Overview of Motandra erlangeri K.Schum.
Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. is a plant species that belongs to the family Rubiaceae. This evergreen shrub is native to Africa and can be found in various regions such as Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania.
Common Names
Motandra erlangeri is commonly referred to as Erlanger's Motandra or Erlanger's Coffee. It is also called in other African countries such as Tanzania, which refers to it as "Mbimbi".
Appearance
Motandra erlangeri is an evergreen shrub that can reach up to 2-3m tall. It has dark green, glossy foliage that is arranged opposite one another along the stem. The leaves are elliptical, lanceolate or oval and measures about 7-18 cm long. The plant also produces tubular-shaped flowers that are about 2-3 cm in diameter and 2-6 cm long.
Uses
Motandra erlangeri has various uses, particularly in African traditional medicine. The bark and roots of the plant have been used to treat different ailments such as malaria, fever, and stomach disorders. The plant is also used as a decoction to treat headaches and chest pains. In some regions of Africa, the leaves of Motandra erlangeri are used to make a tea-like beverage that is consumed as a caffeine-free alternative to coffee. Additionally, the plant has ornamental value and is grown as an ornamental plant in gardens for its attractive foliage, flowers and fast-growing habit.
Growth Conditions for Motandra Erlangeri K.Schum
Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. is a climbing vine that thrives in the humid rainforest regions in Africa. The plant requires specific growth conditions to grow to its full potential.
Light Requirements
The Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. prefers to grow in shaded areas with minimal sunlight. The plant thrives in the understory of the rainforest, where it receives filtered light. Direct sunlight can damage the plant, and it may not survive in such conditions.
Temperature Range
The ideal temperature range for the plant is between 20 to 26 °C (68-78°F). The tropics provide an excellent environment for its growth. Since it's a tropical plant, it can't withstand cold temperatures. Temperatures below 10°C can be harmful to the plant and stunt its growth.
Soil Requirements
The soil where the plant grows must have excellent drainage. The ideal soil pH for the plant ranges between 5 and 6.5. The plant prefers loamy or sandy soils with high organic matter. Incorporating well-rotted compost into the soil before planting will go a long way in ensuring the plant's success.
Cultivation Methods for Motandra Erlangeri K.Schum.
The plant Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. is a tropical shrub commonly found in West Africa. It grows well in warm, humid climates with plenty of sunlight. Therefore, it's best to cultivate it indoors or in a greenhouse if you live in a cooler region.
Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. grows well when planted in well-draining, soilless potting mixtures or a mix containing peat moss, soil, and vermiculite. Roots should not be exposed to standing water, since this may cause root rot. The plant appreciates a slightly acidic soil, with a pH range between 4.5 and 6.5.
Watering Needs for Motandra Erlangeri K.Schum.
It's important to keep the soil evenly moist if growing Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. Yellow leaves may indicate underwatering, while brown leaves may indicate overwatering.
Due to its tropical origen, the plant requires regular watering, though allow the soil to dry out slightly between watering to avoid root rot.
Fertilization of Motandra Erlangeri K.Schum.
Fertilize the plant well during the growing season (spring-summer) with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer. Avoid overfertilizing, which can burn the plant or cause excess growth.
If growing the plant in a container, add fertiliser into the water on a fortnightly basis, or use slow release granules.
Pruning of Motandra Erlangeri K.Schum.
Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. The plant doesn't require a lot of pruning but can be pruned to reduce its size or maintain a pleasing appearance.
Clip back any dead or diseased branches as soon as they appear to prevent them from spreading. Cut back any overly long stems to promote bushier growth and better air circulation. Prune the plant before the growing season begins in spring, using clean sharp shears.
Propagation methods of Motandra erlangeri K.Schum.
Propagating Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. can be done through various methods, including seed propagation, division, and cutting. The following are the details of each method:
Seed propagation
The easiest and most commonly used method of propagating Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. is through seeds. Collect the seeds from the mature plant during the fall season when the seed pods start to dry and turn brown. The seeds can be sown immediately, or they can be stored in a dry and cool place until spring.
To plant Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. seeds, start by filling a container with well-draining soil, then moisten the soil with water. Place one or two seeds in each container, cover them lightly with soil, and water the soil. Place the container in a warm and bright place and keep the soil moist. Germination typically occurs in 3-4 weeks.
Division propagation
The division method of propagation is ideal for established plants. To propagate through division, start by gently digging up the plant and dividing the root system into several sections. Make sure each section has several stems and is large enough to plant individually. Plant the divisions in well-draining soil, water them, and keep them in a warm and bright location. Transplant the new plants to their permanent location when they have established their root systems.
Cutting propagation
Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. can also be propagated through stem cuttings. Take cuttings in the summer months, making sure they are at least 6 inches long and have several leaves. Remove the leaves from the bottom half of the stem and dip the cut end in rooting hormone powder. Plant the cutting in well-draining soil and keep it moist. Place the container in a warm and brightly lit location but avoid direct sunlight. The cutting will root within four to six weeks. Transplant it to its permanent location once it has established its root system.
Disease and Pest Management for Motandra erlangeri K.Schum.
Motandra erlangeri K.Schum., commonly known as the African dream root, is a medicinal plant found in Central and Southern Africa. While it has numerous health benefits, it's also susceptible to various diseases, as well as pest infestations. Proper care and managing these diseases and pests are essential for the plant's survival and optimal growth.
Common Diseases
The most common diseases that affect Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. include:
- Leaf Spot: This disease manifests on the leaves as small brown spots that gradually enlarge, causing the leaves to turn yellow and fall off. The disease is caused by a fungus and can be managed by removing all the infected leaves and applying a fungicide.
- Powdery Mildew: This is a common fungal disease that appears as a powdery, white substance on the leaves. It's caused by high humidity levels, and the best way to manage it is by practicing proper plant spacing and applying a fungicide regularly.
- Root Rot: This disease is caused by several types of fungi that thrive in waterlogged soils. The disease causes the plant's roots to rot, leading to stunted growth and eventual death. To prevent root rot, avoid overwatering the plant and ensure that the soil has proper drainage.
Common Pests
Various pests can attack the African dream root, including:
- Aphids: These are small, soft-bodied insects that feed on the plant's sap, causing leaves to curl and develop yellow spots. They can be managed by regularly spraying the plant with an insecticidal soap solution.
- Spider Mites: These pests also feed on the plant's sap, causing yellow and withering leaves. They typically thrive in hot and dry environments. To manage spider mites, ensure the plant is regularly watered and spray it with insecticidal soap regularly.
- Caterpillars and Beetles: These pests feed on the plant's leaves, causing visible holes and frass (insect excrement). To manage these pests, handpick them from the plant and apply a natural pesticide such as neem oil.
Overall, the key to managing diseases and pests in Motandra erlangeri K.Schum. is by practicing good plant hygiene, which involves regular pruning, watering, and soil maintenance. Maintaining optimal growing conditions, such as temperature, light exposure, and proper nutrition, can also help prevent pest and disease infestations.
