Overview
Markhamia platycalyx, also known as the Judea tree, is a species of deciduous tree in the family Bignoniaceae. It is native to East Africa, specifically in Tanzania, and can be found in dry forests at elevations up to 1,800 meters above sea level.
Common Names
The common names of Markhamia platycalyx include the Judea tree, East African sausage tree, Mkilifi tree, and sausage tree. It is called the East African sausage tree because of its fruit, which resembles a sausage in shape, size, and texture.
Uses
The Judea tree has a number of uses, particularly in traditional medicine. The bark, leaves, and fruit contain compounds that are believed to have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. In some parts of Africa, traditional healers crush the bark and leaves to make a paste that is used to treat fever, headaches, and other ailments. The tree's wood is also used for making furniture and as a source of fuel.
Appearance
The Judea tree is a large, spreading tree that can grow up to 30 meters tall. Its leaves are large, with a length of up to 15 centimeters and a width of up to 13 centimeters. The tree's flowers are bell-shaped and can be a variety of colors, including yellow, pink, and orange. The fruit of the tree is a long, cylindrical sausage-like pod that can grow up to 60 centimeters in length and 10 centimeters in diameter. The fruit is green when young, turning brown as it matures and eventually splitting open to reveal the seeds inside.
Light Requirements
Markhamia platycalyx, commonly known as Markhamia, prefers to grow in full sun to partial shade. In its natural habitat, it grows under the canopy of other trees, which provides it with dappled light. Markhamia requires at least 4-6 hours of direct sunlight per day to thrive. In indoor settings, it is best to place the plant near a west-facing window, so it can receive plenty of bright, indirect light.
Temperature Requirements
Markhamia platycalyx prefers to grow in warm temperatures, between 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F). It can tolerate slightly cooler temperatures down to 15°C (59°F), but will not survive freezing temperatures or frost. In cooler climates, it is best grown in a greenhouse or as a houseplant. In warmer climates, the plant can be grown outdoors year-round.
Soil Requirements
Markhamia platycalyx requires well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. It prefers slightly acidic to neutral soil with a pH between 6.0 to 7.0. The soil should not be allowed to dry out completely, but it should not be waterlogged either. A good potting mix for Markhamia should contain a mixture of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite. In the garden, the plant can be grown in well-draining soil with compost added for extra nutrients.
Cultivation of Markhamia platycalyx (Baker) Sprague
If you plan to cultivate Markhamia platycalyx, you should note that this plant prefers full sun to partial shade and does well in a fertile, well-draining soil. In its natural habitat, it grows in moist forests and riversides. Therefore, when cultivating it, make sure to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. You can propagate it from seeds or cuttings.
Watering Needs of Markhamia platycalyx (Baker) Sprague
Markhamia platycalyx requires moderate watering. During the hot summer months, you should water it more frequently to prevent the soil from drying out completely. When watering, ensure that the soil is well-draining to avoid stagnant water, which can cause root rot.
Fertilization of Markhamia platycalyx (Baker) Sprague
Fertilizing Markhamia platycalyx improves its overall growth and health. Apply an all-purpose fertilizer every two to three months during the growing season to keep the plant healthy. However, make sure not to over-fertilize as this can lead to excessive growth, which will affect the plant's overall health and longevity.
Pruning of Markhamia platycalyx (Baker) Sprague
To promote bushy growth and maintain its shape, prune Markhamia platycalyx annually, preferably during the fall or early winter. You can remove any dead or diseased branches, as well as any discolored leaves. Also, prune any branches growing out of shape or size with a pair of clean, sharp secateurs.
Propagation of Markhamia Platycalyx
Markhamia platycalyx is a large tree that belongs to the family Bignoniaceae. Also known as the white maroon or the sausage tree, Markhamia platycalyx is endemic to East Africa and is widely distributed in Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, and Somalia. The tree is known for its showy white, fragrant flowers and its sausage-shaped fruit.
The propagation of Markhamia platycalyx is mostly done through seeds. Mature seeds from healthy and disease-free trees should be collected from the parent plant. The seed coat should be removed, followed by soaking the seeds in water for 24 hours.
Seed Germination
The next step is to sow the seeds. Fill sterile seedling trays with a suitable potting mixture of sand and fertile soil containing equal parts. The trays should be watered regularly, and the soil should remain moist but not wet. Lightly cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil and place the tray in a warm, bright, and humid area. The seedlings should emerge within two weeks.
Transplanting Seedlings
Once the seedlings have grown and developed at least two sets of leaves, they can be transplanted to individual pots. The larger pots should contain a well-draining soil mixture with compost and organic matter. The seedlings should be watered regularly but not overwatered. They should be provided with partial sunlight initially, and gradually exposed to full sunlight for better growth.
Cuttings Propagation
Propagation of Markhamia platycalyx can also be done through cuttings, although this method is not commonly used. Fresh leafy stem cuttings of at least 15-20 cm length can be taken from a healthy plant. Cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormones and then planted to a well-draining and sterile potting mix. Keep the soil moisture until a new root system and leaves start to emerge. Cuttings should be placed in a lightly shaded area and should remain there until they have developed a strong root system, after which they can be transplanted to a suitable growing medium.
Propagation of Markhamia platycalyx requires careful handling and proper nurturing. With the appropriate planting measures, seeds and cuttings can be used to propagate this magnificent East African tree species.
Disease and Pest Management for Markhamia Platycalyx
Markhamia platycalyx (Baker) Sprague, commonly known as the African Sausage Tree, is a tree that is native to Africa. It is often grown for its ornamental value and is used in traditional medicine. However, like all plants, it is susceptible to various diseases and pests that can lead to decreased growth and production. In this article, we will discuss some common diseases and pests that affect Markhamia platycalyx and how to manage them.
Common Diseases
One common disease that affects Markhamia platycalyx is root rot. This disease is caused by fungi in the soil and can cause the roots to rot, leading to the death of the tree. The best way to manage this disease is to ensure that the tree is planted in well-drained soil. Avoid overwatering and make sure that the soil is not waterlogged.
Another disease that affects Markhamia platycalyx is leaf spot. This disease is caused by fungi and can cause small spots to appear on the leaves. Infected leaves may turn yellow and fall off the tree. To manage this disease, it is important to remove any infected leaves and dispose of them properly. Fungicides may also be used to control the disease.
Common Pests
One common pest that affects Markhamia platycalyx is the spider mite. These small pests feed on the leaves of the tree and can cause them to turn yellow and fall off. To control spider mites, it is important to regularly spray the tree with a high-pressure hose to knock them off the leaves. Insecticidal soaps may also be used to control spider mites.
Another common pest that affects Markhamia platycalyx is the mealybug. These pests feed on the sap of the tree and can cause the leaves to turn yellow and fall off. To control mealybugs, it is important to regularly inspect the tree and remove any visible pests. Insecticidal soaps may also be used to control mealybugs.
Overall, it is important to regularly inspect Markhamia platycalyx for any signs of disease or pests. Early detection and management can prevent the spread of disease and minimize the damage caused by pests. If you are unsure of how to manage a particular disease or pest, consult a professional or your local extension office for guidance.
