Overview:
Microglossa volubilis DC. is a species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to South America and is commonly known by several names such as Tamamuri, Bola bola, and Changallo. It is a twining vine that grows in the undergrowth of tropical rainforests.
Description:
The plant produces slender, twining stems that can grow up to 10 meters long; however, most are shorter, only reaching about 3-4 meters. The leaves are simple, ovate-lanceolate, and grow up to 10 centimeters long and 6 centimeters broad. The flowers contain small, discrete heads with orangish-yellow disc flowers surrounded by many yellow rays, making them very noticeable in the underbrush where they grow. The fruit is a dark-colored, oblong achene that measures about 2 millimeters long and is tipped with several short bristles.
Uses:
M. volubilis is known in South America for its medicinal properties. The traditional healers use the plant's bark, roots, and leaves to create tonics, poultices, and decoctions to cure ailments such as snake bites, liver inflammation, gastric ulcers, syphilis, and aching muscles and joints. The plant's antimicrobial properties have also been used to treat skin conditions such as fungal infections and wounds.
Aside from its medicinal uses, the plant is also used for dyeing. Its leaves produce a yellow dye that can be used to color fabrics and other materials. The plant's twining stems are sometimes used to make baskets or other woven products.
General Appearance:
M. volubilis is a tropical vine that has slender, twining stems and simple, ovate-lanceolate leaves. The flowers contain small, discrete heads with orangish-yellow disc flowers surrounded by many yellow rays, making them very noticeable in the underbrush where they grow. The fruit is a dark-colored, oblong achene that measures about 2 millimeters long and is tipped with several short bristles. The plant is commonly found in the undergrowth of tropical rainforests and is often used for medicinal purposes and dyeing.
Growth Conditions for Microglossa Volubilis DC.
Microglossa volubilis DC., commonly known as the forest vine, is a tropical and subtropical plant found in wet forests, open savannas, and coastal thickets. The typical growth conditions required for the plant include:
Light Conditions
The plant requires partial to full sunlight to grow and thrive. It can tolerate shade, but the growth rate is slow, and flowering may be affected. In areas with intense sunlight, such as deserts, the plant requires shade to prevent sunburn on the leaves and stems.
Temperature requirements
The plant grows best in areas with a warm and humid climate, with temperatures ranging between 20°C to 30°C. It cannot tolerate frost, and the leaves and stems may be damaged when exposed to extremely low temperatures.
Soil Requirements
The plant grows well in well-draining soils rich in humus and organic matter. The soil should have a pH of between 6.0 to 7.5. It requires adequate moisture, but the soil should not be waterlogged, as it can lead to root rot. The plant can also grow in rocky areas and sandy soils but requires regular fertilization for optimal growth.
Proper management of the growth conditions for Microglossa volubilis DC. can result in healthy plants with vibrant leaves and a profusion of flowers.
Cultivation of Microglossa Volubilis DC.
Microglossa Volubilis DC. is a tropical plant that requires warm temperatures and high humidity to grow well. It prefers full sun exposure or partial shade. The recommended temperature range for its cultivation is between 15 and 30°C, and it does not tolerate frost.
The plant can be grown in a range of soils, but it prefers well-draining soils that are fertile and rich in organic matter. To ensure optimal growth, soil pH should be between 5.5 and 6.8.
Watering Needs and Fertilization
Microglossa Volubilis DC. requires regular watering to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Watering should be done once or twice a week, depending on the climatic conditions. During the rainy season, watering frequency should be reduced to avoid waterlogging.
Regarding fertilization, the plant benefits from regular application of organic fertilizers. Fertilizers should be applied during the growing season, at intervals of four to six weeks. Nutrient-rich compost can also be added to the soil to improve its fertility and provide a slow-release of nutrients.
Pruning
Pruning can help maintain the shape and health of Microglossa Volubilis DC. The plant should be pruned regularly to remove dead or damaged parts. Pruning should be done during the dormant season to stimulate new growth and promote flowering in the next season.
For climbing varieties, pruning should be done to maintain a manageable size and encourage bushier growth. Unwanted growth should be trimmed, and side shoots should be pinched off to promote lateral branching. It is also beneficial to remove old and woody stems to encourage new growth and maintain the plant's vigor.
Propagation of Microglossa volubilis DC.
Microglossa volubilis DC., commonly known as "liana negra," is a plant species that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is native to South America and is commonly found in the Amazon basin. It is a climbing plant that can grow up to 10 meters long.
Propagation method: Seeds
The most common propagation method for Microglossa volubilis DC. is through seeds. The seeds should be collected from ripe fruits, which are usually found from June to August. The seeds should be sown in a well-draining soil mix, and should be kept moist and warm.
It is recommended to use black plastic bags or sheets to cover the pots to create a humid environment. Germination usually occurs within 10 to 15 days.
Propagation method: Stem cuttings
Another propagation method for Microglossa volubilis DC. is through stem cuttings. Stem cuttings should be taken from healthy plants during the growing season. Cuttings should be taken from the upper part of the stem, and should be at least 10 cm long.
The cuttings should be placed in a well-draining soil mix, and should be kept moist and warm. It is recommended to use black plastic bags or sheets to cover the pots to create a humid environment. Cuttings should root within 4 to 6 weeks.
Propagation method: Layering
Layering is another propagation method that can be used for Microglossa volubilis DC. This method involves bending a low-growing stem to the ground and covering it with soil. Roots will begin to form where the stem is covered with soil.
After the roots have formed, the stem can be cut from the parent plant and transplanted into its own pot or a new location in the garden.
Disease and Pest Management for Microglossa volubilis DC.
Microglossa volubilis DC. is a delicate herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. This plant can be affected by a variety of diseases and pests that can cause significant damage to the plant if left untreated. Therefore, proper disease and pest management practices are crucial for the survival and growth of Microglossa volubilis DC.
Common Diseases Affecting Microglossa volubilis DC.
Microglossa volubilis DC. can be susceptible to various diseases, including:
- Botrytis Blight: a fungal disease that causes a grayish mold to appear on the plant.
- Rust: a fungal disease that causes yellowish-orange rust spots to appear on the leaves and stems.
- Leaf Spot: a fungal disease that causes small, brown spots to appear on the leaves, which can merge and cause the leaves to wither and drop prematurely.
Disease Management
The best way to manage diseases affecting Microglossa volubilis DC. is through prevention. Here are a few tips to follow:
- Keep your plant healthy and stress-free by providing the necessary nutrients and optimal growing conditions.
- Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to the development of fungal diseases.
- Use clean tools and containers to prevent the spread of disease.
- If you observe any signs of disease, remove the affected plant parts and destroy them to prevent further spread.
- Apply a fungicide to protect against fungal diseases.
Common Pests Affecting Microglossa volubilis DC.
Microglossa volubilis DC. can also be susceptible to pests such as:
- Aphids: tiny insects that suck sap from the plant, causing stunted growth and distorted leaves.
- Spider Mites: tiny arachnids that cause yellowish and brownish spots on the leaves and suck sap from the plant.
- Caterpillars: larvae of some moths and butterflies that eat the leaves and can cause severe damage to the plant.
Pest Management
Effective pest management practices for Microglossa volubilis DC. include:
- Identifying the pest correctly and using appropriate control methods to minimize damage.
- Regularly inspecting the plants to detect pest problems early.
- Removing any infected or infested plant parts promptly.
- Using beneficial insects, such as ladybugs, to control pest populations.
- Using insecticidal soap or a neem oil spray to repel and kill pests.
By following these disease and pest management practices, Microglossa volubilis DC. can thrive and remain healthy, producing beautiful blooms.
