Origin
Melicope hiiakae, also known as B.C. Stone, is a plant species that is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. It is primarily found on the island of Kauai and is one of the rarest plant species in the world.
Common Names
Aside from B.C. Stone, Melicope hiiakae is also known by its common name, Hiiaka's Melicope. It was named after the Hawaiian goddess Hiiaka, who is said to have used this plant's bark to protect her from evil spirits.
Uses
Traditionally, the bark of the Melicope hiiakae plant has been used for medicinal purposes, including treating stomach aches and as a topical treatment for skin conditions. However, due to its rarity, it is now protected under the Endangered Species Act, and harvesting is strictly prohibited.
General Appearance
Melicope hiiakae is a small evergreen tree that can grow up to 15 feet tall. It has large, glossy, and dark green leaves that are arranged in an alternating pattern on its branches. The plant produces small, white flowers that are shaped like stars and have a sweet fragrance.
Its bark is smooth, gray, and has a distinct peppery smell. The wood, which is soft and light, was historically used to make poi pounders and other tools.
Overall, the Melicope hiiakae is a visually striking plant with important spiritual and cultural significance to the people of Hawaii.
Light Requirements
Melicope hiiakae requires full sun to partial shade for optimal growth. The plant can grow in shaded areas, but blooms may be more sparse and the growth rate may be slower.
Temperature Requirements
The plant thrives in warm temperatures with a range of 60°F to 85°F (15.5°C to 29.4°C). It can tolerate some amount of cold, but extended periods of frost can damage or kill Melicope hiiakae.
Soil Requirements
Melicope hiiakae grows best in well-drained soils with pH levels that range from neutral to slightly acidic. The ideal soil consists of loamy sand with good fertility and the ability to hold moisture. The plant can tolerate rocky and gravelly soils but may require additional irrigation in such conditions.
Cultivation methods
Melicope hiiakae (B.C. Stone) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone is a plant that is native to Hawaii and is commonly known as the "hiiaka" tree. It can be grown both indoors and outdoors, provided the appropriate growing conditions are met. If grown indoors, ensure the plant has adequate access to bright, indirect sunlight. Outdoors, the plant needs to be planted in a well-draining soil mixture that is rich in organic matter.Watering needs
Melicope hiiakae (B.C. Stone) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone prefers evenly moist soil. It is important not to allow the soil to become waterlogged or too dry. Water the plant deeply once a week and ensure the soil dries moderately before the next watering. Avoid allowing water to pool at the base of the plant as this can cause root rot.Fertilization
Melicope hiiakae (B.C. Stone) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone requires regular feeding using a balanced, slow-release fertilizer. Fertilize the plant monthly during the growing season and reduce feeding during the winter months. Apply the fertilizer according to the instructions on the packaging to avoid overfeeding, which can cause damage to the plant.Pruning
Melicope hiiakae (B.C. Stone) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone does not require regular pruning, but removing any dead or damaged leaves or branches promotes healthy growth. Pruning should be done during the spring or early summer months when the plant is actively growing. Use a pair of clean, sharp shears to make clean cuts and avoid tearing the plant tissue. To prevent the spread of disease, sanitize your pruning tools before and after use.Propagation of Melicope Hiiakae
Melicope hiiakae or the Alani or Hua'ula tree is a species of flowering plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae. It is endemic to Hawaii, specifically the island of Molokai where it is a rare and endangered species. The plant is highly valued for its beauty and cultural significance. The plant's propagation can be through seed or cutting.
Propagation through Seed
Propagation through seed is one of the best methods to grow Melicope hiiakae, and it is accessible to most growers. The seeds that come from the plant's fruits are collected and sown as soon as possible in soil beds or pots filled with well-draining soil.
The seedlings will emerge after two to three weeks, and they will require sufficient light and moisture. The young plants should not be exposed to direct sunlight as they are sensitive to harsh climatic conditions.
After four to six months, the seedlings will be ready for transplantation. Transplantation should be done carefully to prevent damage to the roots. The seedlings can be transferred to bigger pots or transplanted directly into the ground.
Propagation through Cuttings
Propagation through cutting is another common method of reproducing Melicope hiiakae. The cutting should be approximately 10 cm long and from a healthy plant that must be free from any pests and diseases.
The cutting should be prepared by removing the leaves from the bottom of the stem. The cutting is then dipped in a rooting hormone and planted in well-draining soil.
The cutting should be placed in a warm and humid area with indirect sunlight, and the soil should be kept moist. The establishment of roots takes approximately four months, and after that, the plant can be transplanted.
Propagation of Melicope hiiakae can be a challenging process, but with the right techniques and care, one can grow this extraordinary plant and contribute to the conservation of this endangered species.
Disease Management for Melicope hiiakae
Melicope hiiakae is a hardy plant, but it can still fall prey to certain diseases. Some of the common diseases that affect this plant include:
- Anthracnose: This is a fungal disease that causes yellowing, wilting, and sometimes death of leaves and branches. The disease spreads quickly in wet and humid conditions.
- Canker: This is a disease caused by fungi that attack the bark of the tree. It can cause bark to crack and fall off, leading to serious damage or even death. Canker usually appears on older branches and stems, and pruning the infected tissue from the tree can help prevent its spread.
- Root Rot: This is a disease caused by fungi that thrive in moist soil, causing root damage and rotting. Infected roots become brown and mushy, and the plant may wilt and die. Proper soil drainage and watering habits can help prevent root rot.
To manage these diseases, you should keep the plant in well-drained soil and avoid overwatering. Remove and destroy any infected plant parts and prune any damaged or dead branches. Fungicides can also be applied as a preventive measure if needed.
Pest Management for Melicope hiiakae
Melicope hiiakae is also susceptible to various pests. Some of the common pests that affect this plant include:
- Aphids: These are small insects that suck sap from the plant, causing leaves to yellow and wilt. They can be controlled by spraying the plant with a strong stream of water or insecticidal soap.
- Spider Mites: These pests are tiny and hard to see, but they can cause serious damage to the plant by sucking sap from the leaves. A forceful spray of water or insecticidal soap can help control spider mites.
- Scale Insects: These insects attach themselves to the plant's leaves and stems and suck sap from the plant. They can be controlled with insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.
To manage these pests, you should regularly inspect the plant and remove any infested leaves or branches. You can also use natural predators like Ladybugs to eat the pests. In severe cases, you can use insecticides to control the pests, but it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully.
