Overview
Oxalis frutescens, commonly known as the shrubby woodsorrel, is a plant that belongs to the Oxalidaceae family. It is a perennial herb that is native to South America, specifically in the Andes Mountains. This plant produces an abundance of flowers and is often used as an ornamental plant.
Common Names
The Oxalis frutescens is known by several names, including 'shrubby woodsorrel,' 'Andean wood-sorrel,' 'yellow shamrock,' and 'golden sorrel.'
Uses
The Oxalis frutescens has several uses, including:
- Ornamental purposes - The plant is commonly used as an ornamental plant due to its abundance of yellow flowers
- Food - The leaves and bulbs of the plant are edible, and they are often used in salads or cooked as a vegetable.
- Medicinal - The plant has been used in traditional medicine for centuries to treat a range of ailments, including stomach aches, fever, and sore throat.
General Appearance
The Oxalis frutescens is a small shrub that can grow up to 1-meter tall. It has woody stems that are covered with small leaves that are bright green in color, with a distinctive sour taste. The plant produces an abundance of yellow flowers that have five petals and a bright orange-yellow center. The flowers bloom in the summer, and the plant requires full sun to partial shade to grow successfully.
Light Requirements
Oxalis frutescens needs bright but indirect light to thrive. Direct sunlight can scorch the leaves, causing extensive damage to the plant. Therefore, it is best to place the plant in a location where it can receive filtered or partial sunlight throughout the day. Inadequate light may cause the leaves to lose their vibrant color, and the plant may stop blooming.
Temperature Requirements
Oxalis frutescens prefers a moderate temperature range of 65-75°F (18-24°C). It can survive in high temperatures up to 90°F (32°C), but extreme heat may reduce the plant's growth rate and cause leaf drop. The plant cannot tolerate freezing temperatures, and it may die if exposed to temperatures below 50°F (10°C) for an extended period.
Soil Requirements
Oxalis frutescens requires well-draining soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH range between 5.5-7.0. The soil should be rich in organic matter, with good moisture retention capacity. It is essential to avoid waterlogged soil as it can cause root rot, leading to the plant's death. A mixture of peat moss and perlite or sand can be added to the soil to improve drainage and aeration.
Cultivation Methods for Oxalis Frutescens
Oxalis frutescens are primarily grown in containers, especially hanging baskets that allow its small, cascading foliage to spill over the sides. It is recommended to use a well-draining, rich soil mix.
Planting should be done in the spring to early summer months. In terms of lighting, Oxalis frutescens prefer direct sunlight, but they can also thrive in partial shade conditions.
It is essential to keep the plant away from strong wind currents as they can damage its delicate foliage. Keeping the plant in a place with steady temperatures, particularly during the nighttime, is also crucial for its growth.
Watering Needs for Oxalis Frutescens
Water needs for Oxalis frutescens vary depending on the environment and weather conditions. Generally, it is recommended that the soil should remain moist but not waterlogged.
The frequency of watering should decrease during the winter, given the plant's dormancy period. A helpful tip is to allow the top inch of soil to dry before the next watering cycle. Also, watering should be done at the base of the plant to avoid wetting its delicate foliage entirely.
Fertilization of Oxalis Frutescens
While Oxalis frutescens does not require intense feeding, supplementing it with a balanced liquid fertilizer once a month during the spring and summer months can help boost growth.
Avoid fertilizing during the winter to prevent overfertilization, which can damage the plant's health. Always follow the given instruction on the fertilizer label and adjust accordingly to the plant's needs.
Pruning of Oxalis Frutescens
Regular pruning is recommended to keep the plant neat and to prevent its foliage from becoming excessively leggy. Pruning should be done during the dormant winter period and should consist of removing any dead or damaged foliage while retaining the healthy one.
Pruning during the growth period should only be done to remove yellowing leaves or cut back on any leggy growths to encourage bushier growth. The plant should be cut back by half, leaving enough foliage to sustain photosynthesis and ensure adequate energy storage for the plant's regrowth.
Propagation methods for Oxalis frutescens
Oxalis frutescens is a popular plant grown for its attractive foliage and bright, showy flowers. If you are looking to multiply your collection, propagating your plant is an easy and effective method.
Propagation by division
One of the most common ways to propagate Oxalis frutescens is by dividing the plant. To do so, choose a full-grown plant and carefully dig up the roots. Identify where the separate plant stems arise from the root system, and gently separate the individual stems from the base. Make sure each stem has a healthy root system and leaves. Plant each stem individually in a new pot filled with fresh potting soil. Water the newly planted stems and place them in a well-lit area, but not in direct sunlight.
Propagation by cuttings
Another effective means of propagating Oxalis frutescens is by using stem cuttings. Choose a healthy stem, without flower buds, and cut a section of about 10cm. Cut off the lower leaves of the cutting and dip the bottom in rooting hormone powder. Plant the cutting in a small pot filled with damp soil. Keep the cutting humid by covering it with a plastic bag, secured by a rubber band. Place the pot in a bright, but not direct, sunlight and keep the soil moist. After a few weeks, check if the cutting has taken root by gently tugging on the plant owner. If it resists your pull that shows that roots are forming. When the roots are well grown, then the propagate will be ready to be transplanted in a large pot.
Propagation by bulbs
Oxalis frutescens propagates by bulbs too. The plant creates small bulbs that can be separated and planted on their own. Once the plant has finished flowering, the bulb will have dried up. Gently extract the bulbs and plant them in a small pot. Make sure that the soil is damp. Place the pots in a shady spot, the bulbs will soon sprout, and you can transfer them to a larger pot, once the plant is established well.
Disease and Pest Management for Oxalis Frutescens
Oxalis frutescens, commonly known as the shrubby wood sorrel, is a beautiful indoor and outdoor plant that requires proper care to thrive. One of the crucial aspects of taking care of this plant is preventing and managing diseases and pests.
Common Diseases
The following are some of the common diseases that can affect Oxalis frutescens:
Fungal leaf spots
Fungal leaf spots are common on Oxalis frutescens, and they can appear as small, brown or dark spots on leaves. To control and prevent fungal leaf spots, avoid spraying water on leaves and ensure that the plant is grown in well-draining soil.
Powdery mildew
Powdery mildew is a common fungal disease that affects Oxalis frutescens. It appears as white or grayish powder on leaves. To prevent powdery mildew, ensure that the plant is grown in well-ventilated areas, and avoid overhead watering. If powdery mildew is already present, use a fungicide or a mixture of milk and water to manage the disease.
Common Pests
The following are some of the common pests that can affect Oxalis frutescens:
Spider mites
Spider mites are a common pest that can cause severe damage to Oxalis frutescens. These pests appear as tiny spider-like insects on the underside of leaves. To prevent spider mites, ensure that the plant is grown in humid areas, and spray water on leaves regularly to keep them clean. If spider mites are already present, use insecticidal soap or neem oil to manage the infestation.
Mealybugs
Mealybugs are another common pest that can affect Oxalis frutescens. They appear as small, white, cotton-like insects on leaves. To prevent mealybugs, ensure that the plant is grown in well-ventilated areas, and avoid over-fertilizing the plant. If mealybugs are already present, use a mixture of water and rubbing alcohol to manage the infestation.
These are some of the common diseases and pests that can affect Oxalis frutescens. By taking proper care of the plant and taking necessary steps to prevent and manage these issues, you can keep Oxalis frutescens healthy and thriving.
