Origin
Maytenus putterlickioides, or commonly known as “jibarito”, is a species of plant in the Celastraceae family. This plant is native to South America, particularly in the Andes Mountains of Colombia and Venezuela.
Common Names
Aside from “jibarito”, Maytenus putterlickioides also goes by several other common names, such as “aceituno”, “chocho”, “jibaro”, and “ombual”. These names differ depending on the region where the plant is found.
Uses
Maytenus putterlickioides has a long history of medicinal use among indigenous tribes in South America. It is commonly used as a natural remedy for various ailments, including diarrhea, constipation, fever, and respiratory problems. Its bark and leaves contain alkaloids that have anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and analgesic properties. Extracts from this plant have also been studied for their potential in cancer treatment.
In addition to its medicinal properties, Maytenus putterlickioides also has cultural significance among the people in its native range. The plant is often used in spiritual and religious ceremonies, where it is believed to have purifying and protective properties.
General Appearance
Maytenus putterlickioides is a small to medium-sized tree that can grow up to 10 meters tall. It has leathery, oval-shaped leaves that are dark green in color and have a glossy appearance. The plant’s bark is light gray to brown and has a rough, ridged texture. Maytenus putterlickioides produces small, inconspicuous flowers that are greenish-yellow in color. Its fruit is a small, round capsule that contains three to four seeds.
Overall, Maytenus putterlickioides is a hardy and resilient plant that is well-adapted to its mountainous habitat. It is often found growing in rocky terrain and can survive in both wet and dry conditions.
Growth conditions of Maytenus putterlickioides
Maytenus putterlickioides, also known as "chichiqueiro", is a small tree species that belongs to the Celastraceae family. This evergreen species is endemic to Brazil and is found mainly in the cerrado vegetation of the central part of the country.
Light requirements
Maytenus putterlickioides requires full sunlight to achieve optimal growth. This species can tolerate some shade, but it may lead to stunted growth and possibly death. Therefore, when planting this species, it should be exposed to full sunlight, especially during the early stages of growth.
Temperature requirements
This species thrives in warm regions with high temperatures. Maytenus putterlickioides can tolerate a range of temperatures, from 10°C to 35°C. However, it does not do well in environments with frost or prolonged cold temperatures, as it is a tropical species.
Soil requirements
The soil requirements for Maytenus putterlickioides are not very demanding. This species can grow in a variety of soil types, including clay, sand, and loam. However, the soil must be well-drained to prevent waterlogging, which can cause root rot and lead to the death of the tree. Additionally, this species prefers slightly acidic to neutral soils (pH between 5.5 and 7).
In conclusion, Maytenus putterlickioides requires full sunlight, warm temperatures, and well-drained slightly acidic to neutral soils to achieve optimal growth. By providing these growth conditions, it is possible to grow healthy and robust trees that can survive and thrive in their natural environment.
Cultivation Methods
Maytenus putterlickioides (Loes.) Exell & Mendonça is a woody shrub commonly found in the Cerrado biome of Brazil. It is a hardy plant that can adapt to a wide range of soil types, including clay, sand, and loam. For successful cultivation, the plant requires well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. It is best to plant Maytenus putterlickioides (Loes.) Exell & Mendonça during the rainy season when the soil is moist. Dig a hole that is twice the size of the root ball and place the plant at the same depth as it was in the container. Water the plant immediately after planting and keep the soil consistently moist for the first few weeks until it has established.Watering Needs
Maytenus putterlickioides (Loes.) Exell & Mendonça requires regular watering during the growing season, but it is important not to overwater the plant. Water deeply once a week or when the top 1-2 inches of soil feel dry to the touch. Avoid getting the leaves wet when watering as this can lead to fungal diseases. During the winter months, reduce watering to once every two weeks, as the plant becomes dormant and requires less water.Fertilization
Maytenus putterlickioides (Loes.) Exell & Mendonça benefits from annual fertilization in the spring. Use a balanced fertilizer that is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Apply according to the manufacturer's instructions, and water the plant immediately after fertilizing to prevent burning the roots.Pruning
Maytenus putterlickioides (Loes.) Exell & Mendonça may require occasional pruning to maintain its shape and size. Prune in the late winter or early spring before new growth appears. Remove any dead or damaged wood, and cut back any overgrown branches to promote bushiness. Avoid pruning during the summer as this can stimulate new growth that may be damaged by frost in the winter. Always use clean, sharp tools, and make clean cuts to minimize damage to the plant.Propagation of Maytenus putterlickioides
Maytenus putterlickioides (Loes.) Exell & Mendonça, also known as "espinheira-santa," is a small tree or large shrub native to Brazil. It is commonly propagated through seed and cuttings.
Propagation by Seed
The seeds of Maytenus putterlickioides can be collected from the plant when they turn brown and begin to fall in late autumn or early winter. The seeds should be sown in a well-draining soil mixture that is kept consistently moist but not overly wet. Germination can take several weeks to several months and may be erratic.
Propagation by Cuttings
Cuttings of Maytenus putterlickioides can be taken from semi-hardwood or hardwood stems in the early spring before the plant begins to actively grow. The cuttings should be 4-6 inches long and have at least 2-3 nodes. Remove all but the top set of leaves and dip the cut end into rooting hormone before placing it in a container with a well-draining soil mixture. Keep the soil moist and provide high humidity by covering the container with a plastic bag or dome. The cuttings should root in 4-8 weeks depending on the environmental conditions.
Disease Management
Maytenus putterlickioides is susceptible to various fungal diseases like powdery mildew, leaf spot, and root rot.
To manage powdery mildew, remove the infected leaves and avoid watering the plant from overhead. In severe cases, use a fungicide according to the manufacturer's instructions.
For leaf spot, prune the affected areas and ensure good air circulation around the plant. Fungicides can also be used for severe cases.
To prevent root rot, make sure the soil is well-draining and avoid overwatering. If root rot has already affected the plant, reduce watering and apply a fungicide to the soil.
Pest Management
Maytenus putterlickioides may be attacked by various pests such as scale insects, spider mites, and mealybugs.
To manage scale insects and mealybugs, use insecticidal soap or oil according to the manufacturer's instructions. These products can suffocate the pests and their eggs.
For spider mites, spray the plant with water to reduce the mite population. You can also use neem oil or a miticide if the infestation is severe.
Regularly inspect your plants for any signs of infestation and isolate any affected plants to prevent the spread of the pests.
