Overview of Lotus stipularis (Benth.) Greene
Lotus stipularis (Benth.) Greene is a member of the legume family, Fabaceae, and a perennial herb that is natively found in the western part of North America, particularly in the western United States, Mexico, and Canada. It is commonly known as Deervetch or Silky beach pea and it is an attractive plant that has ornamental, medicinal and ecological importance.
Physical Appearance of Lotus stipularis (Benth.) Greene
The plant has an average height of 1-2 feet and forms robust clumps that can spread up to 3 feet wide. Its leaves are pinnately compound, and the leaves are composed of 6 to 18 leaflets, each leaflet is 0.4 to 2 inches long, and the leaflets are lance-shaped, oblong, or narrowly elliptic. The stems of the plant are tangled and in a twisted manner, which forms the cover over the ground and rarely erect. The plant has purple to pink flowers that bloom during spring and summer, which are about 1 inch in length and commonly borne in clusters of 2 or 3.
Uses of Lotus stipularis (Benth.) Greene
L. stipularis has been used for both medicinal and ecological purposes as it is demonstrated to have several chemical compounds and medicinal properties. According to some studies, the plant has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anticancer properties. People have used the plant to treat different ailments such as fever, coughs, boils, rheumatism, and promote wound healing. Ecologically, the plant is effective in controlling erosion on steep or barren sites. It is also planted for forage or distributed to enhance wildlife habitat.
Light Requirements
Lotus stipularis requires full sun to partial shade for healthy growth. It can tolerate direct sunlight, but too much exposure may lead to scorching of the leaves. Partial shade can be beneficial during hot summer months to prevent excessive water loss through transpiration.
Temperature Requirements
This plant grows well in mild to warm temperatures. It can tolerate temperatures as low as 15°C and as high as 35°C. Lotus stipularis is sensitive to frost and cannot survive in areas with prolonged winters with freezing temperatures.
Soil Requirements
Lotus stipularis prefers well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. Sandy loam and clay loam soils are the best soil types for this plant. It can tolerate slightly alkaline to acidic soils but does well in neutral to slightly alkaline soils with a pH of 6.5-7.5. The plant has a low tolerance for salinity in soils.
Cultivation Methods
Lotus stipularis (Benth.) Greene, commonly known as the Sierra lotus, is a low-growing perennial flower that thrives in dry, rocky areas in North America. It is an excellent plant for rock gardens, borders, and terraces.
The best time to plant Sierra lotus seeds is in the fall to allow time for the roots to establish before the heat of summer. You can also propagate it by dividing the roots in the spring or fall. The soil should be well-draining and sandy with a slightly alkaline pH. Plant in a spot that receives full sun or partial shade.
Watering Needs
Sierra lotus is drought-tolerant and can survive extended periods without water once established. However, it prefers regular watering during the growing season to encourage healthy growth and flowering. Water deeply once or twice a week, depending on the climate and soil conditions.
Avoid overwatering as it can lead to root rot and fungal diseases
Fertilization
Sierra lotus grows well in poor soils and usually doesn't require additional fertilization. However, you can give it a boost with a light application of a balanced fertilizer in the spring. Avoid using high-nitrogen fertilizers as they can promote foliage growth at the expense of flowering.
Pruning
Sierra lotus doesn't require much pruning, but you can pinch back the stems after flowering to encourage bushier growth and more flowers. Deadheading spent blooms can also prolong the blooming season. Remove any dead or diseased foliage to prevent the spread of diseases.
Propagation of Lotus stipularis (Benth.) Greene
Lotus stipularis (Benth.) Greene, commonly known as silvery bird's foot lotus, is a native perennial herb that grows in the western United States. This plant can be propagated using several methods.
Seed Propagation
The easiest way to propagate Lotus stipularis is through seed. The seeds should be collected from mature pods in the fall and stored in a cool, dry place until the following spring. They can be sown directly into the garden bed or started indoors and then transplanted outside after the last frost. Seeds should be sown shallowly, covered with a thin layer of soil, and kept moist until germination.
Cutting Propagation
Another propagation method for Lotus stipularis is through stem cuttings. To do this, take cuttings about four inches in length from healthy plants during the growing season. Remove any leaves from the bottom of the cuttings and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Place the cuttings in a pot with a well-draining soil mix, and keep them moist and in a humid environment to encourage rooting.
Division Propagation
Lotus stipularis can also be propagated by division. This method involves separating mature plants into smaller sections and replanting them. This should be done in early spring before new growth appears. Dig up the entire plant and gently separate the roots into smaller sections. Replant these smaller sections in a well-draining soil mix and water them well.
By using these propagation methods, gardeners can easily propagate Lotus stipularis and grow more of these attractive plants in their gardens.
Disease and Pest Management for Lotus stipularis
Lotus stipularis (Benth.) Greene, commonly known as Sierra Lotus or Washoe-lotus, is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the bean family. Although it is a hardy plant that can tolerate adverse growing conditions, it is not immune to diseases and pests. Here are some common problems that might affect Lotus stipularis and how to manage them:
Diseases
1. Leaf Spot
Leaf spot is a fungal disease that causes small circular spots on leaves. As the disease progresses, the spots enlarge and merge with each other, leading to the formation of large dead areas on the foliage. To manage this disease, remove infected leaves and destroy them to prevent the spread of spores. Also, avoid overhead watering, which can create a humid environment that encourages fungal growth. Fungicides containing copper or sulfur can also help control leaf spot.
2. Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that creates a powdery white film on the leaves, stems, and flowers of the plant. The disease can cause stunted growth, distorted leaves, and reduced yield. To manage powdery mildew, prune the infected parts of the plant and dispose of them. Spray the remaining foliage with a fungicide containing potassium bicarbonate or horticultural oil. Also, ensure good air circulation around the plant to reduce humidity.
Pests
1. Aphids
Aphids are tiny green or black insects that feed on the sap of the plant, causing stunted growth and yellowing of leaves. To control aphids, spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil. You can also introduce natural predators such as ladybugs or lacewings to the garden to feed on the aphids.
2. Spider Mites
Spider mites are tiny arachnids that feed on the undersides of leaves, causing yellowing and stippling. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with a hose to dislodge them. You can also introduce natural predators such as predatory mites to control their population. In severe cases, you may need to apply a miticide.
By following these disease and pest management strategies, you can help keep Lotus stipularis healthy and thriving in your garden.
