Overview
Lithops vallis-mariae (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br. var. groendraaiensis (H.Jacobsen) de Boer is a small, succulent plant that belongs to the Aizoaceae family. It is commonly referred to as the "Living stone" plant due to its unique appearance and ability to blend into its surroundings, thus camouflaging itself from predators.
Origin
This plant species is native to South Africa and can be found growing in gravelly or rocky soils in the Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces.
Common Names
Lithops vallis-mariae var. groendraaiensis is commonly known as "Green valley" or "Groendraai" in Afrikaans, which refers to the location where the plant was first discovered.
Appearance
Lithops vallis-mariae var. groendraaiensis has a very distinct appearance, with two fleshy leaves that are fused together and a small slit in the middle that serves as a window for photosynthesis. The leaves are usually green, with varying patterns and shades depending on the plant's age and the amount of light it receives. The plant produces a small, daisy-like flower that can range in color from white to yellow.
Uses
Lithops vallis-mariae var. groendraaiensis is primarily grown as an ornamental plant due to its unique appearance and low maintenance requirements. It is often used in rock gardens, succulent arrangements, and terrariums.
Light Conditions
Lithops vallis-mariae var. groendraaiensis thrives under bright light and full sun. However, it can also grow well under partial shade, particularly during hot summer months where excessive sunlight might lead to desiccation. A south-facing windowsill receives ideal light intensity for this plant.
Temperature Requirements
This plant favors a warm climate and can tolerate temperatures between 60°F to 85°F (15°C to 30°C) during the growing season. However, during the winter dormant season, temperatures should be kept between 40°F to 55°F (5°C to 13°C) to trigger blooming. It is important to protect the plant from extreme temperatures as fluctuations can cause irreparable damage.
Soil Requirements
Lithops vallis-mariae var. groendraaiensis thrives in well-draining soil that allows water to pass through at a moderate pace. Ideally, the soil should be a mix of sandy loam and coarse grit. It's essential to ensure a low-nutrient soil mix as these plants are sensitive to excess nutrients. Fertilizing is not necessary for this plant.
Cultivation methods
Lithops vallis-mariae (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br. var. groendraaiensis (H.Jacobsen) de Boer needs well-draining soil with a neutral to slightly acidic pH. It can be propagated either by dividing offset bulbs or by seeds. The best time to plant Lithops vallis-mariae (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br. var. groendraaiensis (H.Jacobsen) de Boer is in spring or autumn when the temperature is between 60-75°F (15-24°C).
Watering needs
When watering Lithops vallis-mariae (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br. var. groendraaiensis (H.Jacobsen) de Boer, make sure not to over-water the plant as it can lead to root rot. Water the plant sparingly and only when the soil is completely dry. During the summer months, water the plant every 10-14 days. Reduce watering to once a month during the winter months.
Fertilization
Lithops vallis-mariae (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br. var. groendraaiensis (H.Jacobsen) de Boer does not require frequent fertilization. They are adapted to grow in nutrient-poor soils. You can fertilize the plant once every four to six months with a diluted liquid fertilizer applied mostly during the summer growing season.
Pruning
Lithops vallis-mariae (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br. var. groendraaiensis (H.Jacobsen) de Boer does not require pruning. Dead leaves may be gently removed, but it is best not to interfere with the plant's natural growth habit. Lithops vallis-mariae (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br. var. groendraaiensis (H.Jacobsen) de Boer grows in clumps of 2-6 leaves, which will naturally shed old leaves and produce new ones in the center of the plant's clump.
Propagation Methods for Lithops vallis-mariae var. groendraaiensis
Lithops vallis-mariae var. groendraaiensis can be propagated using various methods. One of the easiest ways to propagate this plant is by division. This involves separating the offsets from the mother plant.
To do this, dig around the mother plant and carefully remove the offsets. Ensure that the offsets have their own roots and plant them in a potting mix that is well-draining. Water the potting mix lightly and place it in a bright but shaded area. After a few weeks, the new plants should be established and can be treated like mature plants.
Another method of propagation is through leaf cuttings. This is a bit more difficult and requires some patience. To propagate through leaf cuttings, carefully remove a mature leaf and let it dry for a few days until it forms a callous. Place the leaf on top of well-draining potting mix and cover it lightly with soil. Water the potting mix lightly and place it in a bright but shaded area. After a few weeks, the leaf will form new roots and eventually grow into a new plant.
Finally, Lithops vallis-mariae var. groendraaiensis can also be propagated through seed propagation. This method requires a bit more skill and patience as Lithops seeds need specific conditions to germinate. Plant the seeds in a well-draining potting mix and cover them lightly with soil. Keep the potting mix moist but not too wet and place it in a bright but shaded area. After a few weeks, the seeds should begin to germinate and the new plants can be treated like mature plants.
Disease Management
Lithops vallis-mariae (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br. var. groendraaiensis (H.Jacobsen) de Boer is generally a hardy plant. However, if the conditions are not optimal, the following diseases may affect the plant:
- Root Rot: The fungal disease caused by overwatering in poorly drained soil. It can lead to yellowing and wilting of leaves, stunted growth and ultimately plant death. To avoid root rot, make sure to plant Lithops vallis-mariae in well-drained soil and do not overwater the plant.
- Leaf Spot: This fungal disease appears as circular brown or black spots on the leaves. It can cause the leaves to wither and die. Remove infected leaves, avoid overhead watering and provide good air circulation to prevent this disease.
Pest Management
Lithops vallis-mariae (Dinter & Schwantes) N.E.Br. var. groendraaiensis (H.Jacobsen) de Boer may also be affected by pests such as:
- Mealybugs: They appear as white, cotton-like clusters on the leaves and stems, sucking the sap of the plant. Remove them with a cotton swab soaked in rubbing alcohol or neem oil.
- Spider Mites: These tiny pests are hard to see and suck out the plant's vital fluids. They leave webs on the plant's leaves. Spray the plant with an insecticidal soap or neem oil.
It is important to keep a close eye on your Lithops vallis-mariae and address any issues promptly to keep the plant healthy and thriving.
