Origin
Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans, commonly known as the Hammered Shield lichen, is a species of lichen that belongs to the family Parmeliaceae. This lichen is commonly found in various regions throughout North America, including Alaska, Canada, the United States, and Mexico.
Common Names
The Hammered Shield lichen goes by several names, including the Hammered Rock Tripe, Shield Lichen, and Foliose Lichen.
Uses
The Hammered Shield lichen has traditionally been used by indigenous communities for medicinal purposes. This lichen was used to treat headaches, stomach ailments, and various skin conditions due to its antifungal and antibiotic properties. In modern times, this lichen is used as an indicator of air pollution due to its sensitivity to nitrogen compounds. The presence or absence of the Hammered Shield lichen can provide information on the levels of air pollution in a given area.
General Appearance
The Hammered Shield lichen is a foliose lichen that grows on rocks and trees. This lichen is yellow to greenish-yellow on the upper surface, and pale to dark brown on the lower surface. The foliose thallus of the Hammered Shield lichen is lobed, with an irregular shape and a flattened appearance. The lobes of this lichen are wrinkled and have a texture that resembles hammered metal, hence its common name. The apothecia are rare in this species, and when they do occur, they are usually sunken and brown in color. The Hammered Shield lichen can reach up to 15 cm in diameter and is a common sight in forests and rock outcrops throughout North America.
Light Requirements
Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans are typically found in areas with moderate or high light. It can tolerate full sun if moisture levels are optimal. Shade is not favorable for the lichen, and growth may be stunted in these areas.
Temperature Requirements
Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans grows best in cool to cold temperatures, and it is found at high altitudes or latitudes. Optimal temperature for growth is around 10 to 15 degrees Celsius. At higher temperatures, the lichen may experience thermal stress, leading to poor growth. At lower temperatures, growth may slow down or stop altogether.
Soil Requirements
Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans prefers to grow on soil that is well-drained, porous, and rocky. The lichen can tolerate a range of soil pH from slightly acidic to slightly basic. Nutrient availability is generally low in the soil where lichens grow, and they obtain most of their nutrients from the atmosphere. The presence of other plant species may create microclimates that can benefit the growth of Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans.
Cultivation Methods
Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans can be grown in pots or directly on rocks. If grown in a pot, it needs a well-draining medium that can hold moisture, such as a mix of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite. A layer of gravel or sand at the bottom of the pot can improve drainage. The plant should be placed in a bright, indirect light location.
Watering Needs
The plant does not need much watering, especially if grown on rocks. When grown in a pot, allow the top inch of the soil to dry out before watering. Overwatering can lead to root rot and eventual death of the plant. Avoid getting water on the foliage as it can cause damage.
Fertilization
Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans does not require regular fertilization. However, if it is grown in a pot for an extended period, it can benefit from a slow-release fertilizer specifically designed for epiphytic plants.
Pruning
The plant does not require pruning. However, it is essential to remove any dead or damaged foliage to prevent the spread of diseases. It can also be beneficial to remove any overgrown or crowded parts of the plant to allow for better air circulation.
Propagation methods for Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans
Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans is a lichen species that can be propagated through asexual and sexual means.
Asexual propagation
Asexual propagation can be achieved through the fragmentation of the lichen thalli. This propagation method involves separating a portion of the thallus and placing it in a suitable habitat. The separated thallus must be placed in a location that meets its specific environmental requirements, including temperature, humidity, and light levels.
Sexual propagation
Sexual propagation of Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans involves spore formation and dissemination. However, the spores require specific conditions to germinate, including the presence of compatible fungal partners. The suitable habitat for spore germination should have sufficient light, moisture, and suitable substrates that support both fungal and algal partners.
In the wild, Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans is primarily propagated through the sexual method. However, the asexual propagation method can be used in certain circumstances, such as in laboratory conditions or when the fragmentation of thalli occurs naturally due to environmental conditions.
Disease Management
Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans is a hardy lichen species that is generally resistant to most diseases. However, it can be vulnerable to infection from bacterial or fungal growth under certain environmental conditions.
To prevent the growth of bacteria or fungi, it's crucial to keep the plant's environment clean and dry. Avoid overwatering the plant and ensure it receives adequate sunlight and ventilation. If the lichen does develop an infection, it should be removed and disposed of immediately to prevent further contamination.
If the infection is severe, you should seek professional assistance from a horticulturist or plant pathologist who can correctly diagnose and recommend a course of action to treat the disease.
Pest Management
Ochrolechia subplicans (Nyl.) Brodo ssp. subplicans is generally resistant to pests and infestations. However, it can be susceptible to attacks from spider mites or scale insects under specific conditions.
Spider mites are common pests that can infest Ochrolechia subplicans during dry periods. To prevent infestations, it's essential to create a humid environment around the plant and avoid overwatering it. Additionally, you can employ natural predators such as ladybugs or lacewings to control the mite population.
Scale insects, on the other hand, can attack Ochrolechia subplicans during periods of high humidity. To prevent infestations, it's essential to keep the plant's environment dry and well-ventilated. You can also use neem oil or insecticidal soap to get rid of the insects.
If the infestation is severe, it's advisable to seek professional assistance from a horticulturist or pest control specialist who can recommend the best course of action to control the pest population.
