Origin and Common Names
Lomatium nuttallii (Gray) J.F. Macbr. var. alpinum (S. Wats.) Mathias, commonly known as alpine lomatium, is a species of flowering plant native to western North America. It is found in various regions of the United States, including Colorado, California, Nevada, Oregon, Montana, Washington, and Idaho. It is also found in parts of Canada, including British Columbia and Alberta.
General Appearance
Alpine lomatium is a perennial herb with a height that ranges from 10 to 60 centimeters. The stems are hairy and erect and grow from a taproot that is relatively thick. The leaves of the plant are basal and divided into segments, with the segments themselves being further divided into narrower segments. The inflorescence of the plant is a compound umbel with white to yellow flowers that bloom from May to July.
Uses
Alpine lomatium has a long history of use by Native American communities for medicinal purposes. It is reported to have antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties. The roots of the plant have also been used as a food source, with a flavor described as "parsnip-like." However, it should be noted that harvesting of this plant is not recommended, as it is considered rare or threatened in some areas and can take years to recover from disturbances.
Overall, alpine lomatium is a unique and valuable plant species that supports biodiversity and is deeply connected to the ecological communities in which it is found.Light Requirements
Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum requires full sunlight to grow properly. It does not tolerate shade or partial sunlight. Plants that are grown in shaded areas are often weak and can be susceptible to diseases.
Temperature Requirements
This plant is found primarily in mountainous regions where the climate is cool. It prefers cool temperatures, ranging from 10-20°C (50-68°F) during the growing season. In the winter, the plant can tolerate temperatures as low as -20°C (-4°F).
Soil Requirements
Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum grows well in well-draining soils with good water retention. The ideal soil pH for this plant ranges from 6.0 to 8.0. It can grow in a variety of soil textures including sandy, loamy, and rocky soils, but it prefers soils that are rich in organic matter. It can tolerate soils that are slightly acidic or alkaline.
Cultivation methods for Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum
Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum is a hardy, drought-resistant perennial plant that can thrive in a variety of growing conditions. It prefers a well-draining, rocky soil and full sun exposure. This plant can grow up to 2 feet tall and is typically found in subalpine regions of the western United States.
The ideal time to plant Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum is in the fall, allowing the plant to establish roots before going dormant during the winter. Alternatively, it can be planted in the spring after the last frost. The plant can be propagated through seed or division of existing plants.
Watering needs for Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum
Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum is a drought-resistant plant and does not require frequent watering. It can tolerate dry conditions but still needs occasional watering during prolonged dry spells. It is best to water deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out slightly between waterings. Overwatering can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases, so be sure not to water too much.
Fertilization for Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum
Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum is adapted to nutrient-poor soils and can thrive without fertilizer. However, if you want to give the plant a boost, you can apply a slow-release organic fertilizer in the spring. Avoid using high-nitrogen fertilizers as they can cause excessive foliage growth at the expense of flower production.
Pruning for Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum
Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum does not require much pruning as it has a low, mounding growth habit. Deadheading spent flowers can help promote further blooming. If the plant becomes too leggy or overgrown, you can trim back the stems by a third in the fall after the plant goes dormant. This will encourage new growth and a fuller appearance in the spring.
Propagation of Lomatium nuttallii (Gray) J.F. Macbr. var. alpinum (S. Wats.) Mathias
Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum is a native herbaceous perennial plant found in rocky areas at high elevations. It is commonly known as alpine lomatium and is a member of the carrot family. Propagation of this plant can be achieved through several methods.
Seed Propagation
Propagation of alpine lomatium from seeds is the most common and successful method. The seeds are relatively easy to collect as they develop into flat, oval-shaped fruits, containing one seed per fruit. These seeds require stratification to break their dormancy, which means they need exposure to cold temperatures for several months before they can germinate. The ideal temperature for stratification is about 35 degrees Fahrenheit for 3 to 4 weeks. Once the seeds have been stratified, they can be sown in a seed tray that is filled with a suitable soil mix. The ideal time to sow seeds is in the fall, so they can experience the winter months to achieve the chilling requirement naturally. The seed tray should be kept moist but not waterlogged and kept in a bright, well-ventilated area until seedlings emerge.
Division Propagation
Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum can also be propagated through division. This is best carried out in the fall or early spring by separating the roots into smaller pieces and replanting them in soil of similar structure and composition. During transplantation, it is important to keep the soil moist, and avoid any root damage that can create stress and may cause the plant to suffer.
Vegetative Propagation
Alpine lomatium can also be propagated vegetatively through stem cuttings. The cuttings should be taken from basal shoots or lateral stems, having at least 2-3 nodes,. Also ensure that the leaves are removed from the lower portion of the cutting. The preferred time to take cuttings varies depending on the location and environment, but generally, a period of active growth is best. The cuttings are then planted in a sandy soil mix, keeping it moist and warm until new growth appears. Rooting hormone can be used in order to promote rooting for successful propagation of the plant.
Disease Management:
Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum is not known to be highly susceptible to plant diseases. However, it can fall prey to a few fungal diseases such as leaf spot, powdery mildew, and stem rot.
To manage these diseases, it is advisable to maintain good plant hygiene. Ensure that there is good air circulation around the plants and avoid watering them overhead. Use drip irrigation instead and water the plants at the base. Also, prune off any infected leaves and destroy them by burning or burying them properly. The use of fungicides is often not necessary, but if needed, make sure to use them correctly, following the instructions on the labels.
Pest Management:
Lomatium nuttallii var. alpinum is not particularly vulnerable to pests, but some garden pests may pose a threat to the plants. These pests include aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites.
To manage these pests, use organic methods such as insecticidal soap, neem oil, or horticultural oils. These products are effective against small pests and can be used safely on this plant species. It is also advisable to encourage natural predators of these pests, such as ladybirds, lacewings, and parasitic wasps. Ensure good garden hygiene and weed control to limit hiding places for pests.
Regularly inspect the plants and take prompt action against any pests before they get out of control. If using insecticides, follow the instructions on the label carefully. Avoid spraying these products when bees are around to protect them from the harmful effects of the chemicals.
