Overview
Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus, commonly called as the 'Trailing Ice Plant' or 'Pebble Plant' is an ornamental, succulent groundcover species that is native to the granite hills and flats of South Africa's Eastern Cape Province. The evergreen plant belongs to the Aizoaceae family, which has over 2700 species of mostly succulent plants.
Appearance
Mesembryanthemum calandrum is a low-growing, prostrate succulent that forms a dense mat or carpet of foliage over the ground. The leaves are fleshy and cylindrical, pale green and measure about 5cm long and 0.5cm in diameter. The branches of the plant are up to 35cm in length and trail to the ground, rooting as they touch the soil. In the spring and summer, the plant produces a profusion of small flowers that resemble daisy-like stars, with white or pink petals and yellow centers, that close up at night.
Uses
Mesembryanthemum calandrum is valued for its ornamental value and grows best in areas with well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter. It is an ideal groundcover plant for rock gardens, in pots or hanging baskets, and as edging in garden beds. The plant also exhibits some medicinal properties and is used in traditional medicine to promote wound healing and soothe skin conditions.
Mesembryanthemum calandrum is relatively easy to care for, and is tolerant of drought and cool temperatures, making it ideal for planting in dry gardens or rockeries.
Light Requirements
Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus prefers full sun to partial shade. Therefore, it requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight each day. It can grow in slightly shady locations but may be less likely to flower.
Temperature Requirements
This plant grows best in warm temperatures, between 60-80°F (15-26°C). It tolerates hot summer temperatures as long as it is provided with enough water to prevent dehydration. Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus is also adaptable to cool temperatures as long as it is not exposed to frost.
Soil Requirements
The soil should be well-draining and fertile with a neutral pH level. A sandy or loamy soil mix is ideal for Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus because of its ability to drain water quickly, and it also provides enough space for the roots to breathe. This plant does not tolerate heavy clay soils that can lead to root rot. Adding a thin layer of organic mulch to the soil surface helps maintain soil moisture levels and suppresses weed growth.
Cultivation Methods
Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus is a drought-tolerant plant that benefits from full sun exposure and well-draining soil. The plant can be grown indoors or outdoors, but it thrives best when grown outside in an area with a mild climate. When planting, ensure that the soil's pH is between 6.0-7.5, and space the seedlings at least 6 inches apart. The plant requires minimal care, making it an ideal plant for novice gardeners.
Watering Needs
Since Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus is a drought-resistant plant, it requires minimal water. When growing the plants, ensure that the soil is completely dry between watering each time. Overwatering the plant may lead to root rot, which may cause the plant to die. It is best to use a watering can to deliver water directly to the soil to prevent wetting the foliage, which may cause sunscald.
Fertilization
The plant does not require frequent fertilization, as too much fertilizer may cause the plant to produce more leaves than flowers. A balanced, slow-release fertilizer can be applied once every four to six weeks during the growing season. However, when using a fertilizing agent, ensure it is low in nitrogen but high in phosphorus and potassium.
Pruning
Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus does not require frequent pruning as it grows to a compact height of about 6-8 inches. However, if the plant grows beyond its desired height, the top third of the plant can be pinched off, promoting bushier growth. Deadheading the plant regularly can result in continuous blooming throughout the growing season.
Propagation of Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus
Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus, commonly known as "Livingstone daisy," is a beautiful and fast-growing herbaceous plant, native to South Africa. The plant is usually propagated from seed, but it can also be propagated through vegetative means such as cuttings and division.
Propagation from seed
Propagation from seed is the primary method of propagating Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus. The seeds can be sown directly in the garden bed or started indoors in pots. For indoor sowing, the seeds should be sown in a well-draining seed starting mix and kept moist until germination. Germination usually occurs within 7-14 days. Once the seedlings have developed a few leaves, they can be transplanted to their permanent location.
Propagation from cuttings
Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus can also be propagated from stem cuttings. The best time to take cuttings is during the early spring or summer. The cuttings should be taken from healthy, vigorous plants and should be about 3-4 inches long. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cut ends in rooting hormone. Plant the cuttings in a well-draining mixture of potting soil and sand and water thoroughly. Place the cuttings in bright, indirect light and keep the soil moist until they have rooted and new growth has started.
Propagation by division
Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus can also be propagated by division. This is best done during the early spring or fall. To divide the plant, gently dig it up and remove the excess soil from the roots. Use a sharp, clean tool to separate the plant's roots into several sections, each with a healthy stem and root system. Replant the divisions in a well-draining soil mixture and keep the soil moist until new growth has started.
Disease and Pest Management of Mesembryanthemum Calandrum L.Bolus
Mesembryanthemum calandrum L.Bolus, commonly known as tricolor ice plant, is a succulent plant that requires minimal care. However, it is still susceptible to certain diseases and pests. Effective disease and pest management is essential to keep the plant healthy.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that affect Mesembryanthemum calandrum is root rot. This disease is caused by overwatering or poor drainage. A sign of root rot is wilting foliage. To manage root rot, reduce watering frequency and improve soil drainage. Disinfect pruning tools, pots, and trays before using them again.
Another disease that affects this plant is powdery mildew. Powdery mildew forms white, powdery patches on the leaves and stems of the plant. This disease can be caused by high humidity and poor air circulation. To manage powdery mildew, maintain good air circulation around the plant, avoid watering the foliage, and remove affected leaves.
Common Pests
The most common pests that affect Mesembryanthemum calandrum are spider mites and aphids. These pests are attracted by stressed or weakened plants. Spider mites form fine webbing on the plant and cause yellowing of the foliage. To manage spider mites, use a strong stream of water to wash them off the plant or use neem oil as a natural pesticide.
Aphids feed on the sap of the plant and cause distortion of the foliage. They also excrete honeydew, which attracts ants and encourages the growth of sooty mold. To manage aphids, spray the plant with a mixture of water and dish soap, or use a natural pesticide such as neem oil.
Preventive Measures
To prevent diseases and pest infestations, maintain good cultural practices such as proper watering, good air circulation, and avoiding over-fertilization. Regularly inspect the plant for signs of pests or diseases. If you notice any problems, immediately remove affected leaves or treat pests with natural pesticides.
To avoid introducing pests or diseases into healthy plants, disinfect all tools, pots, and trays before using them again. Avoid overcrowding, as it can lead to poor air circulation and increased humidity. By practicing good preventive measures, you can ensure the healthy growth of your Mesembryanthemum calandrum.
