Origin and Common Names
Lessertia candida E.Mey., commonly known as white cancer bush or witkankbos in Afrikaans, is a species of flowering plant. It is native to southern Africa and can be found in countries such as South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe.General Appearance
The plant is a small shrub that can reach up to 1.5 meters tall. It has thin, elongated leaves that are a greyish-green colour, and grow in an alternate pattern. The white cancer bush produces clusters of small white flowers that bloom between May and August, followed by small capsules filled with seeds.Uses
Traditionally, various parts of the white cancer bush have been used for medicinal purposes. The roots, bark, leaves, and stems are used to treat a variety of ailments, including cancer, skin infections, respiratory issues, and stomach problems. The plant is also used as a natural remedy for HIV/AIDS in southern African traditional medicine. Studies have shown that its extracts have antiviral properties that may help prevent the replication of HIV-1 in the body. Furthermore, the plant's high tannin content, a natural compound with antibacterial properties, has been used in the leather industry for tanning hides. White cancer bush is also used in landscaping as an ornamental plant.Light Requirements
Lessertia candida, also known as the silver-leaf senna, prefers full sun exposure to thrive and grow. It requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight every day. Insufficient light may result in leggy and weak stems, and reduced flower production.
Temperature Requirements
The silver-leaf senna is a warm-weather plant and needs temperatures above 20°C (68°F) to grow well. It can tolerate high temperatures, and summer heat does not generally bother this plant. However, it cannot withstand frost and freezing temperatures. It grows well in USDA hardiness zones 10 to 11.
Soil Requirements
The silver-leaf senna grows well in well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. It prefers slightly acidic to alkaline soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 8.5. This plant is drought-tolerant and can grow in soil with low fertility. However, it does not tolerate poorly drained soil and may suffer from root rot if the soil stays waterlogged for too long. Adding compost or other organic matter to the soil can improve drainage and fertility.
Cultivation of Lessertia Candida E.Mey.
The plant Lessertia Candida E.Mey., common name Cancer Bush, is native to South Africa and is a popular ornamental plant known for its brilliant yellow flowers and healing properties. The following are recommended steps for cultivating this plant:
Soil
Cancer Bush is typically grown in well-draining soils consisting of a mix of sand and loam. The soil pH needs to be around 6.5 to 7.5. The plant prefers a sunny and dry environment but can tolerate some shade.
Planting
The best time to plant is in spring or autumn. Dig a hole twice the size of the plant's root ball and add some compost to the soil. Carefully remove the plant from its container and place it in the hole. Fill the hole with soil and gently press the soil around the plant.
Watering needs
Once established, the Cancer Bush requires minimal watering. It is a drought-resistant plant that can survive extended periods of dry weather. However, young plants should be watered regularly to promote root growth and establishment.
Fertilization
Cancer Bush does not require a lot of fertilizer. However, adding organic fertilizer once a year in the spring is recommended. Avoid using high-nitrogen fertilizers as they may cause the plant to produce leaves at the expense of flowers.
Pruning
Pruning is not crucial for this plant, and only light pruning is recommended after flowering to maintain its shape and encourage bushier growth. Remove any dead or damaged branches to encourage new growth and improve the plant's overall appearance.
Propagation of Lessertia candida E.Mey.
There are several methods for propagating Lessertia candida E.Mey., commonly known as "biting succulent." These include:
Seed propagation
Lessertia candida E.Mey. can be propagated through seeds, which should be sown during spring or summer. The seeds should be sown in well-draining soil and kept moist until they germinate. It takes about 2 weeks for the seeds to germinate, and the seedlings should be kept in a warm and well-lit area until they are large enough to be planted in individual pots.
Stem cuttings
Another way to propagate Lessertia candida E.Mey. is through stem cuttings. The best time to take cuttings is during late spring or summer when the plant is actively growing. To take stem cuttings, cut a piece of the stem with at least one set of leaves and remove the bottom leaves. Dip the cut end in rooting hormone and plant it in a well-draining soil mix. Keep the soil moist and the cutting in a warm, well-lit area until it starts to root, usually within a few weeks.
Division
Lessertia candida E.Mey. can also be propagated by division. This is best done during spring or summer when the plant is actively growing. To divide the plant, carefully remove it from the soil and gently separate the roots into sections. Each section should have some leaves and roots. Plant each section in its own pot with well-draining soil and water it thoroughly.
Whatever propagation method is chosen, it is important to keep the new plants in a warm and well-lit area until they establish themselves. Once they have established, Lessertia candida E.Mey. is relatively easy to care for and can thrive in a variety of growing conditions.
Disease and Pest Management for Lessertia Candida
Lessertia candida, commonly known as cancer bush or bladderpod, is a plant species of the Fabaceae family. It is native to South Africa and is known for its medicinal properties. As with any plant species, Lessertia candida is susceptible to disease and pest infestations which can harm the plant's growth and ultimately lead to its death. Here are some of the common diseases and pests that affect cancer bush and methods of controlling them.
Diseases
Canker - Canker is a fungal disease that attacks the stems of the plant. The infected parts become discolored, and small, red spots appear on the surface. To control canker, remove infected plant parts and apply a fungicide to the remaining healthy parts of the plant.
Root rot - Root rot is caused by soilborne fungi that attack the plant's roots. Symptoms include yellowing leaves, wilting, and stunted growth. To prevent root rot, avoid overwatering and ensure proper drainage. Affected plants may need to be removed, and the soil replaced.
Rust - Rust is a fungal disease that creates brownish-orange spots on the leaves. It spreads easily and can be controlled by removing infected leaves, disposing of them properly and applying fungicides to the remaining leaves.
Pest Management
Spider Mites - Spider mites are tiny pests that suck sap from the plant's leaves causing them to yellow and fall off. To control spider mites, apply a miticide or insecticidal soap and keep the plant well-watered.
Caterpillars - Caterpillars are the larvae of moths and butterflies that feed on the plant's leaves. Handpicking or trimming the affected leaves can help control caterpillar infestations. In severe cases, applying insecticides can help control caterpillars and prevent further damage.
Mealybugs - Mealybugs are small, white, cotton-like insects that feed on the plant's sap. They cause the leaves to wilt and turn yellow. To control mealybugs, wipe the affected plant parts with a damp cloth and remove any visible mealybugs. Apply insecticidal soap if necessary.
By applying good plant care practices such as keeping the plant well-watered, removing dead leaves, and keeping the plant debris-free, you can prevent the occurrence of diseases and pests in Lessertia candida. Early detection and control are vital to ensure the plant remains healthy and productive.
