Overview
Melinis tanatricha (Rendle) Zizka, also known as Natal Redtop, is a perennial plant species belonging to the Poaceae family. It is native to Africa and is widely cultivated in other tropical and subtropical regions for ornamental purposes and as a forage crop.
Appearance
The plant has a dense tufted growth habit, with culms that grow up to 1.5 meters in height. The leaves are green and narrow, with a length of about 30 cm and a width of around 1 cm. The inflorescence is a spike-like panicle with reddish or purple flowers that appear throughout the year, usually in summer and autumn.
Common Names
The plant is commonly referred to as Natal Redtop, Nodding Redtop, or simply Redtop Grass. In some regions, it is also known as Molasses Grass, due to its sweet taste and high sugar content.
Uses
Melinis tanatricha has several uses, including as a forage crop for livestock, for soil erosion control, and as an ornamental plant. The plant has high nutritional value and is palatable to livestock. It is also used as a cover crop to improve soil fertility and prevent nutrient loss. Additionally, the plant's attractive appearance and long flowering period make it a popular choice for landscaping and decoration in gardens and parks.
Growth Conditions for Melinis tanatricha (Rendle) Zizka
Melinis tanatricha (Rendle) Zizka is a perennial grass species that is native to Africa, and is commonly known as natal redtop. When it comes to the growth conditions for this plant, several factors should be considered.
Light Requirements
Melinis tanatricha requires full sun to grow properly and produce healthy foliage. This species is adapted to living in the open grasslands of Africa, where it receives abundant sunlight. Therefore, it will not thrive in shady locations.
Temperature Requirements
This plant species requires a warm and humid climate to grow well. Melinis tanatricha is tolerant of high temperatures, and it will grow best in temperatures ranging from 20 to 30°C. It can also tolerate temperatures as low as 10°C, but anything below that can damage the plant.
Soil Requirements
The ideal soil for Melinis tanatricha is fertile, well-drained, and has a slightly acidic to neutral pH. The plant prefers sandy or loamy soils and can tolerate soils that are slightly alkaline. However, it is not suitable for growing in soils that are heavy and clayey or poorly drained, which can cause root rot.
In conclusion, to grow Melinis tanatricha successfully, you will need to provide it with full sunlight, a warm and humid climate, and fertile and well-drained soil. By providing these optimum growth conditions, you can expect to have a healthy and thriving crop of natal redtop grass.
Cultivation methods
Melinis tanatricha (Rendle) Zizka plant grows well in full sun to partial shade, and the soil should be fertile, well-drained, and moderately acidic to slightly alkaline. The plant can tolerate drought conditions but does not do well in waterlogged soils. It is best to plant the Melinis tanatricha seeds in early spring or summer. The seeds should be sown directly into the ground at a depth of about 1/8th inch.Watering needs
Melinis tanatricha plants require regular watering during the growing season. The soil should be moist but not waterlogged. The frequency of watering should be reduced during winter and periods of dormancy. The plant can tolerate short periods of drought, but it's always better to keep the soil consistently moist.Fertilization
Melinis tanatricha plants require moderate fertilization during the growing season to support healthy growth and development. Applying a balanced fertilizer every 2-3 weeks is ideal. You can either use a commercial fertilizer or organic compost. If you opt for organic manure, ensure it is well-rotted to avoid burning the roots.Pruning
Melinis tanatricha plants do not require much pruning. However, deadheading can help maintain their appearance and encourage the growth of new blooms. You can use pruning shears to remove dead and damaged stems as needed. Additionally, removing spent flowers can also promote more blooms.Propagation of Melinis tanatricha (Rendle) Zizka
Melinis tanatricha (Rendle) Zizka, commonly known as Natal red top grass, is a perennial grass species that is native to South Africa. The plant is drought-resistant and can grow up to 1.5 m in height. The plant spreads through both sexual and asexual means. Propagation of Melinis tanatricha can be done through various methods, which include:
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is the most common way of propagating Melinis tanatricha. To propagate the plant through seeds, collect mature seeds during the flowering season. Sow the seeds on well-drained soil in a nursery bed or seed tray. Germination of the seeds will take approximately 2-3 weeks. Seedlings can be transplanted to their permanent site once they reach the desired size.
Division Propagation
Division propagation of Melinis tanatricha involves dividing the plant's rhizomes into smaller segments and replanting them. This method is best done during the plant's dormant season. Dig up the plant and cut the rhizomes into smaller pieces that have two or three shoots each. Replant the rhizomes in rows spaced out according to the plant's recommended spacing.
Stem Cuttings Propagation
Propagation of Melinis tanatricha through stem cuttings is possible but can be challenging. This method works best during the plant's growing season. Cut a stem that has at least two nodes and roots it in well-drained soil. Ensure that the soil is kept moist after planting. Rooting of the stem cuttings can take up to four weeks.
Transplanting
Melinis tanatricha can also be propagated by transplanting offshoots. These are small plantlets that grow around the main plant. Transplant the offshoots into individual pots filled with good quality soil. Water regularly, and after they have established roots, they can be transplanted on a permanent site.
Disease Management
Melinis tanatricha is not generally prone to disease, but can occasionally be affected by fungal infections.
Anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, can cause brown lesions on the leaves and stems of the plant. To manage this disease, remove infected plant debris and avoid overhead watering. Fungicides may also be applied as a preventative measure.
Rust diseases caused by fungi such as Puccinia and Uromyces can also affect the plant, leading to yellow or brown spots on the leaves. Plant debris should be removed and destroyed as a preventative measure. Fungicides can also be applied to manage rust diseases.
Pest Management
Melinis tanatricha can be affected by a few different pests, including aphids and grasshoppers.
Aphids can cause damage to the plant by sucking the sap from the leaves and can be managed by using insecticidal soap or neem oil. Natural predators such as ladybugs or lacewings can also be introduced to control aphid populations.
Grasshoppers can also be managed by using insecticidal soap or neem oil. Row covers can also be used as a preventative measure to protect the plants.
