Origin
Lotus dendroideus (Greene) Greene, also known as the tree-lotus or bush bird's-foot trefoil, is a perennial flowering plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family. It is native to western North America, specifically found in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States and parts of British Columbia, Canada.
Common Names
This plant is commonly known as the tree-lotus or bush bird's-foot trefoil because of its shrub-like appearance and bird's-foot shaped leaves. It is also referred to as dendrocomium lotus or greater bushclover.
Uses
Lotus dendroideus has various uses. Coastal Native American tribes used the plant to make medicinal teas to treat sore throats, stomach pains, and other ailments. The plant's roots and leaves are also used to treat wounds and infections. Additionally, the plant is used as a forage for livestock and wildlife.
General Appearance
Lotus dendroideus is a low-growing, woody shrub that can reach a height of up to 6 feet. The plant has hairy stems and leaves, which are divided into three leaflets, each shaped like a bird's foot with three small "toes." In the summer, it produces clusters of small, yellow flowers that bloom on long spikes. The plant's fruit is a brown pod that contains several seeds.
Light Requirements
Lotus dendroideus requires full sunlight to grow and survive. It thrives in bright light conditions and can tolerate light shade for short periods, but prolonged shade can have negative effects on its growth. Therefore, it should be grown in an open space where it can receive direct sunlight for most of the day.
Temperature Requirements
Lotus dendroideus is native to California and thrives in a Mediterranean climate. It prefers warm temperatures ranging from 60°F to 90°F (15°C to 32°C). It can tolerate low temperatures of up to 20°F (-7°C) during the winter, but prolonged exposure to freezing temperatures can damage the plant. Hence, it should be protected during the cold winter months.
Soil Requirements
Lotus dendroideus requires well-draining, sandy soil with moderate fertility. It grows best in soils that are slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0-7.5). The plant cannot tolerate waterlogged soils, as it can lead to root rot and other diseases. It is recommended to mix organic matter, such as compost, into the soil before planting to improve its fertility and drainage.
Cultivation
The cultivation of Lotus dendroideus requires a well-draining soil mix. It is recommended to plant this species in a location that offers partial shade, as full sunlight can damage the foliage. Prepare the soil by mixing in organic matter to increase nutrient content and improve drainage. The best time to plant this species is in the spring when temperatures begin to rise.
Watering Needs
Lotus dendroideus is a drought-tolerant plant and does not require frequent watering. Water the plant only when the top layer of the soil is dry to the touch. Over-watering can cause root rot and damage to the plant. During the winter months, reduce watering as the plant goes dormant.
Fertilization
Fertilize Lotus dendroideus during the growing season using a balanced fertilizer. Avoid using high-nitrogen fertilizers, as this can encourage vegetative growth at the expense of flowering. Follow the instructions on the fertilizer packaging to avoid over-fertilization, which can damage the plant and the soil.
Pruning
Prune Lotus dendroideus in the late winter or early spring before the blooming season begins. Remove any dead or damaged branches and trim back any overgrown branches to maintain the desired shape and size of the plant. Deadheading spent flowers can encourage new flower growth, but it is not necessary for the health of the plant.
Propagation of Lotus dendroideus (Greene) Greene
Lotus dendroideus (Greene) Greene, commonly known as bush trefoil, is a perennial herbaceous plant that is native to the western United States. It is a member of the pea family and is often grown for its attractive yellow flowers and nitrogen-fixing capabilities. While propagation of this plant can be easy, it should be noted that bush trefoil is a slow-growing plant that can take a couple of years to become established.
Propagation by Seeds
The easiest and most common method of propagating bush trefoil is by seeds. Seeds can be collected from mature plants in the late summer or early fall. The seeds should be soaked in warm water for 24-48 hours before planting to improve germination rates. Bush trefoil seeds can be planted directly in the ground in late fall or early spring, or they can be started indoors using seed trays. The ideal soil temperature for germination is around 68 degrees Fahrenheit, and the seeds should be kept moist until they sprout.
Propagation by Cuttings
Bush trefoil can also be propagated by cuttings, although this method is less common. Hardwood cuttings can be taken in the fall and should be about 4-6 inches in length. Remove all leaves except for a few at the top of the cutting, dip the cut end in rooting hormone, and plant the cutting in well-draining soil. Cover the cuttings with a plastic bag to maintain high humidity, and place them in indirect light until they root. Rooting can take several weeks to several months, and once the cuttings have rooted, they can be transplanted to their permanent location.
Propagation by Division
Bush trefoil can also be propagated by division, although this method should only be done on established plants that have been growing for a few years. To divide a bush trefoil plant, carefully dig up the plant and separate the clumps of roots. Each clump should have its own set of leaves and a portion of the root system. Replant each clump in a new location or pot with well-draining soil and water thoroughly. Avoid overwatering newly divided plants until they have become established.
Disease and Pest Management for Lotus dendroideus (Greene) Greene
Lotus dendroideus (Greene) Greene is a shrub of the plant family Fabaceae, found in North America. This plant is mostly grown as an ornament, but it also has medicinal values. Like any other plant, it is susceptible to diseases and pest infestations. Therefore, to maintain a healthy and beautiful plant, it is necessary to be aware of the common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and their management. The following are some of the diseases and pests of Lotus dendroideus (Greene) Greene and the ways to manage them.
Common Diseases
1. Powdery Mildew: This is a fungal disease that causes a white or grayish powdery substance to appear on the surface of the leaves. Powdery mildew can reduce the vigour and yield of the plant. To manage this disease, it is recommended to keep the plant in a well-ventilated area with proper sunlight and avoid overwatering. Spraying a mixture of baking soda and water or neem oil can also help prevent and manage the disease.
2. Root Rot: This is a fungal disease that affects the roots of the plant, causing the plant to wilt and die. The disease is caused by overwatering and poor drainage. To manage this disease, it is necessary to avoid overwatering and ensure proper drainage by planting the plant in well-drained soil.
Common Pests
1. Aphids: These are small insects that feed on the sap of the plant, causing significant damage to the leaves and stems. To manage aphids, it is recommended to prune the affected leaves and stems and spray neem oil or soapy water on the plant.
2. Spider Mites: These are tiny arachnids that suck the sap from the underside of the leaves, causing yellow leaves that eventually fall off. To manage spider mites, it is recommended to keep the plant well-hydrated and spray neem oil or insecticidal soap on the plant.
3. Caterpillars: These are larvae of moths or butterflies that feed on the leaves of the plant, causing significant damage. To manage caterpillars, it is recommended to manually remove them from the plant and spray Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) or neem oil on the plant.
In conclusion, proper disease and pest management are crucial for the health and growth of Lotus dendroideus (Greene) Greene. Regularly monitoring the plant for any signs of diseases or pest infestations and taking appropriate actions can ensure a healthy and beautiful plant.
