Overview
Lomatium parvifolium (Hook. & Arn.) Jepson var. pallidum (Coult. & Rose) Jepson is a perennial plant that belongs to the Apiaceae family. This herbaceous plant is mainly found in the western part of North America, notably from Oregon to California. It is popularly known by many names, including biscuitroot, small-leaved lomatium, and pale lomatium.
Description
Lomatium parvifolium (Hook. & Arn.) Jepson var. pallidum (Coult. & Rose) Jepson is a rosemary-scented plant that can grow up to 1 meter in height. Its stem is thick and hairy, with multiple branches and a dull green color. The leaves are small, divided, and feathery, with 2-3 leaflets measuring about 1-6 cm in length. The inflorescence of the plant is usually a large compound umbel composed of several smaller umbels that can produce many flowers. The flowers are small, yellowish-white, and star-shaped. The fruits are oval, flattened, and have rough surfaces with fine lines all over them.
Uses
Lomatium parvifolium (Hook. & Arn.) Jepson var. pallidum (Coult. & Rose) Jepson has a long history of traditional use by Native Americans in various medicinal applications. The roots were used for their antibacterial and antiviral properties to treat coughs, colds, flu, sore throats, and other respiratory infections. The roots were also used as a seasoning, flavoring, or food source due to their high nutritional value. Today, Lomatium parvifolium has become a popular ingredient in natural remedies for a wide variety of ailments, including respiratory conditions and autoimmune diseases, among others.
As a landscaping plant, Lomatium parvifolium (Hook. & Arn.) Jepson var. pallidum (Coult. & Rose) Jepson is often grown to provide habitat and food for pollinators, especially bees. The plant's tall, slender stems and attractive foliage make it an excellent choice for rock gardens, borders, or in naturalized areas.
Overall, Lomatium parvifolium is a fascinating and versatile plant with many potential uses. Its unique appearance, pleasant aroma, and medicinal properties make it a valuable addition to any herb garden or natural landscape.
Light Requirements
Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum is a fairly adaptable plant when it comes to light conditions, but it tends to prefer partially shaded environments. In the wild, this species is often found growing along the edges of forests or in areas with dappled sunlight.
Temperature Requirements
This Lomatium species is native to California and therefore prefers mild to warm temperatures. It can tolerate occasional frosts, but prolonged exposure to freezing temperatures can be detrimental to its growth. The optimal temperature range for Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum is between 50 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit.
Soil Requirements
Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum is generally not too picky when it comes to soil type, but it does require well-draining soil. This plant is susceptible to root rot if it sits in waterlogged soil for too long. It can grow in a wide range of soil pH levels, but a slightly acidic to neutral pH (between 6.0 and 7.0) is ideal. The addition of organic matter can also help improve soil structure and fertility for this species.
Cultivation Methods
Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum is a low-maintenance plant that thrives in rocky soils with good drainage. It prefers full sun to partial shade and grows well in USDA hardiness zones 5-8. Before planting, ensure that the soil is well-draining by incorporating perlite or grit. To propagate, sow seeds in early spring or fall for best results. Cover the seeds lightly with soil, and water well.
Watering Needs
Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum is drought-tolerant and requires little watering. Water only when the soil is dry to the touch, and avoid overwatering, as it can lead to root rot. In the summer months, it might require more frequent watering, but in the winter, water sparingly.
Fertilization
Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum does best in nutrient-poor soils. Avoid using fertilizers, as they can lead to excessive foliage growth that is not appealing. Instead, top-dress with organic matter, such as compost, to add nutrients to the soil. Application of mulch can help suppress weed growth and regulate soil temperature.
Pruning
Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum does not require pruning, but if you want to shape it appropriately, prune right after the blooming period. Be sure to prune only small sections at a time, and avoid cutting into old wood excessively. Prune any diseased or damaged branches as needed.
Propagation of Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum
Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum, commonly known as pale lomatium, is a native plant species of western North America. It is a perennial herb that prefers to grow in well-drained soil and full or partial sun. Here are the main propagation methods for this plant:
Seed Propagation
One of the most common ways to propagate Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum is through seed planting. The ideal time to sow the seeds is in the fall, as the plants are adapted to the natural cycle of the region. After collecting the seeds, they can be stratified in the fridge for 2-3 months. Then, sow them in moist, well-drained soil with a depth of about 1/8 inch. Cover the soil with a thin layer of mulch and keep it moist. The seeds should start to germinate in a few weeks, and the young plants can be transplanted after six months.
Cutting Propagation
Another way to propagate Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum is through stem cuttings. This method is best done in the spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. Choose a healthy stem and cut it about four inches from the top, making sure to remove any flowers or buds. Remove half of the leaves on the stem and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the stem cutting in a pot with well-drained potting soil and place it in a warm, bright spot. Keep the soil moist and mist the plant regularly. After a few weeks, the roots should start to develop, and the young plant can be transplanted into the garden after six months.
Division Propagation
Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum can also be propagated through division. This method is best done in the spring when the plant is starting to grow. Gently dig up the plant and divide the root ball into several sections. Each section should have at least one stem and several roots. Replant the divided sections in well-drained soil and water them well. The young plants should establish themselves quickly and be ready for transplanting after six months.
Disease Management
Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum is relatively resistant to diseases, but some fungal and bacterial diseases can still affect it. The most common diseases that can affect the plant include powdery mildew, root rot, and leaf spot.
To manage powdery mildew, it is recommended to remove infected plant parts and improve air circulation by spacing the plants appropriately. Fungicidal sprays can also be used.
Root rot can be prevented by avoiding overwatering and planting in well-draining soil. Fungicidal treatments can also be used to manage the disease.
Leaf spot can be managed by removing infected leaves and avoiding overhead watering. A fungicidal spray can also be applied to manage the disease.
Pest Management
Lomatium parvifolium var. pallidum is relatively resistant to pests, but some insects can still affect it. The most common pests that can affect the plant include the carrot rust fly and aphids.
To manage the carrot rust fly, it is recommended to cover the plants with a floating row cover or aluminum foil during the egg-laying period. Crop rotation can also help manage the pest.
Aphids can be managed by spraying the plants with a strong stream of water or using insecticidal soaps or oils.
Regular monitoring of the plants can help detect any pest or disease problems early, making it easier to manage them effectively.
