Overview
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. is a small herbaceous plant belonging to the legume family Fabaceae. The species name "pilosellus" means "hairy." It is commonly known as the Hairy Lupine.
Origin
Hairy Lupine is native to the western United States, including California, Oregon, and Nevada. It is found in sandy soils, open grasslands, and dry washes.
General Appearance
Hairy Lupine is a small plant that grows up to 1 foot tall and wide. It has hairy stems and leaves that are palmate and compound, with five to seven leaflets. The leaves are green and sometimes have a bluish tint. The plant produces showy, pea-like flowers that are blue to purple in color. The seeds are contained in hairy pods that are approximately 1 inch long.
Edible and Medicinal Uses
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. has no known medicinal uses, but some Native American tribes have used the seeds, leaves, and flowers of other Lupine species for food. The seeds can be roasted and ground into flour or eaten cooked, and the young leaves and flowers can be eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable. However, some Lupine seeds contain toxic alkaloids and should not be consumed unless properly processed to remove the toxins.
Light Requirements
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. grows best in full sunlight or partial shade. In low light conditions, the plant tends to stretch out, resulting in weak stems and small flowers.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers cool to moderate temperatures. Optimal temperatures should be around 15°C (59°F) during the day and 5°C (41°F) at night. It can tolerate some heat, but too much heat (above 30°C or 86°F) can cause the plant to wilt and die.
Soil Requirements
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. prefers well-drained soils that are slightly acidic with pH levels between 5.5 and 6.5. The plant requires soils that are rich in organic matter and nutrients. It grows best in loamy, sandy loam, or clay loam soils that are moist but not waterlogged. Additionally, the plant is tolerant of drought conditions but will not tolerate waterlogged soils.
Cultivation
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. prefers moist, well-drained soils and partial shade to full sun. When planting, space the seeds or transplants about 1-2 feet apart to allow room for growth. This plant is hardy in USDA zones 5-9 and can tolerate temperatures as low as -20°F (-28°C).
Watering Needs
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. requires regular watering, especially during periods of drought. Water deeply once a week, providing enough water to soak the soil to a depth of at least 6 inches. Avoid watering too frequently, as this can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases.
Fertilization
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. thrives in nutrient-rich soil and benefits from regular fertilization. Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer once a month during the growing season (spring and summer). Follow the instructions on the fertilizer package carefully, as over-fertilization can lead to leaf burn and other damage.
Pruning
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. does not require pruning, but deadheading spent flowers can promote continued blooming and prevent the plant from self-seeding. To deadhead, simply pinch off the spent flowers just below the base of the petal. In the fall, cut the plant back to just above the soil line to promote healthy growth in the following season.
Propagation of Lupinus pilosellus Eastw.
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. also known as hairy lupine is a stunning perennial herbaceous plant that produces bright indigo-blue flowers blooming in late spring to early summer. It is native to western North America and thrives in full sunlight and well-draining soils.
Seed Propagation
The easiest way to propagate Lupinus pilosellus is by seed. Seeds can be directly sown in the garden bed after the last frost date. Sow seeds shallowly, around 1/8 inch deep and spaced about 24 inches apart. Keep the soil moist and well-drained until the seedlings emerge, which should take between 14 to 21 days. When the seedlings are large enough, thin them to about 36 inches apart. Alternatively, indoor seed starting in late winter to early spring is also possible. Sow the seeds in trays, press them gently into the soil, and keep them between 60 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit. When the seedlings emerge, gradually decrease the temperature to harden them off and prepare them for transplanting.
Cutting Propagation
Lupinus pilosellus can also be propagated by cuttings. Take 3-4 inch cuttings from the parent plant in the early summer, just after flowering. Dip the cuttings in a rooting hormone and place them in a mixture of perlite and sand. Water thoroughly and cover with a plastic bag to increase humidity. Place it in a warm, bright spot but not in direct sunlight. Rooting should occur within six weeks. After they have rooted, the young plants can be transplanted into their permanent location.
Division Propagation
Dividing mature plants is another method of propagating Lupinus pilosellus. Dig up the mature plant, making sure to keep its roots and foliage intact. Use a sharp, sterile tool to divide the root mass into several clumps, making sure that each clump has some roots and leaves. Replant each clump in its separate location and keep it well-watered until it is established.
With these three methods of propagation, Lupinus pilosellus can quickly increase its population. By following the correct techniques and timing, a gardener can easily expand their lupine patch or share this lovely plant with others.
Disease and Pest Management for Lupinus pilosellus Eastw.
Lupinus pilosellus Eastw., commonly known as Rabbitfoot Clover, is a drought-tolerant perennial plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family. It is native to the southeastern United States and is a great choice for naturalizing or restoring natural areas. However, like any other plant, Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. is susceptible to various pests and diseases which can affect its growth and development. Here are some common diseases and pests of Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. and ways to manage them:
Common Diseases
Root Rot: Root rot is a fungal disease that affects the roots of the plant, causing them to rot and turn brown. To manage root rot, avoid overwatering and ensure that the soil is well-drained. It is also advisable to remove diseased plants and avoid planting Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. in infected soil.
Leaf Spot: Leaf spot is a fungal disease that affects the leaves of the plant. It is characterized by brown or black spots that may have a yellow border. To manage leaf spot, remove the affected leaves and avoid overhead watering, which can spread the disease. It is also advisable to apply fungicides to prevent the spread of the disease.
Common Pests
Aphids: Aphids are small, sap-sucking insects that can cause stunted growth and deformation of the plant. To manage aphids, spray the plant with a strong jet of water to dislodge them. You can also use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control their population.
Cutworms: Cutworms are the larvae of various species of moths that feed on the stems of the plants, resulting in wilting and death. To manage cutworms, avoid planting Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. near weedy areas where the moths lay their eggs. You can also use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) to control their population.
Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny arachnids that feed on the sap of the plant, causing the leaves to yellow and drop. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with a strong jet of water or apply insecticidal soap. You can also use predatory mites to control their population.
Overall, practicing good cultural management practices, such as regular watering and fertilization, can help keep Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. healthy and resilient against diseases and pests. Monitoring the plant regularly and taking appropriate control measures are key to maintaining a healthy and thriving Lupinus pilosellus Eastw. plant.
