Overview
Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum (Lloyd & Underwood) Clute, commonly known as the rock lycopod, is a species of evergreen perennial plant in the family Lycopodiaceae. It is native to the eastern and central regions of North America.Description
The rock lycopod is a low-growing, mat-forming plant that typically reaches a height of between 2 and 5 cm. It has small, scale-like leaves that are arranged in a spiral pattern along its stems, giving them a fern-like appearance. The plant is an evergreen, which means that it retains its foliage throughout the year. It reproduces via spores rather than seeds and produces small, inconspicuous flowers.Common Names
The rock lycopod is commonly known by a variety of names, including mountain clubmoss, porcupine grass, running clubmoss, rock clubmoss, and Selago clubmoss.Uses
The rock lycopod has several traditional medicinal uses. It has been used to treat a variety of conditions, including urinary tract infections, kidney problems, and respiratory ailments. The plant has also been used as a diuretic and as a stimulant to improve digestion. Due to its evergreen nature and low-growing habit, the rock lycopod is sometimes used as a ground cover in ornamental gardens. It favors rocky or gravelly soils and is often found growing in the wild in alpine and subalpine zones.Appearance
The rock lycopod has a distinctive appearance with its small, scale-like leaves arranged in a spiral pattern along its stems. It is a low-growing plant, typically ranging in height from 2 to 5 cm. The plant is an evergreen and retains its foliage throughout the year. It reproduces via spores rather than seeds and produces small, inconspicuous flowers. The rock lycopod is often found growing in the wild in alpine and subalpine zones, and it prefers rocky or gravelly soils.Light Requirements
Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum typically grows in partial to full shade areas. They can tolerate some sunlight but prefer to grow under the cover of other foliage or trees. Too much direct sunlight can cause the leaves to burn or dry out.
Temperature Requirements
Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum prefers cooler temperatures and thrives in areas with mild to moderate climates. They can tolerate some heat but do not do well in hot and humid conditions. In general, they can survive temperature extremes ranging from 23 to 86°F (-5 to 30°C).
Soil Requirements
This plant prefers acidic, nutrient-rich soils that are well-draining. They require moist soil conditions and do not tolerate dry or waterlogged soils. Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum is often found growing in coniferous forests, where the soil is typically full of organic matter and debris. Adding organic matter, such as peat moss or compost, can help improve the quality of the soil if it is lacking in nutrients.
Cultivation Methods
Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum is a species of evergreen fern-like plant. It is native to North America and grows best in acidic soil with good drainage. The plant prefers partial shade to full sun and requires a consistent temperature between 15 to 25°C.
When planting, ensure that the roots are not damaged, and the soil is moist. The ideal planting time is in early spring or late fall.
Watering Needs
Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum requires regular watering. However, the soil should not be left soggy as this can lead to root rot. It is best to water the plant when the top inch of soil is dry to the touch.
The amount of water required for the plant may vary depending on the temperature, humidity, and soil type. It is recommended to use a watering can or a hose with a gentle spray nozzle to prevent damaging the leaves.
Fertilization
It is essential to fertilize Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum regularly to ensure healthy growth. A balanced fertilizer that contains equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is ideal for the plant.
The best time to fertilize the plant is in the early spring, just before the growth season. During this time, the plant requires nutrients to support new growth. Fertilize the plant every four to six weeks during the growing season, and reduce the amount of fertilizer in the fall and winter months.
Pruning
Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum does not require significant pruning. The plant grows slowly and only needs occasional trimming to maintain a desirable shape.
Remove dead or yellow leaves as they appear to maintain the plant's overall health. It is also essential to prune out any overgrowth to ensure that the plant maintains its shape and does not overgrow its space.
Propagation of Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum
Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum is commonly known as Rock Lycopod or Porophyllum Lycopod. It is a small, evergreen perennial plant that belongs to the family Lycopodiaceae. The plant has a creeping habit and produces short, horizontal stems that grow to about 2-5 cm in length. The stems are covered with scale-like leaves that are about 1 mm long and have a pointed tip. The plant typically grows on rocky surfaces in damp, shady areas and is native to North America.
Propagation Methods
Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum can be propagated through several methods, including spore propagation, division, and rhizome cuttings.
Spore Propagation
Spore propagation is the easiest and most popular way to propagate Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum. Collect the spores from mature plants during the summer and sow them in a sterile, well-drained growing medium. Keep the soil moist and the container covered with clear plastic to maintain humidity. The spores will germinate in about 2-4 weeks, and the young plants can be transferred to individual pots once they have developed a few leaves.
Division
Division is another effective method to propagate Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum. Divide mature plants during the growing season and replant immediately in fertile, moist soil. The plant should be thoroughly watered after division to promote root growth. The division should be allowed to establish before being transplanted to permanent locations.
Rhizome Cuttings
Rhizome cuttings can also be taken from mature Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum plants. Cut the rhizomes into 2-3 inch sections and replant them in a mixture of peat moss and sand. Keep the soil moist and provide indirect sunlight. The cuttings will develop roots and new foliage in a few weeks.
Overall, Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum is a relatively easy plant to propagate. With proper care, the plant can quickly establish and thrive in a variety of soils and environments.
Disease Management
Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum is generally resistant to many diseases. However, it is susceptible to certain fungal and bacterial infections. Here are a few common diseases and their management:
Phytophthora Root Rot
Phytophthora root rot is a soil-borne disease that affects plant roots and can be fatal. It causes the roots to rot, leading to wilting and death of the plant. To manage this disease, ensure that the plant is growing in well-draining soil and avoid overwatering. If you notice any symptoms, remove the affected parts of the plant and treat the soil with a fungicide.
Botrytis Blight
Botrytis blight, also called gray mold, is a fungal disease that causes gray or brown spots on the leaves and stems of the plant. It can also cause wilting and decay. To manage this disease, remove any affected parts of the plant and improve air circulation by pruning any dense growth. Apply a fungicide to the plant as directed.
Pest Management
Lycopodium selago L. var. porophilum is not generally affected by pests. However, when pests do occur, they can cause significant damage to the plant. Here are two common pests and their management:
Spider Mites
Spider mites are tiny pests that feed on the sap of the plant, causing yellowing and browning of the leaves. To manage these pests, wash the plant with a strong stream of water to knock the mites off the leaves. Repeat as necessary and keep the plant well-watered to avoid stress.
Scale Insects
Scale insects are small, immobile pests that attach themselves to the plant and suck sap from it. They can cause chlorotic spots on the leaves and branches. To manage these pests, use a soft-bristled brush to gently scrub the affected parts of the plant and remove the scales. You can also use an insecticide to control an infestation.
