Overview
Lewisia rediviva Pursh var. rediviva is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the Portulacaceae family. It is commonly known as bitter-root due to its bitter-tasting roots.Origin
The plant is native to North America, particularly the western parts of the United States and Canada. It is commonly found in alpine meadows, rocky slopes, and dry hills.Appearance
The plant has a rosette of fleshy, spoon-shaped leaves that are green to bluish-green in color. The leaves range from 1 to 6 inches in length and are arranged in a basal pattern. The plant blooms from May to July with pink to white colored flowers that are 1 to 2 inches in diameter. The flowers have five to ten petals and are arranged in cymes in a branched inflorescence. The roots of the plant are long, thick, and bitter-tasting.Uses
The bitter-root plant has been traditionally used by the Native American tribes as a medicinal herb for various ailments such as fever, diarrhea, and dysentery. The roots of the plant are used in tea or chewed to alleviate stomach pains and loss of appetite. The plant is also used in landscaping due to its attractive appearance and ability to thrive in dry, rocky soils. In addition, the bitter-root plant is considered an important cultural and symbolic plant in Native American culture, particularly the Salish and Nez Perce tribes.Growth Conditions for Lewisia rediviva Pursh var. rediviva
Lewis rediviva Pursh var. rediviva, also known as Bitter Root, is a flowering plant indigenous to the western part of North America. The plant's growth conditions are critical to its survival in the harsh and dry climate of its native region.
Light
Lewis rediviva Pursh var. rediviva requires full sunlight to grow and flower. Planting this species in a shaded area will hinder its growth. As such, the ideal location for the plant is a clear, open area exposed to bright sunlight.
Temperature
The plant grows at its best when the temperatures are moderate. It can tolerate temperatures up to 90°F (32°C) during the summer and cold winters of about -25°F (-32°C). The plant enters a dormant stage during winter and requires protection from frost. Excessive heat also interrupts its growth. Therefore, planting Bitter Root in a location with a moderate temperature will promote growth and flowering.
Soil Conditions
The soil requirements of Lewis rediviva Pursh var. rediviva are essential to its growth. The plant thrives in well-drained, rocky, and sandy soil. It requires a soil pH level between 5.0 and 6.5. The loamy sandy soil is the best for growing this species. The soil should be relatively poor in nutrients and rich in humus. The plant's root system is shallow, and, therefore, deep soil is not appropriate. Additionally, the plant requires protection from waterlogging, as it can lead to root rot.
In conclusion, Lewisia rediviva Pursh var. rediviva thrives in full sunlight, moderate temperature, and well-drained, rocky, sandy soil with a slightly acidic pH. These growth requirements are crucial to promote healthy growth and flowering of the Bitter Root plant.
Cultivation Methods
Lewisia rediviva Pursh var. rediviva, commonly known as bitterroot, requires well-draining soil, preferably sandy or gravelly. This plant thrives in full sun or partial shade and needs protection from hot afternoon sun and wind. It is best to plant the bitterroot in late spring or early summer when the soil is warm. Ensure that the plant has adequate root space and is not overcrowded. If planting in containers, use a well-draining potting mix that contains perlite or sand.
Watering Needs
Bitterroot needs occasional watering, particularly during the growing season. The key is to water the plant deeply but not too frequently to prevent the soil from becoming waterlogged. Depending on the climate, it may require watering once a week or less. During the winter, the plant needs minimal watering, and it is not uncommon for it to go dormant until the spring.
Fertilization
Bitterroot does not require frequent fertilization but can benefit from occasional feedings during the growing season. Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to avoid over-fertilizing, which can damage the plant. It is best to fertilize the plant in early spring, just before the growing season begins. Avoid fertilizing in late summer or early fall, as this can stimulate new shoots that may not have enough time to harden off before winter.
Pruning
Bitterroot does not require significant pruning, but it can benefit from deadheading spent flowers to encourage the plant to produce new blooms. Remove faded flowers by trimming the stem just below the flower head. This helps to redirect energy back into the plant instead of producing seed heads. It is best to deadhead regularly throughout the growing season to keep the plant looking tidy and encourage repeat blooming.
Propagation of Lewisia rediviva Pursh var. rediviva
Lewisias can be propagated either by sowing fresh seeds or by vegetative propagation.
Seed Propagation
Fresh seeds of Lewisia rediviva Pursh var. rediviva should be sown in the fall. The seeds should be sown on top of the soil, lightly pressed into the soil, and covered with a thin layer of sand. The potting soil should be kept moist until the seeds germinate, which can take up to three weeks. Once the seedlings have their first true leaves, they can be transplanted to individual pots or cell packs. The young plants should be kept in a cool, bright location and kept moist.
Vegetative Propagation
Lewisias can also be propagated by vegetative means such as leaf cuttings or division. To propagate by leaf cuttings, cut healthy leaves into 2 or 3-inch sections, and insert them into well-draining soil mix. The cuttings should be kept moist and in a shaded location until the roots are established and new growth appears. Division is the simplest method of vegetative propagation and should be done in the early spring. Lift the entire plant out of the ground or pot, cut the roots and leaves into sections, and replant in well-draining soil.
Disease and Pest Management for Lewisia Rediviva Pursh var. Rediviva
Lewisias are generally tough and disease-resistant plants. However, there are still a few pests and diseases that can affect them. Proper care and prompt action can help keep your Lewisia healthy and thriving.
Common Diseases
Lewisias can be affected by various fungal and bacterial diseases that can cause leaf spots, crown rot, root rot, and wilt. One common disease is the powdery mildew, which causes a white powdery coating to appear on the leaves and the buds. Another is the rust disease, which appears as yellow spots on the leaves and rust-colored pustules on the undersides of the leaves.
Disease Management
To help prevent fungal and bacterial diseases, avoid overhead watering, and water at the base of the plant. You can also improve air circulation by spacing plants accordingly, removing any dead leaves or debris, and pruning the plant to improve airflow. If you notice any signs of disease, make sure to remove the affected parts of the plant and dispose of them away from your garden. Fungicides and bactericides are available to treat severe infections, but they should be used as a last resort.
Common Pests
Lewisia plants can be affected by several pests, including spider mites, aphids, and slugs. Spider mites are tiny pests that feed on the plant's sap and can cause yellowing and shriveling of the leaves. Aphids suck the sap from the plant's leaves, causing them to curl and become distorted. Slugs eat holes in the plant's leaves and flowers, leaving a slimy trail behind.
Pest Management
To help prevent pest infestations, keep the soil moist and maintain good plant health. You can use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control spider mites and aphids. Slugs can be deterred by placing copper barriers around the plants or by using bait traps. Handpicking the slugs and disposing of them can also be effective.
By practicing good plant care and promptly addressing any issues, you can help your Lewisia plant remain healthy, beautiful, and resilient.
