Origin and Common Names
Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. var. pilosa Stapf is a species of grass that is native to Africa. It is commonly known as Natal redtop or simply redtop grass.Appearance
Redtop grass grows to a height of about 40-50cm, and it has slender, wiry stems. Its leaves are narrow and flat, measuring about 5-15cm in length. The panicles of the grass are red or purplish-red, and they are densely packed with tiny flowers.Uses
Redtop grass is primarily used for grazing by livestock, particularly cattle and horses. It is also used as a forage crop in various countries such as Brazil, where it was introduced as a pasture grass. Additionally, it is used for soil stabilization and conservation, due to its ability to resist drought and erosion. In some African countries, the grass is used for thatching roofs, and the seeds are ground into flour for making bread. Redtop grass is also used in traditional medicine, as it has been found to possess anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties. Overall, Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. var. pilosa Stapf is a versatile plant with multiple uses, both in agriculture and other areas.hereLight Requirements
Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. var. pilosa Stapf requires full sun to partial shade for optimal growth. It can tolerate some shade but should not be planted in areas with heavy shade.
Temperature Requirements
The plant can grow in a wide range of temperatures but prefers warm temperatures between 20°C to 35°C (68°F to 95°F). It is drought-resistant and can withstand a wide range of temperature fluctuations but cannot tolerate frost.
Soil Requirements
Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. var. pilosa Stapf can grow in a variety of soil types but prefers well-draining soils with a pH of 5.5 to 7.0. The plant is tolerant of dry and infertile soils, but it cannot tolerate waterlogged soils.
Cultivation
Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. var. pilosa Stapf, commonly known as molasses grass, prefers full sun to partial shade and grows best in well-drained soil. It can tolerate drought but does not grow well in waterlogged soil. The planting can be done directly by seed, or through transplanting.
Watering Needs
Molasses grass needs regular watering, especially during dry spells, but overwatering must be avoided. Too much water can lead to root rot and fungus growth. It is essential to maintain the right level of soil moisture to support healthy growth.
Fertilization
Molasses grass benefits from adequate fertilization to promote lush growth and better resistance to pests and diseases. A balanced fertilizer with equal parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can be applied monthly, starting from three months after planting.
Pruning
Molasses grass requires little pruning, except for removing dead or damaged stems. It is recommended to cut back the entire plant to a few inches from the ground once a year, preferably in spring or early summer. This practice encourages fresh growth and enhances the appearance of the plant.
Propagation of Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. var. pilosa Stapf
Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. var. pilosa Stapf, commonly known as Natal red top, is a warm-season perennial grass native to southern Africa. The plant is propagated through both sexual and asexual methods.
Sexual propagation
The plant can be propagated by sowing seeds. The seeds need to be collected from fully mature plants and stored in a cool, dry place until planting. Generally, the best time to sow seeds is during the spring or early summer when soil temperature and moisture conditions are optimal. The seeds should be planted about 1cm deep in well-prepared, weed-free soil. Germination usually occurs within two to four weeks.
Asexual propagation
Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. var. pilosa Stapf can also be propagated through vegetative means such as stem cuttings and division of clumps. Stem cuttings should be taken from healthy, disease-free plants and rooted in a well-draining potting mix. The cuttings should be kept in a humid place until rooting occurs, after which they can be transplanted to the garden. Division of clumps involves carefully separating mature plants into smaller sections and replanting them in prepared soil. This method should be done during the dormant season.
Disease Management
Several diseases can affect Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. var. pilosa Stapf. They include:
- Leaf spot: This disease is caused by the fungus Cercospora henningsii. It causes circular dark brown spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, remove and destroy infected plant parts, and apply fungicides.
- Leaf smut: This disease is caused by the fungus Sorosporium melinis. It causes distorted leaves and the appearance of blisters that turn black. To manage this disease, remove and destroy infected plant parts, and apply fungicides.
- Powdery mildew: This disease is caused by the fungus Erysiphe pisi. It appears as a white to gray powdery growth on the leaves. To manage this disease, ensure good air circulation around the plant, avoid overhead watering, and apply fungicides.
Pest Management
Several pests can attack Melinis minutiflora P.Beauv. var. pilosa Stapf. They include:
- Aphids: These are small insects that suck sap from the leaves causing the leaves to yellow and curl. To manage this pest, use insecticidal soap or neem oil. Also, encourage natural predators of aphids such as ladybugs.
- Grasshoppers: These are serious pests that can defoliate the plant if not controlled. To manage them, use insecticides or physical barriers such as netting to keep them away from the plant.
- Caterpillars: These pests can cause severe damage to the leaves and stems of the plant by chewing on them. To manage them, use Bacillus thuringiensis or insecticides.
