Overview of Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles
Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles, commonly known as the West Florida wood-sorrel, is a herbaceous perennial plant native to the southeastern United States, particularly the Gulf coastal plain from Louisiana to Florida. It belongs to the family Oxalidaceae and is a close relative of the common wood-sorrel. This plant thrives in a variety of habitats, including open woods, forest edges, and disturbed areas, and is known to have a number of uses.
General Appearance
Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles is a low-growing plant that typically measures between 5-20 cm in height. It has a fibrous root system and spreads through underground rhizomes. The leaves are trifoliate, meaning they are composed of three leaflets. Each leaflet is broadly obovate to lunate, measuring between 1-3 cm long and wide. The leaf color ranges from green to yellow-green, with a smooth and soft texture. The flowers are produced on slender, naked stems that stand above the foliage. They are typically white or pink, with five petals that measure between 0.5-1.5 cm long. The flowers bloom from March to September, and the fruit is a capsule that contains several seeds.
Common Names
Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles is commonly known as the West Florida wood-sorrel. Other common names that may refer to this plant include piney woods wood-sorrel, sandhill wood-sorrel, and pinebarren oxalis.
Uses
Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles has been historically used for medicinal and culinary purposes. The leaves are edible, with a sour and slightly lemony taste, and can be consumed raw or cooked. The plant contains oxalic acid, which can be toxic in large quantities, so it should be consumed in moderation. The plant has also been used by indigenous peoples as a treatment for various ailments, including fever, indigestion, and respiratory issues.
In addition to its traditional uses, Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles is also an attractive plant for home gardens. It can be used as a ground cover or border plant, as well as in rock gardens and containers. Its delicate foliage and colorful blooms make it a popular choice for landscaping projects.
Light Requirements
Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles grows best in bright, indirect light. Direct sunlight can scorch the leaves of the plant, so it is recommended to place it in an area where it can receive filtered or partial sun.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles is between 60°F and 75°F (15°C–23°C). The plant can tolerate slightly cooler temperatures, but it is important to protect it from frost and extreme heat. Lower temperatures and shorter daylight hours tend to trigger dormancy in this plant.
Soil Requirements
Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles prefers a well-draining potting mix. A soil mix that contains peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite is ideal. The plant requires consistent moisture, but the soil should not be kept too wet as this can lead to root rot. It is important to allow the top layer of soil to dry out slightly before watering again.
Cultivation methods
Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles, commonly known as Pink Woodsorrel, is known for its attractive pink flowers and clover-like leaves. To cultivate this plant successfully, it is crucial to note that it prefers loamy soil rich in organic matter. The plant thrives in partial shade or full sunlight and is suitable for growing in containers or as a ground cover.
Ensure that the soil is well-drained and water the plant when the top two inches of soil feel dry to touch. The plant is hardy in USDA zones 5-9 and requires protection from frost in winter. Propagation can be done through rhizome division in early spring or through sowing seeds in late summer.
Watering needs
The Pink Woodsorrel requires moderate watering. Water the plant when the top two inches of soil are dry to the touch. Over-watering can lead to root rot, and under-watering can cause the leaves to wilt and turn yellow. Ensure that the soil is well-draining to prevent waterlogging.
Fertilization
Fertilize the Pink Woodsorrel plant with a well-balanced fertilizer during the growing season. Apply the fertilizer every two to three months, starting from early spring until the end of summer. Avoid over-fertilization as it can lead to excessive leaf growth at the expense of flower production.
Pruning
Deadhead the faded flowers regularly to extend the blooming period. Prune the plant back after flowering to encourage bushier growth. Pinch back the stem tips to promote branching. Remove any yellow or damaged leaves to prevent disease and maintain the plant's appearance.
Propagation of Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles
The Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles, commonly known as the Florida wood sorrel, can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings, and division.
Seed propagation
The Florida wood sorrel produces small seed pods after flowering. These seed pods can be collected and stored in a cool, dry place until planting. To increase germination rates, it is recommended to scarify the seed coat before planting. This can be done by rubbing the seed with sandpaper or nicking it with a knife. Sow the seeds in a well-draining potting mix and cover lightly with soil. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged and place the container in a bright, warm location. Germination usually occurs within two weeks.
Stem cutting propagation
Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles can also be propagated by stem cuttings. Simply cut a healthy stem from the parent plant, making sure it is at least 3 inches long with several leaves attached. Remove the leaves from the bottom half of the stem and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the stem cutting in a well-draining potting mix and keep it moist. Place the container in a bright, warm location. Rooting should occur within 2 to 4 weeks.
Division propagation
Florida wood sorrel can also be propagated through division. Dig up the parent plant and carefully separate the clumps into sections. Make sure each section has several roots and shoots. Replant each section into a new container filled with fresh potting mix. Water thoroughly and place in a bright, warm location.
Disease and Pest Management for Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes (Small) Ahles
Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes is a beautiful and hardy plant. However, it is not immune to diseases and pests. Here are some common diseases and pests that may affect the plant and some ways to manage them:
Diseases
Fungal leaf spots: These are caused by fungi and can cause yellow or brown spots on the leaves. To manage this, remove infected leaves, avoid overhead watering, and make sure the plant has good air circulation.
Rust: Rust is a fungal disease that can cause yellow or brown spots on the leaves and stems of the plant. To manage rust, remove infected leaves and avoid overhead watering. You can also apply a fungicide if the problem persists.
Root rot: Root rot is caused by overwatering and poor drainage. To manage this, remove infected plants, improve drainage, and allow the soil to dry out between watering.
Pests
Spider mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that can cause yellowing and stippling of the leaves. To manage these pests, remove infected leaves and apply insecticidal soap and/or neem oil.
Aphids: Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that can cause curling and yellowing of the leaves. To manage these pests, remove infected leaves and apply insecticidal soap and/or neem oil.
Slugs and snails: Slugs and snails can cause physical damage to the plant. To manage these pests, remove them by hand, apply slug bait, or create barriers around the plant with materials such as copper tape or diatomaceous earth.
By being vigilant and taking preventative measures, you can help keep your Oxalis florida Salisb. var. filipes healthy and beautiful.
