Microcoelia obovata Summerh.: A Description
Microcoelia obovata Summerh., also known as the Egg-shaped Microcoelia, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae. It is native to Africa, particularly in the eastern regions such as Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. This plant is often found growing on trees in tropical forests and woodlands or in the scrublands and savannahs of its native habitat.
Appearance
The Egg-shaped Microcoelia is a small-sized, epiphytic orchid that typically grows to about 20 cm in height. It has a short stem with leaves that are oval to egg-shaped, dark green, and thick in texture. The flowers are small and fragrant, clustered in groups of 2 to 12 and range in color from yellow to greenish-yellow. The petals and sepals of the bloom are of equal length and form a hood over the lip. The lip is large with 3 distinct lobes, and the column extends above the flower.
The plant has a thin but elongated inflorescence that arises from the base of its leaves at the top of the stem. In a cluster, the plant can produce a dozen or more fragrant blooms that open successively over several weeks.
Uses
The Microcoelia obovata Summerh. has been traditionally used in African society for various purposes, specifically for medicinal and cultural purposes. The roots are commonly used to treat cough, fever, and diarrhea. The plant is also considered as one of the key parts of traditional cultural practices, which is believed to promote good luck and fortune.
Due to its striking beauty and exotic appearance, the plant is highly popular among hobbyists and collectors of orchids. It is often cultivated as an ornamental plant and can be found in botanical gardens and private collections. However, its collection and trade are strictly regulated to avoid over-exploitation and protect the species from extinction.
Light requirements
Microcoelia obovata Summerh. requires bright but indirect light to thrive. It is best grown in a spot that receives partial shade, particularly during the hottest parts of the day. Direct sunlight may burn the leaves and stunt the growth of the plant.
Temperature requirements
Microcoelia obovata Summerh. prefers warm and humid conditions. It grows well in temperatures between 18°C to 30°C. It is important to avoid placing the plant in any areas with cold drafts or temperatures below 15°C as it can damage the plant.
Soil requirements
Microcoelia obovata Summerh. requires a well-draining soil mix with good air circulation for healthy growth. The best soil mix for this plant is a combination of peat moss, charcoal, and perlite to provide adequate drainage, prevent waterlogging, and promote healthy root growth. Adding orchid bark to the mix can also keep the soil aerated and provide a good substrate for the growth of the plant.
Cultivation Methods for Microcoelia obovata Summerh.
Microcoelia obovata Summerh. is an orchid species that grows well in warm and humid conditions. The plant is native to tropical areas of Africa and Madagascar and thrives in temperatures between 60-90°F. It grows best when kept in a well-draining substrate composed of sphagnum moss, bark chips, and perlite. The plant can be propagated by division of its pseudobulbs, which should be carried out during the growing season.
Watering Needs for Microcoelia obovata Summerh.
The plant requires regular watering to maintain its growth and healthy appearance. Watering should be done when the substrate is dry to touch, but care should be taken not to overwater the plant as this can lead to root rot. The plant prefers slightly acidic water with a pH range of 5.5-6.5. Misting can be done morning and evening to provide the necessary humidity levels required by the plant.
Fertilization for Microcoelia obovata Summerh.
Fertilization is essential for the plant's growth and flowering. A balanced fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio of 20-20-20 can be used during the active growing season. Fertilization can be done once every two weeks. Care should be taken to avoid over-fertilization, which can lead to excessive salt build-up in the substrate and damage to the roots.
Pruning for Microcoelia obovata Summerh.
Pruning is essential for maintaining the plant's shape and overall health. The plant can be pruned after flowering to remove any damaged or dead leaves, bulbs, or roots. The pseudobulbs should be pruned back to two nodes to encourage the growth of new shoots. Sterilized pruning tools should be used to avoid transmission of diseases.
Propagation of Microcoelia obovata Summerh.
Microcoelia obovata Summerh. is a beautiful miniature orchid that is native to tropical Africa. This epiphyte belongs to the Orchidaceae family and is relatively easy to propagate using several methods.
Propagation by division
The simplest and most common method of propagation for Microcoelia obovata Summerh. is by division. This method involves carefully dividing the plant into smaller sections, making sure each section has at least one healthy growth point and some roots. You should use a sterile, sharp knife or scissors to do this. After dividing the plant, plant each section in a new pot with fresh potting mix.
Propagation by keiki
Another way to propagate Microcoelia obovata Summerh. is by using keikis, which are baby plants that grow on the mother plant. To propagate using keikis, you should carefully remove the keiki from the mother plant, being careful not to damage it. Once you have the keiki, plant it in a small pot with fresh potting mix and water it gently.
Propagation by cuttings
Propagation by cuttings is another method that can be used to propagate Microcoelia obovata Summerh. This method involves taking a stem cutting and planting it in a pot with fresh potting mix. It is important to use a sharp and sterile knife or scissors to take the cutting. After planting, keep the soil consistently moist and maintain high humidity around the cutting by covering it with a plastic bag or placing it in a greenhouse.
Propagation by seed
Propagation by seed is also possible for Microcoelia obovata Summerh. However, it is a more advanced method, and success rates can be lower. To propagate using seeds, you should obtain the seeds from a reputable source and plant them in a sterile, well-draining potting mix. Cover the pot with plastic to maintain high humidity, and keep it in a warm, bright location. The seeds should germinate within a few weeks.
Propagation is an essential technique for maintaining and expanding the population of Microcoelia obovata Summerh. By using one or more of these propagation methods, you can continue to enjoy and share this beautiful plant for many years to come.
Disease Management
Microcoelia obovata Summerh. is susceptible to various diseases, including fungal and bacterial infections. One of the common diseases that affect this plant is black rot, caused by the fungus Ascochyta microscopica. This disease causes black spots on leaves, stems, and flowers, which can lead to the death of the infected plant. To manage black rot, remove and destroy the affected plant parts and apply a fungicide to prevent the spread of the disease.
Another notable disease of Microcoelia obovata Summerh. is bacterial soft rot, caused by the bacteria Erwinia carotovora. This disease causes the affected plant parts to become soft, mushy, and discolored. To manage bacterial soft rot, remove and destroy the infected plants immediately. Ensure to maintain proper drainage and avoid overwatering to prevent the buildup of moisture and the growth of bacteria.
Pest Management
Various pests can attack Microcoelia obovata Summerh. These pests include spider mites, mealybugs, scale insects, and thrips. Spider mites suck sap from the plant, causing the leaves to turn yellow and the plant becomes stunted. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Mealybugs and scale insects also suck sap from plants, causing them to turn yellow and wilt. To manage these pests, use a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol to remove them from the plant. Repeat the process several times until all the pests are eliminated. Thrips, on the other hand, cause the leaves to curl or deform. To manage thrips, spray the plant with a suitable insecticide.
Overall, maintaining good cultural practices such as proper watering and good sanitation, and regularly monitoring the plant for signs of diseases and pests can significantly help manage the issues. Properly caring for Microcoelia obovata Summerh. can also improve its resistance to various pests and diseases.
