Overview of Octolobus zenkeri Engl.
Octolobus zenkeri Engl., also known as Octolobus affinis in some areas, is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family. It is native to the tropical regions of West Africa, specifically found in countries such as Ghana, Nigeria, and Cameroon. The plant is commonly known as "Kpashima" in Nigeria.
General Appearance of Octolobus zenkeri Engl.
Octolobus zenkeri Engl. has a unique appearance, with its stem attaining a height of up to 2 meters. The leaves are simple, alternate, and ovate, with a length of about 27 cm. The plant produces inflorescences of pink, white, or lavender flowers on long stalks (up to 15 cm long). The fruits are hairless legumes that are up to 15 cm long and contain 5-11 seeds.
Uses of Octolobus zenkeri Engl.
The plant has several traditional medicinal uses. The root and leaves of the plant are used to treat stomach aches, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal problems. The leaves are also used to treat skin infections, rashes, and measles. The plant is used as a diuretic and to aid in childbirth. Additionally, the plant is sometimes used as a natural insecticide and for animal fodder.
Octolobus zenkeri Engl. is also used in traditional African cuisine. The leaves are cooked in soups, stews, and curries. The plant is also used as a spice, with its seeds being ground into a powder and used as a flavoring agent.
The plant has potential for use in the pharmaceutical industry, with its roots and leaves showing promising anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
Light Requirements
Octolobus zenkeri Engl. thrives in bright, indirect light. Direct sunlight should be avoided as it may scorch the leaves. Ideally, the plant receives 6-8 hours of sunlight per day to ensure proper growth. However, the plant can also tolerate low light conditions, although it may compromise the quality of the leaves. To ensure proper growth, the plant can be placed near a south or west-facing window, or under fluorescent lights if grown indoors.
Temperature Requirements
Octolobus zenkeri Engl. requires moderate temperatures to ensure proper growth. During the day, the plant requires a temperature range of 18-24°C (65-75°F), and at nighttime, the temperature range should be around 16-18°C (60-65°F). Temperatures above 30°C (86°F) should be avoided as it may cause the plant to wilt and die. In addition, cold drafts and temperatures below 12°C (55°F) may also harm the plant.
Soil Requirements
The ideal soil for Octolobus zenkeri Engl. is well-draining soil with a pH level between 5.5 - 6.5. The soil should also be rich in organic matter, such as peat moss, to ensure that the plant receives adequate nutrients. A mixture of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite can be used to create an ideal growing medium. The plant should be watered moderately, and the soil should be allowed to partially dry between watering to prevent root rot.
Cultivation:
Octolobus zenkeri Engl., also known as the creeping blueberry plant, is native to tropical West Africa. It thrives in warm temperatures and humidity. To grow this plant, start with a well-draining potting mix and a container with drainage holes. The plant needs indirect sunlight, so choose a spot near a window or under a shade netting.
The plant can also grow outdoors if the conditions are right. Choose a spot with rich and loose soil with good drainage and partial shade. Shelter the plant from hot winds, as they can quickly dry the soil, causing the plant to wilt quickly.
Watering Needs:
Octolobus zenkeri Engl. requires moist soil but not waterlogging. Too much water can cause the roots to rot. Water the plant just enough to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. One can check the soil's moisture level by touching it or using a soil moisture meter.
The frequency of watering may vary depending on the environment. During the hot season, the plant will require more water than in the cold season. In the wet season, reduce watering as the soil will already be damp.
Fertilization:
To encourage healthy growth, fertilize Octolobus zenkeri Engl. plant every four to six weeks during the growing season, which is usually spring and summer, using a balanced liquid fertilizer. Follow the instruction correctly and don't over-fertilize as it can burn the plant.
During the winter season, stop fertilizing altogether as the plant's growth rate slows down, and the plant does not need as much fertilizer.
Pruning:
Octolobus zenkeri Engl. does not require extensive pruning, but regular pruning is essential to encourage bushier and more full growth. Prune the plant in early to mid-spring before new growth buds start to emerge. Cut off any yellowing or dead leaves and stem tips.
To shape the plant, pinch out the growing tips of the branches. This will redirect the plant's energy and encourage the growth of side shoots, making the plant bushier and fuller.
Propagation of Octolobus Zenkeri Engl.
Octolobus zenkeri Engl. or commonly known as Octolobus, is a beautiful plant with pinkish-purple flowers and a woody vine that can grow up to 4 feet. Propagating Octolobus can be done easily through stem cuttings or seeds.
Propagation through stem cuttings
Propagation of Octolobus Zenkeri through stem cuttings is the most common and easiest method for plant propagation. Follow the steps below for successful propagation:
- Taking a stem cutting - cut a stem that has several nodes and is about 5-6 inches in length from the parent plant using sharp scissors or shears.
- Trimming the cutting - remove the leaves from the bottom 2-3 inches of the stem cutting leaving a few leaves at the very top.
- Letting it dry - place the cutting in a dry, shady spot to dry for about 24 hours until the cut area is fully calloused.
- Planting the cutting - plant the cutting in well-draining soil, preferably one that is a little moist but not too wet.
- Keeping it moist - water the cutting gently and regularly to keep the soil moist but not too wet.
- Transplanting - Once the cutting has produced roots and started to grow, it can be transplanted to a larger pot or the ground.
Propagation through seeds
Propagation of Octolobus Zenkeri through seeds is quite difficult and requires more care and attention compared to stem cutting propagation. Follow the steps below for successful propagation:
- Collecting the seeds - collect the seeds from the parent plant once the flowers have died and the pods have turned brown. The pods will break open when they are ready for collection.
- Cleaning the seeds - clean the seeds of any debris and rinse them with clean water.
- Preparing the soil - prepare the soil by mixing together equal parts of sand and peat moss. Make sure it is well-moistened but not too wet.
- Planting the seeds - plant the seeds about 1/4 inches deep in the soil mixture and cover them with a thin layer of soil.
- Keeping it moist - water the soil gently and regularly to keep it moist but not too wet.
- Transplanting - Once the seedling has developed a strong root system and is a few inches in height, it can be transplanted to a larger pot or the ground.
Propagation of Octolobus Zenkeri can be done easily through stem cutting or seeds. It is important to follow the steps carefully to ensure successful propagation. Once the new plant has grown and is thriving, it can add beauty and elegance to any garden or indoor space.
Disease Management for Octolobus zenkeri Engl.
Octolobus zenkeri Engl. is susceptible to several diseases which can impact its growth and survival. Here are some common diseases and their management:
Crown and root rot
This disease is caused by soil-borne fungi and can quickly spread within the plant, leading to the death of the plant. To manage this disease, ensure proper drainage and avoid overwatering of the plant. In cases of severe infection, remove the plant and dispose of any nearby debris.
Powdery mildew
Octolobus zenkeri Engl. can also be affected by powdery mildew, which is a fungal infection that appears as a white, powdery substance on the leaves. This disease can be managed by planting the plant in an area with good airflow and plenty of sunlight. You can also use fungicides to treat the infection.
Pest Management for Octolobus zenkeri Engl.
Mites and aphids
Mites and aphids are common pests that can infect Octolobus zenkeri Engl. These pests can be managed by controlling the humidity levels around the plant and using insecticides to kill the pests. In the case of severe infection, you may need to remove the affected plant entirely and dispose of any debris in the surrounding area.
Caterpillars and snails
Caterpillars and snails can also damage the plant, causing holes in the leaves. These pests can be managed with physical removal or by using organic pesticides. You can also use copper tape around the base of the plant to prevent snails from reaching it.
Regular pruning and maintenance of Octolobus zenkeri Engl. can prevent the onset of disease and pest infection. Implementing good gardening practices such as proper watering, good drainage, and providing a healthy growing environment can also promote strong and healthy plants.
