Overview of Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus
Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus, commonly known as the African wood-sorrel, is a perennial plant belonging to the Oxalidaceae family. It is native to Southern Africa, particularly found in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa.
Common Names
The plant goes by several common names, including African wood-sorrel, rooi-suring (Afrikaans), rooisorrel (Dutch), and cochoch (Khoikhoi).
Appearance
Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus is a herbaceous, low-growing plant that forms a creeping mat of stems and leaves. Its leaves are trifoliolate, and each leaflet is around 1.5 cm long and 1.2 cm wide. The leaflets are oblong-elliptical to oblong-ovate and have a rounded apex. They are green on the upper surface and reddish-purple on the lower surface.
The flowers of the African wood-sorrel are borne on long, slender stalks that rise above the foliage. The flowers are cup-shaped and around 2 cm in diameter, with five pink to deep pink petals. They bloom in summer and early autumn (June to April in South Africa).
Uses
Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus has a few traditional medicinal uses. Indigenous healers in South Africa have used the plant to treat stomach ailments, such as indigestion and diarrhea. The leaves and stems are boiled and strained to make a tea or infusion.
In addition to its medicinal value, the African wood-sorrel is often grown as a ground cover, particularly in rockeries or as an underplanting for shrubs. Its attractive leaves and pink flowers make it a popular choice for ornamental use, especially in rock gardens and as a border plant. It is also used as a fodder plant and is said to be highly nutritious for grazing animals.
However, when ingested in large quantities, the plant can contain oxalic acid, which is toxic to both humans and animals. Therefore, it is essential to use Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus with caution and in moderation.
Light Requirements
Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus plants require moderate to bright light conditions to grow properly. They thrive under bright, indirect light and should not be exposed to direct sun since it can cause the plant to wilt and dry out. A good spot for this plant would be next to a window that receives bright light or in a room with bright but filtered light.
Soil Requirements
The plant prefers a rich, well-draining potting mix. A mixture of peat and perlite in equal parts would serve the plant well. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged since soggy soil can result in root rot. Soil pH should be maintained between 6.1 and 7.5 as Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus cannot tolerate acidic soil.
Temperature Requirements
The plant grows best within a temperature range of 60°F to 72°F (15.5°C to 22.2°C). Avoid temperatures below 50°F (10°C) as it can harm growth, and the leaves will start to wilt. High temperatures above 85°F (29°C) or sudden temperature changes may also damage the plant. Therefore, it is essential to protect the plant from any sudden temperature changes.
Cultivation methods:
Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus is a perennial plant that can be propagated through seed or division. If propagated through seed, it is advised to sow them in a greenhouse or indoors during spring, while dividing the plant should be done in early spring. When planting, ensure you choose a site with well-draining soil and plenty of sunlight. Plant the bulbs about 2-3 inches apart and 2-3 inches deep in the soil.
Watering needs:
Proper watering is essential to ensure the healthy growth of Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus. Water the plant deeply and infrequently- about once every week or two. Avoid overwatering as this may lead to root rot. During the rainy season, reduce the frequency of watering as the plant can absorb water from the rain.
Fertilization:
Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus is not a heavy feeder; hence, it doesn't require regular fertilization. However, applying a balanced liquid fertilizer once a month during the growing season (spring and summer) is recommended to improve the plant's growth and flower production.
Pruning:
Pruning is not necessary for Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus; however, it helps to remove any dead or diseased leaves. Dead leaves left on the plant can lead to the spread of diseases to healthy leaves. If you want to control the plant's growth, you may pinch back the tips of the stems to encourage bushier growth.
Propagation of Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus
Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus can be propagated through various methods such as seed propagation, division of bulbs, and stem cuttings.
Seed Propagation
Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus can be propagated from seeds collected from the plant's capsules. Seeds can be sown in a well-draining potting mix and placed in a warm and sunny location. Moisten the potting mix regularly, and keep it consistently moist until the seeds germinate and form healthy seedlings.
Division of Bulbs
Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus bulb division is another method of propagation. The bulbs should be removed carefully from the parent plant, and the individual bulbs planted into their own container with well-draining potting mix. Water the bulbs sparingly, and keep the pot in a warm, well-lit area to allow for root formation.
Stem Cuttings
Stem cuttings are another propagation method for Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus. Take healthy stem cuttings with several leaves attached and dip the cuttings into rooting hormone. Then, plant the cuttings into well-draining potting mix and place the container in a warm, well-lit area. Keep the soil consistently moist until the cuttings root and form new growth.
Disease and Pest Management for Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus Plants
Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus is a hardy plant that can withstand harsh environmental conditions, but it is still susceptible to certain diseases and pests. The following are the most common diseases and pests that can affect this plant:
Diseases
Root Rot: One of the most common diseases that affect Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus is root rot, which is caused by overwatering. To avoid root rot, ensure that the soil is well-draining, and do not water the plant excessively. If you notice signs of root rot, such as wilting, yellowing of leaves, or soft and mushy roots, it is best to remove the plant from the soil, cut off any affected roots, and replant in fresh soil.
Leaf Spot: Another common disease that affects Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus is leaf spot, which is caused by a fungal infection. This disease can cause the leaves to turn yellow and develop circular spots. To manage leaf spot, ensure that the plant is not overcrowded and that there is good air circulation around the plant. Remove any infected leaves and treat the plant with a fungicide.
Pests
Spider Mites: Spider mites are a common pest that can affect Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus plants. These pests can cause the leaves to turn yellow and develop spots. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with a mixture of water and insecticidal soap. You can also increase the humidity around the plant by placing a tray of water nearby.
Leafhoppers: Leafhoppers are another common pest that can affect Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus plants. These pests can cause the leaves to curl and become distorted. To manage leafhoppers, remove any affected leaves and spray the plant with neem oil.
By following these disease and pest management techniques, you can ensure that your Oxalis argillacea F.Bolus plants stay healthy and thrive. Regularly monitoring your plants and taking quick action when you notice signs of disease or pests can help keep them in the best condition possible.
