Origin
Melastomastrum theifolium (G.Don) A.Fern. & R.Fern. var. controversum (A.Chev. & Jacq.-Fél.) Jacq.-Fél. is a species of flowering plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is native to tropical regions of Africa, particularly Cameroon and Nigeria.
Common Names
The common name for Melastomastrum theifolium (G.Don) A.Fern. & R.Fern. var. controversum (A.Chev. & Jacq.-Fél.) Jacq.-Fél. is "Aboh botanical" in Nigeria, where it is traditionally used for medicinal purposes.
Uses
The leaves and roots of Melastomastrum theifolium (G.Don) A.Fern. & R.Fern. var. controversum (A.Chev. & Jacq.-Fél.) Jacq.-Fél. are used in traditional medicine in Nigeria to treat a variety of ailments, including fever, stomach pain, and headaches. The plant has also been found to have antimicrobial properties, which may make it useful in the development of new antibiotics.
General Appearance
Melastomastrum theifolium (G.Don) A.Fern. & R.Fern. var. controversum (A.Chev. & Jacq.-Fél.) Jacq.-Fél. is a small shrub that typically grows to less than 1 meter in height. It has shiny, dark green leaves and produces small, purple flowers that bloom in clusters. The plant prefers moist, well-drained soils and is often found in wooded areas and along streams.
Growth Conditions for Melastomastrum theifolium var. controversum
Light: Melastomastrum theifolium var. controversum typically prefers full sun to partial shade. The plant can grow and flourish in a range of light conditions, but more intense levels of sunlight result in better growth. In low light conditions, the plant may struggle to bloom and produce healthy foliage.
Temperature: The plant typically grows well in cooler temperatures, ranging from 18-24 degrees Celsius. Melastomastrum theifolium var. controversum prefers to be in moderate, sunny weather but is not able to survive in extreme weather conditions.
Soil Requirements: The plant prefers well-draining soil with a balanced pH level between 5.5 and 6.5. Rich, nutrient-dense soil is perfect for growth. Adequate drainage is also crucial for ensuring the soil does not become waterlogged and hamper plant growth. The plant is extremely sensitive to overwatering.
Water: The plant requires moderate watering. It is best if the soil is allowed to dry out a little between watering, as the plant is vulnerable to root rotting when overwatered. However, the plant should never be left in a completely dry environment, and regular watering should be maintained.
With adequate light exposure, suitable temperature conditions, nutrient-rich soil with proper drainage, and regular watering, Melastomastrum theifolium var. controversum can grow to its full potential and produce beautiful flowers with healthy foliage. Taking care of this plant's growth conditions can result in a successful and visually appealing garden.
Cultivation Methods
Melastomastrum theifolium (G.Don) A.Fern. & R.Fern. var. controversum (A.Chev. & Jacq.-Fél.) Jacq.-Fél. should be grown in well-draining soil with a pH level between 5.5 and 7.0. It can tolerate full sun to partial shade conditions but prefers partial shade. This plant can be propagated by seeds or stem cuttings. The seeds should be sown in late winter/early spring in a seed tray and kept in a bright area while stem cuttings should be taken in the summer months.
Watering Needs
The Melastomastrum theifolium (G.Don) A.Fern. & R.Fern. var. controversum (A.Chev. & Jacq.-Fél.) Jacq.-Fél. plants require consistent moisture to grow well, but do not overwater them as they are susceptible to root rot. Water the plants deeply once a week or whenever the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. During hot and dry weather, the plants will require more frequent watering.
Fertilization
The Melastomastrum theifolium (G.Don) A.Fern. & R.Fern. var. controversum (A.Chev. & Jacq.-Fél.) Jacq.-Fél. plants benefit from regular fertilization during the spring and summer months. Use a balanced fertilizer or a slow-release granular fertilizer every four to six weeks during the growing season. Additionally, you can add organic matter to the soil to improve its nutrient content.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for Melastomastrum theifolium (G.Don) A.Fern. & R.Fern. var. controversum (A.Chev. & Jacq.-Fél.) Jacq.-Fél. plants, but if you want to shape your plant, you can safely prune it back after the flowering season. Remove the dead or diseased branches, and trim the tips of the stems to encourage bushier growth. If the plant becomes too leggy or overgrown, you can cut it back to about a third of its size in the spring to promote healthy new growth.
Propagation of Melastomastrum theifolium var. controversum
Melastomastrum theifolium var. controversum can be propagated by seed and vegetative techniques such as stem cuttings and layering.
Propagation by Seed
The plant produces tiny seeds which have a short viability period and require immediate sowing. The seeds need to be cleaned and pre-treated by soaking in warm water for 24 hours prior to sowing. Germination of seeds may occur within 4-6 weeks.
Propagation by Cuttings
Stem cuttings are the most successful propagation method for this plant. The cuttings should be taken from healthy, disease-free plants. The best time to take cuttings is during the growing season when the plant is actively producing new growth. The cuttings should be 8-10 cm in length and should have at least 2-3 healthy leaves. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cuttings in rooting hormone before placing in a well-draining potting mix. Covering the cutting with a plastic bag and placing it in a warm, well-lit area will help to provide the necessary conditions for root formation. Roots should begin to form within 4-6 weeks and the cutting can be transplanted to a larger pot once new growth emerges.
Propagation by Layering
Layering is another propagation technique that can be used for Melastomastrum theifolium var. controversum. It involves bending a low-hanging branch down to the ground and covering it with soil or compost. The branch should be slightly wounded to encourage root formation at the point where it contacts the soil. After a few weeks, roots will emerge and the new plant can be separated from the parent.
Disease and Pest Management for Melastomastrum theifolium var. controversum
Melastomastrum theifolium var. controversum, commonly known as the Controversial Melastome, is an evergreen shrub native to tropical regions of Africa. While it is generally a hardy plant, it can still be affected by a variety of pests and diseases. Proper management techniques can help prevent and control these issues.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that can affect M. theifolium var. controversum is leaf spot, caused by the fungi Cercospora and Alternaria. Symptoms of leaf spot include dark, water-soaked spots on leaves that eventually turn brown and dry up. To manage this disease, it is important to remove and destroy infected leaves and maintain good air circulation around the plant through pruning.
Melastome Wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, is another disease that can attack M. theifolium var. controversum. Leaves will begin to yellow and wilt, ultimately leading to death of the plant. To manage Melastome Wilt, the plant should be removed and the soil replaced.
Common Pests
Aphids are one of the most common pests to attack M. theifolium var. controversum. These small insects suck the sap from leaves which can lead to stunted growth, curled leaves, and yellowing. To manage aphids, try spraying the plant with a strong jet of water or applying insecticidal soap.
The Cylindrocladium leaf spot can also be caused by fungal pathogens, which in severe infections will cause the leaves of the plant to curl and wither away. To manage this disease, it is necessary to remove that plant parts where infections are noted and also keep the soil moist, which will prevent drying of the leaves.
Conclusion
By closely monitoring the health of M. theifolium var. controversum and properly managing diseases and pests, you can keep this beautiful plant thriving in your garden for many years to come.
