Origin of Mycoporum lacteum
Mycoporum lacteum, also known as Milky Mycoporum, is a species of lichen that belongs to the Mycoporaceae family. It is widely found in North America and parts of Europe, growing on rocks, soil, and bark in the higher elevations of forests and open heaths. The lichen is commonly seen growing around the base of the trees but can also be found on shaded rock faces.
Common Names and Appearance
The lichen Mycoporum lacteum has several common names, including Milky Mycoporum, Milk-liche, and Milk-drop Lichen. Its appearance is characterized by lobes that are small, smooth, and rounded. The lobes appear to be overlapping or stacked, forming a rosette-like shape. The color of the lichen is typically white or cream, and it can sometimes have yellowish green tinges on the edges. The thallus may meet at a point and also may develop a black disk-shaped spot at the center.
Uses of Mycoporum lacteum
Mycoporum lacteum is not commonly used by humans due to its bitter and unpleasant taste. However, it plays a vital role in the ecology of forests where it acts as a pioneer species by helping to form new soil and provide a habitat for small insects and animals. It also helps to absorb toxins from the environment and acts as a bioindicator of air quality in heavily polluted areas. Some species of lichen contain compounds that have antibacterial properties and are used in traditional medicine, but there are no known uses for Mycoporum lacteum at this time.
Light Conditions
Mycoporum lacteum thrives well in bright but filtered light conditions. It prefers to grow under partially shaded environments where direct sunlight is not always available. Full exposure to the sun can be harmful to the plant. Therefore, it should be placed in an area where it can access sufficient light and shade.
Temperature Requirements
The plant thrives well in a cool climate ranging between 50°F and 75°F. During the winter season, it can withstand temperatures as low as 20°F, making it an excellent plant for outdoor gardens. Temperatures above 80°F are not suitable for Mycoporum lacteum, and therefore, it should be kept in a cool environment.
Soil Requirements
The plant requires a well-draining soil type that is rich in organic matter. A mixture of sand, peat moss, and perlite or vermiculite can provide the ideal soil conditions for Mycoporum lacteum. The soil PH should be between 5.8 and 7.0. This plant can tolerate different soil types, with the only exception being soils that are waterlogged. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that the soil is well-drained to prevent root rot.
Cultivation of Mycoporum lacteum
Mycoporum lacteum, also known as Milky Disk Lichen, is commonly found growing in temperate forests on the bark of trees. To cultivate this plant, you need to mimic the natural growing conditions as much as possible. Therefore, it is best to grow Mycoporum lacteum outdoors in a partially shaded area that receives indirect sunlight.
Watering Needs
When it comes to watering, Mycoporum lacteum is a moderate drinker. The ideal time to water is in the morning or early afternoon, preferably when temperatures are cooler. Avoid overwatering since it can lead to root rot, which can compromise the plant's health.
Fertilization
Mycoporum lacteum does not require regular fertilization. You should only fertilize if it is obvious that the plant is suffering from nutrient deficiency. In that case, a slow-release fertilizer applied in spring would provide the necessary nutrients for the rest of the growing season.
Pruning
Pruning is not typically required for Mycoporum lacteum. However, you should remove any dead, yellow, or brown parts using clean, sterilized pruning shears. This helps keep the plant healthy and free from disease.
Propagation of Mycoporum lacteum
Mycoporum lacteum (Ach.) R. C. Harris, commonly known as milky disk lichen, can be propagated through vegetative means. There are two main methods of propagation: fragmentation and tissue culture.
Fragmentation
Fragmentation is a simple and effective method of multiplying Mycoporum lacteum. The plant can be divided into smaller sections, with each section containing an active growth point. The ideal time for fragmenting the plant is during its active growth phase, which occurs between early spring and late summer.
The fragment should be placed in a suitable growing medium, such as a mix of soil and peat moss. The growing medium should be kept damp and the fragment should be placed in a shaded area until new roots and shoots have formed.
Tissue culture
Tissue culture is a more complex and advanced method of propagation. It involves taking a small sample of plant tissue, such as a segment of the plant's thallus, and placing it in a nutrient-rich growth medium under sterile conditions.
The tissue culture must be kept in a controlled environment, with appropriate light, temperature, and humidity levels. It can take several months for the tissue to develop into a fully-formed plant, but this method has the benefit of producing genetically identical offspring.
Overall, either method can be successful in propagating Mycoporum lacteum. Fragmentation is a simpler and more accessible method for most hobby gardeners, while tissue culture is better-suited to research and commercial production of the plant.
Disease and Pest Management for Mycoporum lacteum
Mycoporum lacteum, commonly known as Milky Bonnet, is a small fruticose lichen found in North America. Although it is generally resilient and can thrive in different environments, it may be susceptible to certain diseases and pests. Here are some common issues that may affect Mycoporum lacteum and how to manage them:
Diseases
Lichenomphalia umbellifera – This fungus affects the apothecia or fruiting bodies of Mycoporum lacteum, causing them to become deformed or stunted. It can be identified by its dark brown color and scaly texture. To manage this disease, remove the infected part of the lichen and dispose of them properly. You can also apply a fungicide to prevent the spread of the fungus.
Phytophthora – This is a water mold that causes root rot in Mycoporum lacteum. Symptoms include wilting, yellowing of leaves, and decay of the roots. To manage this disease, ensure that the soil is well-draining to avoid waterlogging. You can also apply a fungicide to protect the plants from infection.
Pests
Aphids – These small insects feed on the sap of Mycoporum lacteum, causing stunted growth and curling of leaves. To manage this pest, apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to the affected plant. You can also introduce natural predators like ladybugs and lacewings to control the aphid population.
Spider mites – These pests are tiny and are known to cause yellowing of leaves and webbing. To manage this pest, wipe the leaves with a damp cloth to remove the mites. You can also apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to control their population.
Maintaining healthy and disease-free Mycoporum lacteum plants involves constant monitoring and prompt action against diseases and pests. By following the suggested management practices, you can ensure the longevity and vitality of your Milky Bonnet.
