Description
Lipochaeta succulenta (Hook. & Arn.) DC. var. decurrens (Gray) Sherff is a flowering plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is a subspecies of the Lipochaeta succulenta species which is native to Hawaii and other Pacific Islands. This plant has several common names including “Akoko” and “Akoko koa”.
Appearance
The plant is a shrub that typically grows 2 to 4 feet tall. It has succulent leaves that are leathery and glossy. These leaves are elliptical, about 4 inches long and 1 inch wide, tapering at the base, and smooth-edged. The plant produces daisy-like flower heads which are surrounded by bracts. The flower heads are about an inch in diameter, have yellow ray flowers, and a central cluster of yellow disk flowers.
Uses
Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens has been used for various medicinal purposes by native Hawaiians. Traditionally, the plant was used to treat skin ailments, diabetes and high blood pressure. The leaves were also used to make tea which was believed to alleviate symptoms of indigestion and diarrhea.
The plant is also used for landscaping due to its compact size and attractive appearance. It is commonly found in gardens and parks to add some color and foliage.
Conservation status
Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens has been listed as an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The plant is threatened by habitat loss, land development, and invasive species. The Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources has been working to protect the plant by including it in the list of endangered species and implementing conservation efforts.
Light Requirements
The Lipochaeta succulenta (Hook. & Arn.) DC. var. decurrens (Gray) Sherff plant requires a lot of light to grow properly. It is best to place it near a window where it can receive abundant sunlight. A few hours of direct sunlight each day are ideal for the plant. However, be careful not to expose it to too much direct sunlight, as this can damage the leaves.
Temperature Requirements
The Lipochaeta succulenta (Hook. & Arn.) DC. var. decurrens (Gray) Sherff plant is native to tropical and subtropical regions, so it prefers warm temperatures between 68°F to 86°F (20°C to 30°C) to grow well. The plant can tolerate slightly cooler temperatures, but it is sensitive to frost, which can damage or kill the plant. It is best to keep the plant away from cold drafts or air conditioning units to ensure optimal growth.
Soil Requirements
The Lipochaeta succulenta (Hook. & Arn.) DC. var. decurrens (Gray) Sherff plant prefers well-draining soil that is rich in nutrients. The soil should be slightly acidic with a pH between 6.0 to 7.0. A mixture of sand, peat moss, and perlite is an ideal growing medium for the plant. It is also important to ensure that the soil is not waterlogged, as this can cause root rot and other problems.
Cultivation Methods
Lipochaeta succulenta (Hook. & Arn.) DC. var. decurrens (Gray) Sherff is a native plant of Hawaii, and it is usually grown as an ornamental plant. The plant is easy to grow and does well in well-draining soil and full sun, although it can also tolerate partial shade. Planting the seedlings in late spring or early summer when the weather is warm is ideal as it encourages rapid growth.
To prepare the soil, mix garden soil with compost or aged manure. Ensure the soil is moist before planting and dig holes deep enough to accommodate the entire root system. After planting the seedlings, water them thoroughly and add a layer of mulch around the base of the plants to help retain moisture and suppress weed growth.
Watering Needs
Lipochaeta succulenta (Hook. & Arn.) DC. var. decurrens (Gray) Sherff requires regular watering, especially during the first few weeks after planting. Once the plants are established, you can water them less frequently, but ensure the soil stays consistently moist.
It is essential to note that the plant is susceptible to root rot if the soil is too wet. Therefore, it is crucial to avoid overwatering, especially in poorly drained soils or during the dormant season.
Fertilization
L. succulenta requires occasional fertilization to thrive and produce healthy foliage and flowers. Slow-release fertilizers, such as those high in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, are ideal for this plant. You can apply the fertilizer every three to four months during the growing season or follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer.
Avoid over-fertilizing as it can damage the plant roots and leaves. Additionally, you can apply organic fertilizers, such as fish emulsion or compost, to help improve soil fertility and support healthy growth.
Pruning
Lipochaeta succulenta (Hook. & Arn.) DC. var. decurrens (Gray) Sherff requires minimal pruning, typically to remove dead, damaged, or diseased parts of the plant. Trimming the plant after flowering can help maintain its shape and improve air circulation. Additionally, removing spent flowers can help extend the blooming period.
If the plant becomes too tall or wide, you can prune it to a more manageable size. However, avoid pruning excessively as this can inhibit blooming and may even harm the plant's overall health.
Propagation Methods for Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens
Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens, commonly known as Na'ena'e or Na'ena'e kuahiwi, is a succulent perennial shrub species that is native to Hawaii and grows in dry coastal and subcoastal regions. The plant produces daisy-like yellow flowers and can grow up to 3 feet tall and wide. Here are the propagation methods for Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens:
Seed Propagation
The seeds of Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens can be harvested from mature flower heads that have dried out. Once collected, the seeds can be sown in a well-draining soil mix in nursery pots or trays. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil and keep them moist. Germination usually takes 2-3 weeks. Once the seedlings have emerged, they can be transplanted into individual pots or directly into the ground.
Cuttings Propagation
Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens can also be propagated using stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem that does not have flowers or buds and cut it to a length of about 4-6 inches. Remove the lower leaves from the stem, leaving only a few small ones at the top. Dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone and plant it in a well-draining soil mix. Water the cutting thoroughly and place it in a bright but shaded area. Rooting usually takes 2-4 weeks. Once roots have formed, the new plant can be transplanted into individual pots or directly into the ground.
Disease and Pest Management for Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens
Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens is a hardy plant species that is resistant to most pests and diseases. However, just like any other plant, it is still prone to some issues that can affect its growth and health. It is essential to take prompt actions to control and manage any pest or disease issues before they cause irreversible damage to the plant.
Common Pests and Diseases
The most common pests that might affect Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens include spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs. These pests suck sap from the plant, which may result in the deformation of leaves and stunted growth.
The disease that might affect Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens is root rot. Root rot is caused by a fungal pathogen that thrives in waterlogged soils. The symptoms of root rot include yellowing of leaves, wilting, and root discoloration.
Pest Management
Applying insecticidal soap is an effective way of controlling spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs. If the infestation is severe, you can use neem oil, which is a natural pesticide that is harmless to the plant and beneficial insects.
You can also control spider mites by washing the leaves with water or increasing humidity levels around the plant. Introducing natural predators like ladybugs can also help manage aphids and mealybugs.
Disease Management
The best way to manage root rot is by preventing it from occurring. Ensure that the soil in which Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens grows is well-drained to avoid waterlogging. You can also avoid overwatering the plant, especially during the winter season when the plant is dormant.
If the plant is already infected with root rot, the only solution is to remove the affected parts of the plant and applying a fungicide to prevent the spread of the disease.
In conclusion, taking preventative measures and early intervention is key to managing any pest or disease issues that might affect Lipochaeta succulenta var. decurrens. Healthy and disease-free plants not only improve the aesthetic value of your garden but also promote the overall wellbeing of your plants.
