Origin
Microcharis sessilis (Thulin) Schrire is a small perennial plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family. It is native to Africa, specifically in the countries of Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa.
Common Names
The plant has several common names, including Dwarf Clovers, Microcharis, and Seswaa Plant.
General Appearance
Microcharis sessilis is a small, low-growing, herbaceous plant that only grows up to 10 cm in height. It has small leaves that are pinnately compound, with three leaflets that are hairless. The flowers are borne in small clusters, with bright yellow petals and greenish sepals. The fruits are small, flat, and densely hairy pods, which contain the plant's seeds.
Uses
The plant is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. For example, the roots of the plant are used to treat fever, while the leaves are used to treat stomach and intestinal disorders. The plant is also used as fodder for livestock and is an important source of nutrition for grazing animals, especially during the dry season. The plant's root nodules also contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which facilitate the uptake of nitrogen from the atmosphere and help to improve soil fertility.
Light
Microcharis sessilis (Thulin) Schrire is a plant that requires bright light exposure to grow well. Therefore, it is recommended to position it in areas where there is plenty of sunlight. The plant can also be grown under artificial light if the natural light exposure is insufficient.
Temperature
The plant can grow well in both warm and cool temperate regions. However, it requires moderate to high temperatures to thrive. Ideally, the daytime temperature should be between 20 and 30°C, while the night temperature should not fall below 15°C. If the temperatures are too low, the plant growth may be stunted, and the leaves may turn yellowish.
Soil
The plant prefers well-drained soils with a slightly acidic to neutral pH. The soil should also be rich in organic matter to provide the nutrients necessary for the growth and development of the plant. The soil should have good water retention capacity but at the same time allow for good drainage.
Cultivation
Microcharis sessilis is a low-growing, clumping plant that prefers well-draining soil and partial shade to full sunlight. It grows best in sandy or rocky soils and is adapted to hot and dry climates.
To cultivate this plant, it is recommended to start with healthy seedlings or established plants. When planting, make sure to dig a hole that is slightly larger than the root system of the plant. It is important to ensure that the top of the roots is level with the soil surface.
Watering Needs
When it comes to watering Microcharis sessilis, the plant prefers to be kept moist but not waterlogged. The frequency of watering will depend on the ambient temperature and humidity in your region.
In order to keep the soil consistently moist, it is best to water deeply and infrequently. Additionally, the soil should be allowed to dry slightly in between waterings to prevent overwatering, which can lead to root rot.
Fertilization
Microcharis sessilis generally requires moderate fertilization during the growing season to thrive. The plant is tolerant of a variety of fertilizers, but organic fertilizers are usually the best option for this species.
It is recommended to apply fertilizer once every four to six weeks during the growing season. This can be done by using a slow-release fertilizer or by applying a liquid fertilizer to the soil around the plant.
Pruning
Pruning Microcharis sessilis is not generally necessary, but dead or damaged leaves can be removed as they occur to keep the plant looking tidy. If the plant becomes overgrown and sparse, it can be cut back in the spring to promote new growth and bushiness.
When pruning, it is important to use sterilized pruning shears to prevent the spread of disease. Additionally, it is advisable to only remove up to one third of the plant at any one time.
Propagation of Microcharis sessilis
Microcharis sessilis is a perennial plant that belongs to the family Fabaceae. The plant can be propagated through various methods, including:
Seed propagation
The most common method of propagating Microcharis sessilis is through seed propagation. The seeds of the plant are usually collected from the seed pods, which are produced during the fruiting season. The seeds are then cleaned, dried, and sown in well-drained soil. It is essential to ensure that the soil remains moist for the seeds to germinate. The best time to sow the seeds is during the spring season.
Vegetative propagation
Microcharis sessilis can also be propagated vegetatively, especially through the division of rhizomes. The rhizomes can be carefully dug up from the parent plant and separated into smaller sections. Each section should have at least one mature shoot and a healthy root system. The separated sections can then be planted in a well-draining soil mixture. It is essential to ensure that the newly transplanted sections are well-watered until they establish themselves in the new location.
Cutting propagation
Cutting propagation involves taking stem cuttings from a healthy parent plant and propagating them in a soil mixture. The cuttings should be around 8 cm long and taken from the tips of a healthy plant. The lower leaves of the cuttings should be removed, and the base of the cutting should be dipped in rooting hormone. The cuttings should then be planted in soil, and the soil should be kept moist until the roots establish themselves.
Conclusion
Propagation is a critical process in ensuring the survival and growth of Microcharis sessilis. Seed propagation, division of rhizomes, and cutting propagation are all effective methods of propagating the plant. Growers can choose the method that suits their specific needs and requirements. With proper care and attention, Microcharis sessilis will thrive and produce beautiful blooms.
Disease and Pest Management for Microcharis Sessilis
Microcharis Sessilis is a fast-growing, low-maintenance plant that is resistant to most pests and diseases. However, certain environmental factors and improper care can predispose the plant to some health problems that can impact their growth and survival.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that can affect Microcharis Sessilis is root rot, caused by overwatering or poor drainage. The roots of the plant rot and disintegrate, leading to stunted growth and death. To manage root rot, you should reduce watering and ensure proper drainage. Treat any affected plants by removing the damaged parts, repotting in fresh soil, and watering sparingly to encourage new root growth.
Another disease that can impact the plant is fungal leaf spot. It appears as circular, water-soaked spots on the leaves that turn brown and papery as they age. The spots can eventually coalesce and cause defoliation. Use a fungicide to manage the spread of the fungus, and ensure adequate ventilation and sunlight for the plant to reduce humidity levels.
Common Pests
Although Microcharis Sessilis is resistant to most pests, it can be affected by spider mites, mealybugs and scale insects. These pests feed on the sap and tissues of the plant causing yellowing and wilting of the leaves. Manage the pest outbreak by spraying the plant with a suitable insecticide, and isolating affected plants to prevent the infestation from spreading. Avoid over-fertilizing the plant because it creates a favorable environment for pests.
In conclusion, by providing adequate care and regular inspection of the plant’s health, you can prevent most diseases and pest infestations. In some cases where outbreaks occur, act fast to control and manage the spread for the best chances of recovery. With proper care, Microcharis Sessilis can thrive and add a touch of elegance to your indoor or outdoor space.
