Lessertia subumbellata Harv. - Overview
Lessertia subumbellata Harv., also known as "Mountain Cancer Bush" or "Kankerbossie," is a perennial plant species belonging to the Fabaceae family. The plant is primarily found in South Africa, growing in rocky and mountainous areas, and can tolerate drought and frost.
Appearance
The plant has a typical shrub-like appearance and can reach up to 2 meters in height. The leaves are small, slender, and divided into three leaflets, with a dark-green color and covered with fine hairs. The flowers of Lessertia subumbellata Harv. are small, yellow, and arranged in dense clusters, forming an umbrella-like shape during the flowering season, which occurs from August to November in South Africa.
Uses
Throughout history, the Lessertia subumbellata Harv. plant has been used for medicinal purposes by the traditional healers of the region. The plant is believed to have anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-tumor properties, and is used to treat various ailments, including cancer, respiratory infections, and digestive problems.
Moreover, the plant has recently gained popularity in the western world for its potential to aid in cancer treatments. Studies have indicated that the compounds present in the plant have anti-cancer properties, and may help to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Aside from its medicinal uses, the Lessertia subumbellata Harv. plant is also used for cultural and spiritual purposes by the indigenous people of South Africa. The plant is believed to have mystical properties and is used in ceremonies and rituals as a form of protection and purification.
Light Requirements
Lessertia subumbellata Harv. requires full sun to partial shade for optimal growth. In areas with hot summers, it may benefit from some afternoon shade to prevent sunburn on the leaves.
Temperature Requirements
The plant is native to South Africa and can tolerate a range of temperatures. It can grow in areas with hot summers and cold winters and is hardy down to USDA Zone 8b.
Soil Requirements
Lessertia subumbellata Harv. does well in well-draining soils with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0). It is adapted to sandy or loamy soils but can also grow in clay soils if they are not too compacted. The plant thrives in soils rich in organic matter and benefits from regular applications of compost or other organic fertilizers.
Cultivation methods
Lessertia subumbellata, commonly known as "Mountain Cancer Bush," is a native plant of Southern Africa. It grows best in full sunlight and well-drained soil, making it a great candidate for rock gardens and dry gardens. You can grow this plant from seeds or cuttings, and it is generally easy to establish. It is a relatively low maintenance shrub that requires minimal care.Watering needs
Mountain Cancer Bush prefers moderate watering, and it is best to allow the soil to dry out slightly between watering sessions. Overwatering can cause root rot and other issues, so it is important to avoid it. The plant also benefits from occasional deep watering sessions during hot and dry periods.Fertilization
It is best to fertilize Mountain Cancer Bush moderately during the growing season. Use a balanced fertilizer and follow the instructions on the packaging. Avoid fertilizing during the dormant season, as it can cause unnecessary stress to the plant.Pruning
Pruning Lessertia subumbellata is essential to maintain its compact shape and improve plant health. Prune the plant in early spring before new growth begins. Use pruning shears to remove any dead, diseased, or damaged branches. You can also trim the plant lightly to shape it and encourage bushy growth. Avoid pruning too much of the plant as it can lead to stunted growth and poor flowering.Propagation of Lessertia subumbellata Harv.
Lessertia subumbellata Harv. can be propagated through seed, cuttings or division of the rootstock. Here are the details about each propagation method:
Seed Propagation
The seeds of Lessertia subumbellata Harv. can be collected during autumn. The collected seeds must be stored in a cool and dry place. Before sowing, the seeds must be treated with hot water to break down their hard seed coat. The ideal temperature for germination is between 15°C to 30°C. Once the seedlings develop the second pair of true leaves, they can be transplanted into individual pots.
Cutting Propagation
Cutting propagation is another method that can be used to propagate Lessertia subumbellata Harv. This method is also known as vegetative propagation. Semi-hardwood cuttings are collected from the plant during late spring. The cutting is approximately 10-20 cm long and must have 3-4 nodes. The lower leaves are removed, and the remaining leaves are cut in half to reduce water loss. The cutting is dipped into rooting hormone and planted into a rooting mixture. The plant must be kept in a warm, moist environment to encourage rooting. After rooting occurs, the plant can be transplanted into individual pots.
Division of Rootstock
Division of rootstock is the easiest method of propagation for Lessertia subumbellata Harv. This method is best done during late winter or early spring. The rootstock is dug up from the ground, and with a sharp, clean knife, the rootstock is divided into smaller sections. Each section must have at least one healthy shoot and root system. The divided plant is re-planted back into the garden bed or transplanted into individual pots.
Disease and Pest Management for Lessertia subumbellata Harv.
Lessertia subumbellata Harv. is a hardy, drought-resistant shrub that is commonly used in traditional medicine. However, like all plants, it is vulnerable to a range of diseases and pests. Here are some common issues that may affect Lessertia subumbellata, along with suggested management strategies:
Diseases
1. Leaf rust: This fungal disease appears as yellow-orange lesions on the plant's leaves, which eventually turn brown and fall off. To manage leaf rust, remove and destroy infected leaves, and avoid overhead watering. Applying a fungicide may also help.
2. Root rot: This disease is caused by fungi that thrive in wet, poorly-drained soils. The plant may appear wilted or stunted, and the roots may be blackened or mushy. To manage root rot, improve soil drainage and avoid overwatering. Remove and destroy infected plants, and consider using a fungicide.
Pests
1. Aphids: These tiny insects suck plant sap and leave behind a sticky residue. Affected plants may appear distorted or stunted. To manage aphids, remove them by hand or with a strong stream of water. Applying insecticidal soap or neem oil may also help.
2. Spider mites: These microscopic pests feed on plant sap and can cause leaves to turn yellow or mottled. To manage spider mites, remove and destroy affected leaves, and increase humidity around the plant. Applying a miticide may also help.
By taking these steps, you can help keep Lessertia subumbellata healthy and free from disease and pests.
