propagated by stem cuttings. Take stem cuttings from the mother plant, making sure they are at least 2-3 inches long and have several leaves. Remove the leaves from the bottom half of the stem cutting and dip the end in rooting hormone. Plant the cutting in a well-draining potting mix and keep the soil moist. Place the pot in a bright, warm location. The cuttings should root within 2-3 weeks.
Disease Management
Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides plants are relatively resistant to diseases. However, if not grown under proper conditions, they may be susceptible to some fungal and bacterial diseases. The most common diseases that affect these plants include:
- Leaf spot: Caused by fungus, it appears as brown or black spots on leaves. It can be managed by removing infected leaves and improving air circulation around the plant to avoid high humidity.
- Root rot: Caused by overwatering and poor drainage, it leads to the rotting of roots and the plant's eventual death. It can be prevented by ensuring the plant's soil is well-drained and watering it only when necessary.
- Powdery mildew: Caused by the fungus, it appears as white powder-like substance on leaves, stems, and flowers. It can be managed by improving air circulation, reducing humidity, and providing adequate sunlight.
Pest Management
Oxalis helicoides T.M.Salter var. helicoides plants are not commonly affected by pests. However, if not grown under proper conditions, they may be vulnerable to some pests, as mentioned below:
- Spider mites: These pests are tiny and can be identified by the small spider webs they leave on plants. They suck plant sap, leading to yellowing of leaves. They can be managed by washing the plant regularly with water or spraying it with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Aphids: These are small, green insects that suck plant sap from leaves and stems. They can be managed by increasing the population of natural predators such as ladybugs or spraying the plant with insecticidal soap.
- Thrips: These are tiny insects that leave scars on leaves and flowers. They can be managed by introducing natural predators, such as predatory mites, or by spraying the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
