Overview
Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck, commonly known as the "pigface" or "ice plant," is a flowering plant that belongs to the Aizoaceae family. Its roots can grow up to 60 centimeters deep into the soil, making it a drought-resistant plant that requires minimal maintenance. This versatile plant has various uses in horticulture and medicine.Origin
Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck is native to South Africa, where it grows in sandy and rocky soils and is a common plant in the coastal regions.Common Names
The plant is commonly known as the "pigface" due to its large, fleshy leaves that resemble the face of a pig. It is also referred to as the "ice plant" because of its icy appearance when covered in dew.Appearance
Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck has succulent, cylindrical leaves that grow up to 15 centimeters long and 1.5 centimeters wide. Its showy, daisy-like flowers come in a range of colors, including pink, purple, yellow, and white. The flowers bloom in the summer and are approximately 5 centimeters in diameter.Uses
The plant's fleshy leaves and stem contain a gel-like substance that is commonly used in the cosmetic industry for skincare products, especially those designed for dry skin. The gel is high in vitamins and minerals and has anti-inflammatory properties that soothe irritations. In horticulture, the plant is popularly used as ground cover due to its rapid growth, low maintenance, and attractive appearance. The flowers make stunning additions to flower arrangements and can be used in potpourri. The pigface is an important medicinal plant in traditional African medicine, where it is used to treat various ailments, including inflammation, diarrhea, and dysentery. The extract of the plant has also been shown to have significant antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. In summary, Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck is a versatile plant that has multiple uses in horticulture, cosmetics, and medicine. Its showy flowers and fleshy leaves make it an attractive and popular plant for gardens and landscaping.Light Requirements:
Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck thrives well in full sun. It requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight exposure during the day. The plant is known for its ability to tolerate intense sunlight and high heat conditions.
Temperature Requirements:
The plant can withstand a wide range of temperatures. However, it grows best in warm temperatures. The ideal daytime temperature range for the plant is between 75 and 85 degrees Fahrenheit. At night, the temperature should not be allowed to drop below 50 degrees Fahrenheit. Cold temperatures can damage the leaves and flowers of the plant.
Soil Requirements:
The plant grows well in well-drained soil that is rich in nutrients. It can tolerate slightly alkaline or acidic soil. The pH level of the soil should range between 6.0 and 7.5. It is important to ensure that the soil is not waterlogged as it can lead to root rot. The addition of organic matter such as compost or peat moss can improve soil fertility and drainage.
Cultivation Methods
Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck is a sun-loving plant that requires well-draining soil and plenty of air circulation. When selecting a planting location, choose an area that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight each day and has loose, sandy soil.
Start seeds indoors six to eight weeks before the last expected frost, or sow them directly in the garden after all danger of frost has passed. Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep and keep the soil moist until germination occurs. Transplant seedlings outdoors once they have developed their second set of true leaves.
Watering Needs
Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck prefers infrequent, deep waterings over frequent, shallow waterings. Water the plant once the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch, and make sure to thoroughly saturate the root zone. Avoid getting water on the leaves, as this can lead to fungal diseases.
Fertilization
Apply a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer every two to three weeks during the growing season. Be sure to follow the package instructions carefully, as over-fertilization can lead to stunted growth and reduced blooming. If the plant appears to be growing weakly or showing signs of poor health, cut back on fertilization or adjust the timing.
Pruning
Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck generally does not require regular pruning. However, if the plant becomes leggy or untidy in appearance, you can pinch back the tips of the stems to encourage bushier growth. Deadhead spent flowers regularly to promote continued blooming.
Propagation of Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck
Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck can be propagated by seeds and stem cuttings.
Propagation by Seeds
Seeds of Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck can be sown directly into the soil or started indoors. The best time for sowing the seeds is in spring or summer when the temperature is warm. The seeds should be sown in well-drained soil, and they need light to germinate. Therefore, do not cover the seeds with soil, but press them gently into the soil and keep them moist. Germination can take one to three weeks.
Propagation by Stem Cuttings
Stem cuttings of Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck root easily in well-drained soil. Take a stem cutting that is about 4-6 inches long and has a few leaves. Remove the leaves from the bottom half of the stem, leaving only a few at the top. Dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone and plant it in moist soil. Place it in bright, indirect light and keep the soil moist until roots have formed.
Disease Management
Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck is prone to some fungal infections that can cause severe damage to the plant. To manage these diseases, it is essential to prevent moisture accumulation on the leaves and stem. Using a well-draining soil mix and avoiding overwatering can prevent many fungal infections. In case of infection, copper-based fungicides and neem oil are effective in managing these diseases. Regularly removing infected leaves and discarded plant debris can prevent the spread of the disease.
Pest Management
The most common pests that affect Mesembryanthemum rostratum L. var. brevibracteatum Salm-Dyck are spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs. These pests can weaken or even kill the plant through nutrient depletion and the spread of diseases. One way to manage them is by using insecticidal soaps or neem oil. These natural products are effective in controlling pest populations without the use of harmful chemicals. Regularly inspecting the plant can help identify pest infestations early, making it easier to manage them before they cause significant damage. Additionally, maintaining good air circulation around the plant can help prevent the buildup of pest populations.
