Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh.
Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. is a species of flowering plant belonging to the Annonaceae family. The plant is commonly known as "Chinquín" and is native to South America, specifically the Andes region including Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
Appearance
The Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. plant is a small to medium-sized tree that can reach up to 20 meters in height. It has a straight trunk with a diameter of up to 30 cm and a dense, rounded crown. The leaves are simple, alternate, and oblong shaped with a dark green color on the upper surface and lighter green below. The flowers are small, yellow to greenish in color, and arranged in pairs or clusters. The fruit is spherical or oblong, about 3 to 5 cm long, and when ripe becomes brown and leathery.
Uses
Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. has several medicinal benefits. The bark and leaves of the plant are used traditionally in the indigenous population for curing gastric disorders and malaria. It is also used as an aphrodisiac. The plant contains several compounds like bisbenzylisoquinoline, protoberberine, and aporphine-alkaloids that are responsible for its medicinal properties. The wood of the tree is hard and durable and used for making tool handles, furniture, and construction.
The plant has not been widely cultivated. However, the cultivation and utilization of the plant could provide an economic opportunity for local communities as well as potential benefits from the medicinal properties of the plant.
Light Requirements
Notocampylum nigricans thrives in partially shaded environments. Direct and continuous sunlight exposure can lead to leaf scorching and stunted growth. Therefore, it is advisable to provide a semi-shaded canopy or partial roof to protect the plant from direct sunlight.
Temperature Requirements
The optimal temperature range for the growth of Notocampylum nigricans is between 18 and 24 degrees Celsius. Temperatures below 10 degrees Celsius can lead to frost damage or death. Therefore, it is essential to protect the plant from frost during the cold winter months. Additionally, fluctuations in temperature can cause stress to the plant and affect its growth rate.
Soil Requirements
Notocampylum nigricans prefers well-draining soils that are rich in nutrients. The soil should have a slightly acidic to neutral pH range, between 5.5 and 7.5. The addition of organic matter such as compost or manure can improve the soil structure and increase the nutrient content. Moreover, the soil should be moist, but not waterlogged, as excessive moisture can cause root rot and damage the plant's health.
Cultivation methods
Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. is a semi-epiphytic plant that requires a well-draining substrate with good aeration. It is best to cultivate this plant in a pot, as it requires frequent watering. Use a light, porous substrate like sphagnum moss, perlite, and bark mix.
Watering needs
The plant should be watered frequently, as it does not tolerate drying out. Water the plant when the substrate is dry to the touch, but do not let the substrate become waterlogged. The plant also benefits from humidity levels of 50-70% and misting the leaves in dry environments.
Fertilization
From spring to autumn, apply a balanced fertilizer every other week. Use a diluted 20-20-20 or 10-10-10 blend. Cut back on fertilization in the colder months to once a month to allow for dormancy.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. as it has a natural, bushy growth habit. However, if there are any dead or yellowing leaves, they should be removed promptly to prevent any diseases from spreading. The plant may also produce aerial roots and can benefit from cutting back excessively long stems or adjusting its support structure.
Propagation of Notocampylum Nigricans Tiegh.
Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. is a beautiful plant that can be propagated in various ways. Here are some popular methods:
Seed Propagation
One of the most common ways to propagate Notocampylum nigricans is through seeds. Fresh seeds are essential for successful propagation. Sow the seeds in a well-draining soil mix and keep them moist. Germination can take up to four weeks, and seedlings should be kept in a warm and humid environment.
Cuttings Propagation
Propagation through cuttings is another popular method for Notocampylum nigricans. Stem cuttings of around 4-6 inches long should be taken with a clean and sharp knife. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the cuttings in a well-draining soil mix and keep them under high humidity until roots develop. Once roots have formed, plants can gradually be exposed to the sun.
Division Propagation
Notocampylum nigricans can also be propagated through division. Carefully dig out the plant from the soil and divide it into sections. Each section should have at least one rooted stem or rhizome. Transplant each section into a new pot with fresh soil mix, water it well, and keep it in a bright and warm location.
Disease and Pest Management for Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh.
Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. is a species of plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is commonly known as Box-wood or Prestonia. This plant, like all other plants, is susceptible to diseases and pests that can cause significant damage if not detected early and managed effectively.
Common Diseases
One of the common diseases that affect Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. is leaf spot. This disease is caused by a fungus that attacks the leaves of the plant, causing brown or black spots. Leaf spot can be managed by removing infected leaves and applying a fungicide to the plant.
Another disease that commonly affects Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. is powdery mildew. This disease is caused by a fungus that forms a white powdery substance on the leaves of the plant. To manage powdery mildew, it is important to remove infected leaves and apply a fungicide to the plant.
Common Pests
Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. is also susceptible to insect pests such as spider mites, aphids, and scale insects. Spider mites and aphids feed on the leaves of the plant, causing yellowing and curling of the leaves. Scale insects suck the plant sap, causing the leaves to turn yellow, die, and fall off.
Pest Management
One way to manage spider mites, aphids, and scale insects is by using insecticidal soap or neem oil. These products can be sprayed on the plant to kill the insects. It is important to follow the instructions on the product label when using these products to avoid damaging the plant.
In addition to using insecticidal soap or neem oil, it is also important to keep the plant healthy by watering it properly, fertilizing it regularly, and pruning it when necessary. A healthy plant is less likely to be attacked by pests and is better able to resist diseases.
Overall, Notocampylum nigricans Tiegh. can be affected by a range of diseases and pests. By identifying the problems early and taking appropriate measures to manage them, it is possible to keep the plant healthy and thriving for years to come.
