Overview of Microchloa Altera
Microchloa Altera (Rendle) Stapf is a perennial grass that belongs to the family Poaceae and is native to Africa, specifically in Namibia and South Africa. The plant has a variety of common names such as aneka grass, nodding micrachloa, and Basterbeesgras.
Appearance of Microchloa Altera
The plant has a tufted habit with culms reaching up to 80 cm in height. The leaves are flat with a width of around 1-1.5 mm and length up to 20 cm. The inflorescences are cream-colored and nodding, with a length of up to 10 cm. The flowering period ranges from December to March.
Uses of Microchloa Altera
The plant is primarily used as a forage for livestock. It is highly palatable, has reasonable nutritional value, and able to tolerate heavy grazing. Therefore, it is a valuable grazing grass, particularly in parts of Africa that experience drought and low rainfall. The leaves and culms have also been used traditionally as a source of fiber for weaving and in basketry.
Light Requirements
Microchloa altera typically grows in full sun to partial shade conditions. It requires ample sunlight for healthy growth and development.
Temperature Requirements
M. altera grows well in tropical and subtropical regions. The plant prefers warm temperatures ranging from 20-30°C. It cannot survive in frosty conditions.
Soil Requirements
The plant requires well-drained soils that are slightly acidic to neutral. The ideal soil pH should be between 6.0 to 7.5. The plant can also grow in sandy, loamy, and clayey soils but requires adequate moisture for optimal growth.
Cultivation Methods for Microchloa altera
The Microchloa altera plant can be grown either from seeds or through the division of clumps. If you choose to grow it from seeds, you should sow the seeds in a well-draining potting mix, and place the pot in a shaded area with temperatures around 20 to 25°C. If you decide to propagate through clump division, you can do so in the spring or early summer by dividing the clumps into smaller portions and planting them in separate pots.
Watering Needs for Microchloa altera
Microchloa altera requires a moderate amount of water. You should water the plant regularly, keeping the soil moist but not waterlogged. Make sure the pot has drainage holes to prevent water from stagnating in the soil and causing root rot. Water more frequently during hot and dry weather, and reduce watering during the winter months.
Fertilization of Microchloa altera
Microchloa altera needs regular feedings to thrive. You can use a balanced fertilizer, like a 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 ratio, every two to three weeks while the plant is actively growing. During the winter months, you can reduce fertilization to once a month to encourage the plant's dormancy.
Pruning of Microchloa altera
Microchloa altera doesn't require frequent pruning, but you can trim it back in the fall to remove any dead or damaged leaves. You can also trim it to maintain its shape or size. Make sure to use clean and sharp pruning shears to prevent damaging the plant's stems. Additionally, you can remove any spent flower spikes to encourage more growth.
Propagation of Microchloa altera (Rendle) Stapf
Microchloa altera (Rendle) Stapf, commonly known as alterative microchloa, is a perennial grass species that is native to the African continent. It is mainly propagated through seeds and division.
Seed propagation
The seeds of Microchloa altera can be collected once they have fully ripened on the plant. The collected seeds should be sown immediately or stored in a cool, dry place until ready for use. To enhance germination, the seeds can first be soaked in clean water for 24 to 48 hours and then dried before sowing.
The seeds should be sown at a depth of 3 to 4 mm in a well-draining potting mix or directly into prepared soil in the garden. The soil or potting mix should be kept moist, but not waterlogged, throughout the germination period, which usually takes between 2 to 4 weeks. Once the seedlings have grown to about 5 cm, they can be transplanted into their permanent location in the garden.
Division propagation
Microchloa altera can also be propagated through division which involves separating an established plant into smaller sections, each of which has its own roots and shoots. Division is best done in late winter or early spring before new growth appears.
The plant should be carefully dug out of the ground and the root ball gently teased apart to create smaller clumps. Each clump should have a minimum of three shoots and a healthy root system. These can then be replanted at the same depth as the original plant into well-draining soil and kept moist until new shoots emerge.
Disease Management
Microchloa altera is generally a hardy plant with no known serious diseases. However, it is possible for the plant to become infected with fungal diseases such as leaf rust and leaf spot. These diseases can be managed by regularly inspecting the plant for any signs of infection and promptly removing any infected areas. Avoid overhead watering and maintain good airflow around the plant to reduce the risk of fungal growth. If necessary, apply a suitable fungicide as directed on the label.
Pest Management
Microchloa altera is also relatively pest-resistant, but it may occasionally be infested by insects such as grasshoppers, aphids, and mites. These pests can be controlled by using insecticidal soaps or oils, or by introducing natural predators such as ladybugs or lacewings. Regularly inspect the plant for any signs of pest infestation and take prompt action to manage the problem. Additionally, maintaining healthy soil and providing proper irrigation and fertilization can help keep the plant strong and less susceptible to pest damage.