Overview: Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.)
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) is a hybrid plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family. This species is a result of the cross between Lespedeza thunbergii and Lespedeza bicolor. Native to Asia, the plant has now spread widely throughout North America and Europe. Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) is commonly known as Bush Clover or Longleaf Lespedeza.
Appearance
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) is a shrub that can grow up to 1-2 meters in height, with an average spread of 1.5 meters. The plant has slender, arching stems that bear pink or purple flowers in late summer and early fall, typically from July to September. The leaves of Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) are green and narrow, measuring up to 12 cm long and 1.5 cm wide.
Uses
The Bush Clover is primarily used as an ornamental plant in landscape gardening. It is a popular choice for borders, and flowerbeds given its beautiful foliage and colorful flowers. Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) is also used for soil erosion control and is an excellent choice for banks and slopes. Additionally, the plant is known to attract bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, making it an excellent addition to any pollinator-friendly garden.
Some varieties of the plant are also used for medicinal purposes. The roots and leaves of some species of Lespedeza have been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various ailments such as infections, inflammation, and fever. However, more research is necessary to prove the efficiency of these remedies.
Conclusion
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) is a beautiful and versatile plant that is commonly used in landscape gardening. Its stunning pink or purple flowers, narrow leaves, and arching stems create an impressive display in the late summer garden and attracts pollinators such as bees and butterflies. The plant is also used for erosion control, making it an excellent addition to landscaping on slopes and banks. The Bush Clover is a fascinating plant that continues to captivate gardeners and botanists alike.
Light Requirements
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. prefers to grow in full sunlight. The plant does not tolerate shade, and a lack of sunlight can cause the plant to become weak and leggy. Therefore, it is recommended to plant Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. in an area that receives direct sunlight for at least six hours a day. If grown indoors, the plant must be placed near a south-facing window to receive adequate light.
Temperature Requirements
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. is a hardy plant that can survive in relatively harsh temperatures. However, it prefers moderate temperatures between 60°F and 75°F (15°C-24°C). The plant can tolerate high humidity but does not generally do well in arid or dry climates. Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. can withstand frost and freezing, making it an excellent choice for gardens located in areas with cold winters.
Soil Requirements
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. The soil should be fertile and have a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. The plant can tolerate a variety of soil types, including sandy and loamy soil. However, the soil should not be too compact, as compact soil can hinder root growth and make it difficult for the plant to absorb nutrients. It is recommended to add compost or another organic matter to the soil to improve drainage and nutrient content.
Cultivation
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) is an undemanding plant to cultivate. It can tolerate a wide range of growing conditions, making it an ideal choice for gardeners of all levels. The plant thrives in full sun or partial shade and prefers well-draining soil.
When planting, make sure the soil is moist. After planting, water the plant well. It's crucial to keep the soil moist for the first few weeks until the plant has established roots. Ensure the plant is adequately spaced, as crowding can lead to disease and other issues.
Watering Needs
The watering needs of Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) vary depending on the type of soil and the climate. In general, the plant prefers to have deep, infrequent watering. Allow the soil to dry out between watering sessions.
It's important not to overwater the plant, as this can lead to root rot and other problems. The best practice is to water the plant slowly and deeply, then let the soil dry out a bit before watering again. During the hot summer months, the plant may need watering more often to prevent wilting.
Fertilization
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) doesn't require a lot of fertilizer to thrive. Too much fertilizer can result in lush foliage at the expense of flowers. It's best to fertilize the plant in the late winter or early spring using a slow-release fertilizer. Follow the instructions on the packaging carefully to avoid over-fertilizing.
The plant will benefit from a light top dressing of compost or aged manure in the spring. This helps to improve soil quality and provides the roots with much-needed nutrients. Avoid fertilizing the plant during the summer months, as this can lead to excessive growth and weak stems.
Pruning
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) requires minimal pruning to maintain its shape and promote healthy growth. Prune the plant in late winter or early spring before new growth appears. This is an excellent time to remove any dead, damaged, or diseased stems. Pruning helps to improve air circulation and reduce the risk of fungal diseases.
To keep the plant looking tidy, prune back any overly long or straggly stems. Use clean, sharp pruners to make a clean cut just above a leaf node. Avoid pruning the plant too severely, as this can lead to weak growth and poor flowering.
Propagation of Lespedeza ×longifolia DC.:
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. can be propagated through seeds or vegetative means.
Propagation through seeds:
The plant produces seeds that can be used to propagate it. The seeds must be sown in well-drained soil during the spring or fall. They should be sown at a depth of 1/4 inch and should be kept moist until they germinate. The seedlings will emerge within 7-14 days under proper growing conditions. The plant will reach maturity in about 3-5 years.
Propagation through vegetative means:
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. can also be propagated through vegetative means. This method is useful when trying to create a large number of clones. There are three main methods to propagate the plant vegetatively:
- Softwood stem cuttings: Softwood cuttings should be taken in the late spring. Cuttings should be about 4-6 inches long and should include a portion of the stem and the leaves. The cuttings should be planted in well-drained soil and kept moist. The plant will develop roots within 3-4 weeks.
- Hardwood stem cuttings: Hardwood cuttings should be taken in the late fall or early winter. Cuttings should be about 8-12 inches long and should include a portion of the stem and the leaves. The cuttings should be planted in well-drained soil and kept moist. The plant will develop roots within 3-4 weeks.
- Division: Division should be done during the spring. The plant should be dug up, and the roots should be gently separated. Each division should have a portion of the stem and the leaves. The divisions should be replanted in well-drained soil and kept moist. The plant will recover quickly and will grow to mature size in 3-5 years.
Disease Management
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) can be vulnerable to several diseases. The most common ones include:
- Anthracnose: This fungal disease can cause leaf spotting, defoliation, stem cankers, and death of the plant in severe cases. To manage it, prune the affected areas, sanitize pruning tools, and destroy infected plant debris.
- Cercospora leaf spot: This disease causes yellowing, browning, and premature dropping of leaves. To manage it, remove and destroy infected leaves, and practice good sanitation and cultural practices.
- Root rot: This fungal disease causes the roots to decay and can kill the plant. To manage it, avoid overwatering, improve soil drainage, and remove infected plants.
Pest Management
Lespedeza ×longifolia DC. (pro sp.) can also be attacked by some common pests. The most common pests include:
- Spider mites: These tiny pests can cause leaf yellowing and browning. To manage them, spray the plant with a strong stream of water, apply insecticidal soap or oil, or introduce natural predators.
- Japanese beetles: These pests can eat the plant's foliage and flowers and cause significant damage. To manage them, pick them off by hand, use insecticidal soap or oil, or introduce natural predators.
- Aphids: These sap-sucking pests can cause leaf curling, yellowing, and stunted growth. To manage them, spray the plant with a strong stream of water, apply insecticidal soap or oil, or introduce natural predators.
