Overview
Oxalis exserta T.M.Salter is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the Oxalidaceae family. This plant is known for its unique clusters of bright pink flowers that bloom in late spring and early summer.
Origin and Common Names
Oxalis exserta T.M.Salter is native to the Western Cape region of South Africa and is commonly known as the "Pink Sorrel" or "Witsooien" in Afrikaans. In South Africa, the plant is commonly used as a traditional medicine for treating various ailments, including colds and fevers.
Uses
Oxalis exserta T.M.Salter is widely used as an ornamental plant for its attractive, bright pink flowers. It is popularly used in rock gardens, borders, and containers. In traditional medicine, the plant is used to treat various ailments, including diarrhea, fever, and skin irritations. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support its medicinal uses.
General Appearance
Oxalis exserta T.M.Salter has a small, bulbous base that produces small, heart-shaped, light green leaves. The leaves are arranged alternately and have three lobes. The plant grows up to 15cm high and produces clusters of bright pink flowers that bloom in late spring and early summer. The flowers have five petals and are approximately 10mm in diameter.
Light Requirements
The Oxalis exserta T.M.Salter plant requires bright and indirect sunlight to grow well. It is best grown in partially shaded areas where the plant is exposed to bright light but not harsh direct sunlight. Exposing the plant to direct sunlight for prolonged periods may lead to sunburn and damage to the plant leaves. Therefore, it is recommended to grow them indoors or in areas with filtered light.
Temperature Requirements
The plant can grow in temperatures ranging from 60°F to 70°F (15°C to 21°C), making it suitable for growth in most environments. However, the plant doesn't thrive in extreme temperatures and requires protection from cold drafts and excessive heat. Keeping the plant in a suitable temperature range ensures healthy growth and development.
Soil Requirements
The Oxalis exserta T.M.Salter plant requires well-draining soil to prevent root rot. The soil should be slightly acidic with a pH level of 6.0 to 6.5. A soil mix consisting of peat moss, perlite, and sand is ideal for optimal growth. The plant prefers a slightly moist soil environment, so it is recommended to water it periodically, ensuring that the soil is not waterlogged. Paying attention to the soil condition and proper watering ensures the plant's longevity and healthy growth.
Cultivation methods
The optimal conditions for growing Oxalis exserta are in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. This plant needs partial shade to full sun, and the temperature range should be between 60 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit. It is drought-tolerant but should be watered regularly to maintain soil moisture.
Watering Needs
It is essential to keep the soil moist but not overwater the plant. Overwatering can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases. Watering the Oxalis exserta deeply once a week is sufficient, but the frequency can be increased during hot and dry seasons. It is recommended that you water the plant using a watering can or a hose so that the water reaches deep into the soil.
Fertilization
Fertilizing the Oxalis exserta every 4-6 weeks with a balanced fertilizer, diluted at half strength, can significantly enhance the growth and flowering of the plant. The best time to fertilize is during the growing season, which is from spring to early fall. Do not fertilize during the winter season when the plant is dormant.
Pruning
Oxalis exserta does not require any cutting or trimming unless there are diseased, damaged, or dead leaves. Removing these leaves regularly can prevent the spread of diseases and maintain the plant's appearance and health. Additionally, Oxalis exserta can self-seed if left to its own devices. If you do not want it to spread excessively, remove any seed pods as soon as they appear.
Propagation of Oxalis exserta T.M.Salter
Oxalis exserta, commonly known as the creeping wood sorrel, is propagated mainly by the means of seeds and division of bulbs or rhizomes.
Seed Propagation
The seeds of Oxalis exserta are small and numerous, and they can be sown either indoors or directly in the garden soil. If planning to start indoors, the seeds should be sown in flats filled with well-draining soil mix. The seeds should be covered lightly with soil and kept moist until they germinate.
Once the seedlings have grown a couple of sets of true leaves, they can be transplanted into individual containers or directly outdoors in well-draining soil with partial shade. It is important to keep the soil moist until the plants are established.
Division Propagation
The bulbs or rhizomes of Oxalis exserta can be divided every spring when the plant begins to grow. The division should be done carefully with a sharp and clean garden knife, making sure each division has at least one healthy leaf and a healthy root system.
The divisions should be planted in well-draining soil, slightly moistened, and placed in partial shade until they are established.
It is important to note that Oxalis exserta can also propagate by self-seeding. However, to prevent the plant from spreading too much and becoming invasive, it is recommended to remove the spent flowers before the seed capsules form.
Disease and Pest Management for Oxalis Exserta T.M.Salter
Oxalis exserta T.M.Salter, also known as the widespread wood sorrel, is a plant species that is susceptible to various diseases and pests. Proper management is essential to maintain the health of this plant and minimize damage. Here are some common diseases and pests associated with Oxalis exserta and ways to manage them:
Common Diseases
Bacterial Blight: This disease is caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris. It is characterized by yellowing and wilting of leaves, brown spots on stems, and eventual plant death. To manage this disease, remove infected plant parts, avoid overhead watering, and apply a copper-based fungicide.
Root Rot: This fungal disease is caused by various pathogens and is characterized by wilting, yellowing, and death of leaves. The plant may also have brown roots that are soft and mushy. To manage this disease, water the plant only when the soil is dry, provide good drainage, and use a fungicide that contains thiophanate-methyl.
Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease is characterized by the formation of a white powdery coating on leaves, stems, and flowers. To manage this disease, provide adequate spacing between plants to improve air circulation, reduce humidity, and use a fungicide that contains potassium bicarbonate.
Common Pests
Aphids: These small, soft-bodied insects are a common pest of Oxalis exserta. They suck the sap from leaves and stems, causing wilting and yellowing. To manage aphids, use insecticidal soap or oil, keep the plant well-watered, and introduce natural predators like ladybugs and lacewings.
Spider Mites: These tiny insects are difficult to see with the naked eye but can cause significant damage to Oxalis exserta. They suck sap from the plant, causing yellow speckling and curling of leaves. To manage spider mites, mist the plant regularly to increase humidity, use insecticidal soap or oil, and introduce natural predators like ladybugs and predatory mites.
Whiteflies: These small, white insects are a common pest of many plants, including Oxalis exserta. They suck sap from leaves, causing them to wilt and yellow. To manage whiteflies, use insecticidal soap or oil, keep the plant well-watered, and introduce natural predators like ladybugs and lacewings.
By following the above measures, you can manage the disease and pest problems associated with Oxalis exserta and maintain a healthy and thriving plant.
