Origin
Ornithoglossum zeyheri (Baker) B.Nord. is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the family of Orchidaceae. It is native to the southern region of Africa, specifically found in South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique.
Common Names
The plant Ornithoglossum zeyheri is commonly known as the Bird's-tongue flower or Tontelbossie in Afrikaans.
Uses
The Bird's-tongue flower is typically grown for ornamental purposes due to its vibrant and attractive appearance. It is a popular plant among gardeners and plant enthusiasts due to its unique flower that resembles the shape of a bird's tongue. The plant's inner white petals are covered with various shades of blue and purple accentuated with dark spots, making it an excellent addition to any garden or landscape.
General Appearance
The Ornithoglossum zeyheri plant has a relatively large bulbous underground stem that is covered in grayish-brown membranous tunics. The leaves are long and grass-like, with a length that ranges from 40-60 cm and a width of approximately 1 cm. The flower stalks can grow up to 70 cm tall, with a single inflorescence that bears multiple blue-purple flowers that bloom from September to November. The flowers are usually between 5-7 cm long and 1.5-2.5 cm wide.
Light Requirements
Ornithoglossum zeyheri requires bright, indirect light to thrive. Direct sunlight can scorch the leaves and hinder growth. It is best to place the plant near a window with filtered light. If grown indoors, it is recommended to use artificial lighting that mimics natural light.
Temperature Requirements
The suitable temperature range for Ornithoglossum zeyheri is between 18 to 25 degrees Celsius. Temperatures below 15 degrees Celsius and above 30 degrees Celsius can harm the plant. It is essential to ensure stable temperatures to guarantee optimal growth.
Soil Requirements
Ornithoglossum zeyheri can thrive in various soil types with good drainage. It is recommended to use a soil mix that consists of equal parts of peat, perlite, and sand. The soil pH should range between 6.0 to 7.5. It is beneficial to add compost or fertilizer to the soil to ensure an adequate nutrient supply.
Cultivation Methods
Ornithoglossum zeyheri (Baker) B.Nord. is a tough plant that grows well under varied conditions. It is native to southern Africa, thriving in locations with moderate rainfall, around 500-800 mm per year. The plant prefers well-drained soils, rich in humus and organic matter.
To cultivate Ornithoglossum zeyheri, plant bulbs 5 cm deep in the soil and apply organic matter. The ideal time for planting is at the beginning of the growing season, usually in fall. Though the plant adapts quickly, leaving the bulbs in the soil for too long can lead to rot.
Watering Needs
Ornithoglossum zeyheri requires moderate water levels. During the growing season, water the plant often, keeping the soil moist but not waterlogged. If the soil is left dry for too long, it may cause leaf drop and lead to stunted growth.
During the dormant season, which often occurs during summer, cut back on watering. Keep the soil dry during this stage since overwatering can lead to bulb rot.
Fertilization
Ornithoglossum zeyheri requires occasional fertilization to promote healthy growth. Use a balanced fertilizer with a higher nitrogen content during the growing season. Avoid using fertilizers with a high phosphorus level since they can result in reduced growth.
Apply fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season, beginning just after the emergence of the leaves. After flowering, reduce fertilization to monthly intervals, stopping completely during dormancy.
Pruning
Pruning is an important aspect of care for Ornithoglossum zeyheri. The plant requires cleaning to prevent diseases and pests, especially during the growing season. Remove dead or damaged leaves and stems once they appear to keep the plant healthy.
Pruning also encourages airflow, which can protect the plant from fungal and bacterial infections. Cut back on flowering stalks just after flowering to promote stronger growth and increase the likelihood of blooms in the following year.
Overview of Ornithoglossum zeyheri propagation
Ornithoglossum zeyheri is a species of flowering plant that is endemic to South Africa. It is commonly known as the Cape chincherinchee and belongs to the family Hyacinthaceae. Propagation of this plant can be done through several methods including division, seed propagation and bulb scales, each of which has its advantages and disadvantages.
Propagation by division
Division is the most common method of propagating Ornithoglossum zeyheri. This technique involves separating the bulbs of the plant into smaller segments and replanting them. Propagation by division is best done in spring after the plant has finished flowering and before the new growth begins. To ensure best results, use a sharp knife and carefully remove the bulbs using care not to cut the roots. Replant the bulbs in a well-draining soil mixture and water them sparingly until new growth appears.
Propagation by seed
Ornithoglossum zeyheri can also be propagated using seeds, especially if you hope to provide for a wider distribution of the species. Propagation by seed can be limited, however, as it can take several years for the plant to reach maturity and flower. To propagate this plant by seed, seed pods must be properly prepared by leaving them to dry completely. The seeds are then extracted from the pods and sowed in a seed-starting mix. The pots need to be placed in warm and brightly lit areas with high humidity. Over time, you will see small bulbs developing which can be transplanted when they reach a few inches in height.
Propagation by bulb scales
Bulb scales propagation is a third method that you can consider when propagating Ornithoglossum zeyheri. This technique involves the careful removal of scales from individual bulbs which are then sown in a well-prepared potting mixture. The scales will naturally develop roots and small bulbs over time. After the new growth has developed, the scales can be transplanted into larger pots or directly into the garden soil.
Disease Management
Ornithoglossum zeyheri is susceptible to fungal infections such as leaf spot, stem rot, and bulb rot. To prevent or contain these diseases, it is recommended to avoid overcrowding the plants and practice good hygiene by removing any infected plant parts and keeping the soil dry. Applying fungicides may also help in preventing the spread of diseases.
Pest Management
Common pests that may attack Ornithoglossum zeyheri include spider mites, mealybugs, and thrips. Regular inspection of plants can help identify the presence of pests early. Infested plants can be washed with a strong stream of water to knock off some pests. In severe cases, insecticides may be applied but should be used in accordance with the instructions and recommendations of the manufacturer.
Preventing pest infestations can be done by keeping the plant healthy and well nourished. Additionally, quarantine new plants before introducing them to the existing ones to prevent new pest infestations.
