Melica subulata (Griseb.) Scribn. var. subulata: A Detailed Description
Melica subulata (Griseb.) Scribn. var. subulata, commonly known as slender melic, is a species of grass that belongs to the Poaceae family. It is native to North America and is found in various states, including Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, and British Columbia in Canada.
General Appearance
The slender melic plant has a bunchgrass habit which can grow up to 3 feet tall. The leaves are thin, narrow, and resemble long, pointed blades, typically measuring around 4-12 inches long and less than 0.5 cm wide. The leaves are usually folded along the midrib, giving them their flat and narrow shape.
The inflorescence is a loose, nodding panicle that arises from the upper stem. The panicle can be up to 10 inches long and has many branches, each containing two or three spikelets. The spikelets are compact and oblong, with an average length of 4-6 mm.
Common Names
Slender melic has various common names, including slender oniongrass, tall melic, slim melic, and mountain melic. The name "melic" comes from the Greek word "melos," which means "song," which refers to the rustling sound the leaves make when the wind blows through them.
Uses
Slender melic is a useful plant for soil stabilization in disturbed areas and restoration projects. Its deep roots help to bind soil particles together and prevent erosion. It is also a source of food for livestock, including cattle, sheep, and deer, who graze on it. Native Americans used melic subulata as a food source as well, reportedly grinding the seeds into flour.
In conclusion, Melica subulata (Griseb.) Scribn. var. subulata is a hardy and useful grass species that is valuable for soil stabilization and restoration projects. It is also a source of forage for livestock, and its delicate appearance adds an aesthetic appeal to natural landscapes.
Light Requirements
Melica subulata is a plant that requires full sunlight exposure for optimal growth. In partial shade, the plant tends to elongate and become less compact, thereby reducing its aesthetic appeal. It is, therefore, recommended that the plant be grown in a location that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight in a day.
Temperature Requirements
The plant Melica subulata prefers cool to temperate environments with temperatures ranging between 10°C and 20°C. These temperatures simulate the natural environment where the plant is mostly found, allowing it to maintain optimal growth and development. However, the plant may survive in warmer temperatures provided the soil is kept moist and the plant is shielded from direct sunlight.
Soil Requirements
The plant Melica subulata prefers slightly acidic to neutral soils with a pH ranging between 6.0 and 7.5. The soil should be well-draining and rich in humus, which assists in water retention while promoting root growth. The plant can also thrive in sandy soils provided they are regularly watered and fertilized to maintain optimal nutrition. Organic compost can be added to the soil to increase its nutrient content and improve soil structure.
Cultivation methods
Melica subulata (Griseb.) Scribn. var. subulata, commonly known as Needlegrass or Slimleaf oniongrass, is a perennial plant that belongs to the Poaceae family. It is native to North America and can be grown in most regions with appropriate climatic conditions. This plant prefers full sun to partial shade and grows well in well-drained soil that is slightly acidic to neutral. The seeds of Melica subulata can be sown in spring or fall, and they require a period of cold stratification to germinate efficiently.
The ideal temperature for germination is between 50°F to 68°F. Once the seeds have germinated, the plant can be propagated through division or transplanting. Melica subulata has a slow growth rate and requires minimal maintenance once established.
Watering needs
Although Melica subulata is drought-tolerant once established, it requires regular watering during the first year of growth. The plants should be watered deeply once a week during the growing season. Watering should be reduced during the winter months to avoid waterlogging the roots of the plant. Overwatering may lead to root rot, which can be detrimental to the plant's health.
Fertilization
Melica subulata does not require frequent fertilization. A single dose of compound fertilizer applied in spring or early summer can provide sufficient nutrients for the plant. Over-fertilization may lead to excessive foliage growth, which can reduce the plant's vigor and flowering capacity. It is crucial to avoid fertilizing the plant during the winter months, as this can lead to cold damage.
Pruning
Melica subulata does not require extensive pruning. However, to encourage bushier growth and maintain the plant's shape, it is recommended to trim back the foliage by a third in late summer. The plant should be pruned once it has finished flowering and before the onset of winter. Deadheading spent flowers can also enhance the plant's appearance and prolong the flowering period.
Propagation methods for Melica subulata (Griseb.) Scribn. var. subulata
Melica subulata (Griseb.) Scribn. var. subulata, commonly known as needle melicgrass, is a species of grass native to North America. It is an herbaceous perennial that grows to 70 cm tall and is known for its needle-like leaves, spikes of small flowers, and tufted growth habit. Propagation of Melica subulata can be done through several methods, including division, seed sowing, and vegetative propagation.
Division
Division is one of the easiest and most common methods of propagation for Melica subulata. This can be done in either fall or early spring. To divide the plant, gently dig up the clump and use a sharp spade or knife to separate it into smaller sections. Each section should have roots and a portion of the plant's crown. Replant the sections immediately into a prepared bed, ensuring that the crown is at soil level. Water the newly planted sections deeply and regularly until they are established.
Seed sowing
Seed sowing is another method of propagation for Melica subulata; however, it is not as commonly used as division. Collect the seed heads when they are just starting to turn brown and dry. Store the seed heads in a paper bag in a cool, dry location until ready for sowing. This grass can be seeded in either fall or early spring. Spread the seed thinly on prepared soil and cover it with a thin layer of soil. Water the area regularly to keep the soil moist. After the seedlings have emerged, thin them to 30 cm apart.
Vegetative propagation
Vegetative propagation is another method of propagation for Melica subulata. This method can be done by taking stem cuttings from the parent plant. Select a stem that is at least 5 cm in length and has at least one node. Remove the leaves from the lower half of the stem and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the stem cutting in a mix of peat moss and perlite and water well. Cover the cutting with a plastic bag to create a humid environment. After a few weeks, roots should begin to form, and the cutting can be transplanted to its permanent location.
Disease and Pest Management for Melica subulata
Melica subulata is generally a hardy and disease-resistant plant, but it can still be affected by a few common pests and diseases. Here are some management strategies:
Pest Management
1. Grasshoppers: Grasshoppers can be a major pest for Melica subulata, as they can cause significant damage by feeding on the leaves and stems of the plant. To manage grasshopper infestations, you can use insecticidal soaps and oils or plant garlic and other strong-smelling herbs around the plant to repel them.
2. Slugs and snails: Slugs and snails can also be a nuisance to Melica subulata, especially in wet or humid conditions. To manage slugs and snails, you can use copper barriers or bait them with beer traps.
Disease Management
1. Powdery mildew: Powdery mildew is a common fungal disease that can affect Melica subulata. It appears as a white, powdery growth on the leaves and stems of the plant. To manage powdery mildew, you can prune infected parts of the plant and use fungicidal sprays.
2. Rust: Rust is another fungal disease that can affect Melica subulata, causing orange or yellow spots to appear on the leaves. To manage rust, remove infected plant parts and use fungicidal sprays.
3. Leaf spot: Leaf spot is a bacterial disease that can cause black spots to appear on the leaves of Melica subulata. To manage leaf spot, you can prune infected plant parts and use copper-based fungicides.
By following these management strategies, you can help ensure that your Melica subulata plants remain healthy and vibrant.
