Overview
Melica inflata, also known as Bolander's oniongrass or Torrey melicgrass, is a perennial grass species that belongs to the Poaceae family. This plant is native to North America and can be found in many parts of the United States, especially in California and Oregon.
General Appearance
The Melica inflata plant typically grows in small to medium-sized tufts and can reach up to a height of around 20 to 60 cm. The leaves of this plant are narrow, elongated, and can be up to 5 mm wide. The plant has a slender, erect stem that can either be smooth or slightly hairy.
Common Names
Aside from Bolander's oniongrass and Torrey melicgrass, Melica inflata is more commonly known in other regions as Onion grass, Native Onion Grass, and Torrey’s Onion Grass.
Uses
While Melica inflata does not have any significant commercial uses, it plays an essential role in the ecosystem. The plant provides food for animals like deer, elk, and livestock. In addition, Melica inflata is used as a forage crop for livestock, especially for grazing animals in the western United States where the plant is abundant.
Another important use of this species is its potential to stabilize soil and prevent erosion. Melica inflata is also used by indigenous people for its medicinal properties. It has been used as a natural remedy for ailments such as bronchitis and mild respiratory ailments.
Light Conditions
Melica inflata grows well in full to partial sunlight. It prefers bright but indirect light, so it can tolerate some shade. However, if the plant is exposed to too much shade, it can affect its overall growth and development.
Temperature Requirements
This plant thrives in moderate temperatures of around 65-75°F. While it can tolerate some variations in temperature, extreme fluctuations can affect its growth negatively. In areas with hot summers, it is best to provide some shade to protect the plant from the harsh sun.
Soil Requirements
Melica inflata requires well-draining soil to thrive. The ideal pH range for the plant is between 6.0 and 7.5. It also tends to prefer soil that is rich in organic matter. Sandy loam or loamy soils are ideal for growth.
Cultivation Methods
Melica inflata is a cool-season grass that thrives in well-drained soil. It requires a lot of sunlight to grow, so make sure to plant it in an area with ample sunlight. The plant prefers slightly acidic soil with a pH ranging from 6.0-7.0.
Plant the seeds in the early spring or fall when the temperature is between 50 and 60 degrees Fahrenheit. The seeds should be planted at a depth of ¼ inch in the soil.
When planting, make sure to maintain a distance of 6-12 inches between two Melica inflata plants. The grass plant grows up to two feet tall, so ample space is required for its growth and development.
Watering Needs
The Melica inflata plant requires an adequate amount of water for proper growth and development. Water the plant once a week or when the top inch of the soil feels dry.
Avoid overwatering the plant as it can lead to root rot. On the other hand, underwatering can cause the plant to dry out and die. Make sure to water the grass plant early in the morning or evening to avoid evaporation and to ensure maximum water uptake.
Fertilization
Use a slow-release balanced fertilizer during the early spring when the grass plant begins its growth. Before applying fertilizers, always check the soil's organic matter level and add compost if required.
Overfertilization can cause the plant to develop excess foliage and weak stems. It can also lead to the depletion of certain nutrients in the soil, leading to other plant problems.
Pruning
Melica inflata grass plant requires minimal pruning. During the early spring, when the grass starts growing, only cut one-third of the plant's height.
If the grass plants start getting too tall, cut the stems back to one-half their height to maintain their shape, but never cut the grass till the crown, as it will cause root damage and plant death.
Propagation of Melica inflata
Melica inflata (Boland.) Vasey, commonly known as "bladder melic," is a native California grass species that can be propagated through various methods. These include seed propagation, division of root and rhizome, or stem cuttings.
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation of Melica inflata can be done either by direct sowing or through starting seedlings in a greenhouse or nursery. Seeds must be collected when fully matured and should be stored in a dry, cool place until ready for planting. Once ready, seeds must be seeded at a depth of about 1/8 to 1/4 inches in well-draining soil. The soil must be kept moist but not waterlogged.
Division of Root and Rhizome
Division of root and rhizome is another effective method of propagating Melica inflata. The process involves carefully digging out the plant's root and rhizome and dividing them gently into smaller sections with a sharp and sterilized tool. Each divided section needs to have new growth and roots. Once divided, the plants must be replanted into new containers or in their permanent location in the garden.
Stem Cuttings
Propagation through stem cuttings is less common but can still be done in certain instances. Stem cuttings must be taken during early summer from new growth that is still flexible. A cutting should be about 6 inches long and should have a minimum of three nodes. Cuttings should be planted in soil and placed in the shade until the roots develop. Once roots have developed, the new plants can be moved to a sunnier location.
Disease Management of Melica inflata
Some of the common diseases that can affect Melica inflata include rust, anthracnose, and smut. Rust causes yellow and orange-brown spots on the leaves, while anthracnose causes brown patches on the leaves and stems. Smut results in black, powdery lesions on the leaves and stems.
To manage rust, regularly prune the plant to improve air circulation, and avoid high humidity by watering at the base of the plant. For anthracnose and smut, remove the affected plant parts and dispose of them properly to prevent further spread of the disease. To prevent any infection, use sterilized tools while pruning the plant and avoid overhead watering.
Pest Management of Melica inflata
Common pests that can attack Melica inflata include aphids and mealybugs. Aphids form colonies on the undersides of the leaves of the plant, eat away at the sap, and spread viruses. Mealybugs are found on the leaves and stems of the plant and look like tiny white cotton balls, causing stunted growth and yellow leaves.
To manage aphids and mealybugs, spray the affected plant parts with insecticidal soap or neem oil regularly. Use natural predators like ladybugs, lacewings or praying mantis, which can help to keep the population of these pests under control. Ensure that the plant is healthy by providing regular watering, fertilization, and pruning to avoid any stress which may make the plant susceptible to pests.
