Origin and Common Names
Micarea globularis (Ach. ex Nyl.) Hedl. is a species of lichen that is commonly found in Europe, North America, and Asia. It is also known as Micarea kelleyi or globular shadow lichen.General Appearance
Micarea globularis has a distinctive appearance that sets it apart from other lichens. It forms small (1-2mm) greenish-yellow to pale brownish-yellow globular cushions that are smooth to the touch. The cushions are typically less than 5mm in diameter and are often found growing on the bark of trees or on damp rocks. The lichen's apothecia (cup-like structures) are usually pale or brownish-yellow and emerge from the surface of the cushions.Uses
Micarea globularis is not used for any medicinal or commercial purposes. However, it is an important indicator species and can be used to monitor air quality in urban areas. Micarea globularis is highly sensitive to air pollution and can quickly disappear from areas with poor air quality. As a result, its presence in an urban area can indicate a relatively low level of air pollution. Overall, Micarea globularis is a fascinating and unique plant that serves an important ecological function. Its distinctive appearance and sensitivity to air pollution make it a valuable indicator species for researchers and environmentalists.Light requirements
Micarea globularis is classified as a saxicolous lichen, which means that it grows on rocks and stones. As such, it requires bright light to thrive. The species can tolerate some shading but will not grow well in deep shade. It is commonly found in open habitats such as rocks, cliffs, and boulders that receive full sun exposure.
Temperature requirements
Micarea globularis is known to have a wide range of temperature tolerance. The species can grow in temperatures as low as -10°C and as high as 30°C. Optimal growth occurs in temperatures ranging from 5°C to 20°C. During the winter season, the lichen species can tolerate freezing temperatures due to its ability to withstand desiccation. However, prolonged exposure to high temperatures above 30°C can cause severe damage to the plant.
Soil requirements
Micarea globularis is not a true plant and does not have roots, stems, or leaves. As a result, it does not have specific soil requirements. The plant instead obtains its nutrients and moisture from the air and surrounding substrates. The species' life cycle is uniquely adapted to survive in harsh environments where other plants cannot. It can grow on a wide range of substrates such as stones, rocks, and gravel. However, it is commonly found on calcareous rocks and limestones which possess a higher pH value.
Cultivation of Micarea Globularis
The Micarea Globularis plant is relatively easy to cultivate and grow. It requires a suitable growing environment, and following the below guidelines will enable it to thrive.
Light and Temperature Requirements
Micarea Globularis grows preferably in low light conditions. A north-facing windowsill, or an indirect sunlight room, is an ideal location for placing this plant. It requires moderate temperatures, maintaining a range of 15ºC to 25ºC.
Watering Needs
Micarea Globularis does not tolerate overwatering nor underwatering. A good practice is to water it when the top half-inch soil is dry. This plant thrives in moist yet well-draining soils. Make sure not to leave it with water sitting in the drainage holes.
Fertilization
Micarea Globularis does not demand regular fertilization. However, applying a half-strength balanced fertilizer, every three months, during the growing seasons, will enhance its growth.
Pruning
Micarea Globularis requires occasional pruning to maintain its compact, round shape. Snipping off the yellowing or dying leaves, stem tips, or any damaged parts, will improve its appearance.
Propagation of Micarea globularis
Micarea globularis (Ach. ex Nyl.) Hedl. is a lichenized fungus that primarily reproduces through spore formation. However, the preparation of spores and their subsequent growth can be quite complex and time-consuming. Therefore, the propagation of M. globularis through spore formation is not the most practical method for home gardeners and hobbyists.
Vegetative Propagation
The most practical method for propagating Micarea globularis is through vegetative means. This lichen propagates itself vegetatively through the production of soredia and isidia. Both soredia and isidia are small, asexually produced fragments of the lichen that can grow and develop into a new individual.
Soredia are small, powdery masses composed of fungal cells wrapped in a thin layer of algae that detaches from the upper cortex of the thallus. These fragments can be blown away by the wind, carried by insects, or distributed by other means to new suitable substrates where they can develop into fully grown plants. Soredia can be collected and spread by placing the lichen upside down on paper for a day or more. This method ensures that the soredia have released from the surface of the lichen and can be collected and used for propagation.
Isidia, on the other hand, are small, protruding growths of the lichen that detach from the upper cortex. Same as soredia, isidia can be blown away by the wind or carried by insects to other suitable substrates where they can develop into fully grown lichens.
Conclusion
Propagation of Micarea globularis through vegetation is quite easy and a practical option for home gardeners and hobbyists. Using soredia or isidia, gardeners can propagate this lichen to produce new colonies without the need for spores or complex propagating methods. As long as the suitable substrate where Micarea globularis can grow and develop are present, propagation through vegetation is a successful and practical way to grow this species.
Disease and Pest Management for Micarea globularis
Micarea globularis is a species of lichen that may suffer from several diseases and pest infestations. Proper disease and pest management is essential for the plant's survival and propagation. Here are some of the most common problems and solutions for Micarea globularis:
Diseases
Lichen parasitic fungi: Micarea globularis is prone to infestation by parasitic fungi that cause lichenicolous disease. These pathogens can infect the lichen thallus and cause changes in its morphology, affecting its ability to photosynthesize. To manage this disease, it is necessary to remove infected thalli and dispose of them carefully to prevent the spread of the pathogens to healthy individuals.
Lichen overgrowth: Micarea globularis can be overgrown by other lichen species, which can cause damage to its thallus and reduce its fitness. To prevent overgrowth, it is advisable to maintain optimal growing conditions for Micarea globularis, such as providing adequate light and moisture, and reducing competition from other lichen species by removing them manually if necessary.
Pests
Snails and slugs: These mollusks can cause serious damage to Micarea globularis by feeding on its thallus. To manage this pest, a physical barrier such as a copper tape or mesh can be used around plants to prevent snails and slugs from accessing them. Alternatively, organic repellents such as beer traps or eggshells can be used to deter them.
Mites: Some mites can feed on lichens, including Micarea globularis, causing chlorosis, necrosis and deformation of the thallus. To control mite infestations, it may be beneficial to introduce natural predators such as predatory mites or ladybugs, or use insecticidal sprays that are safe for lichen growth.
Overall, proper disease and pest management is essential for the success of Micarea globularis cultivation. It is important to maintain healthy growing conditions and take preventive measures to minimize the risk of infestations and diseases. If necessary, treatment should be done promptly to prevent further damage to the plant.
